Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the main reason for the increase in security vulnerabilities in ICT systems?
What is the main reason for the increase in security vulnerabilities in ICT systems?
- Enhanced security protocols by companies
- The rapid growth of the Internet (correct)
- Improved training for system administrators
- The complexity of software being developed (correct)
Which of the following best describes ICT security?
Which of the following best describes ICT security?
- Only the hardware components that ensure digital safety
- A specific set of software applications designed for security
- Only organizational rules implemented by a company
- A mix of products, services, and individual behaviors that protect ICT systems (correct)
What factor has contributed to the decrease in the average level of system administrators in recent years?
What factor has contributed to the decrease in the average level of system administrators in recent years?
- Strain from the growing number of Internet-connected systems (correct)
- The oversaturation of the job market
- Increased complexity of tasks due to advanced technology
- A significant rise in hacker attacks
Which components are considered the main parts of any ICT system?
Which components are considered the main parts of any ICT system?
What is a common mistake made by inexperienced programmers in relation to security?
What is a common mistake made by inexperienced programmers in relation to security?
What is one of the primary goals of information security?
What is one of the primary goals of information security?
Which characteristic of information security ensures that unauthorized individuals cannot access data?
Which characteristic of information security ensures that unauthorized individuals cannot access data?
Why are people often considered the weakest link in information security?
Why are people often considered the weakest link in information security?
Which type of attack involves a hacker directly using their computer to break into a system?
Which type of attack involves a hacker directly using their computer to break into a system?
What does the C.I.A. triangle stand for in the context of information security?
What does the C.I.A. triangle stand for in the context of information security?
What is a common characteristic of software that makes it difficult to secure?
What is a common characteristic of software that makes it difficult to secure?
What role does a threat-agent play in information security?
What role does a threat-agent play in information security?
How is an exploit defined in the context of cybersecurity?
How is an exploit defined in the context of cybersecurity?
Which of these is not considered a layer of security in a well-secured organization?
Which of these is not considered a layer of security in a well-secured organization?
What is the purpose of examining various threat categories in an organization?
What is the purpose of examining various threat categories in an organization?
Flashcards
System Security Attacks
System Security Attacks
Attacks target systems with weak security through methods like changing attachments or URLs in emails.
Defensive Strategies
Defensive Strategies
Methods for protecting systems are often reactive responses to threats.
ICT Security
ICT Security
Protecting information systems using tools, rules, and behaviors.
System Components
System Components
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Skills Gap in Security
Skills Gap in Security
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Information Security
Information Security
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Confidentiality
Confidentiality
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Integrity
Integrity
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Availability
Availability
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Threat
Threat
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Vulnerability
Vulnerability
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Exploit
Exploit
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Attack
Attack
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Direct Attack
Direct Attack
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Indirect Attack
Indirect Attack
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Study Notes
Secure Programming Overview
- Secure programming aims to create software free from vulnerabilities.
- A secure organization has layered security, including physical, personal, operational, communication, and network security.
- Information security protects information and its systems and hardware.
- Essential resources include policy, awareness, training, and technology.
- The CIA triangle (Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability) is a key standard.
Critical Characteristics
- Confidentiality: Prevents unauthorized disclosure or exposure of information.
- Integrity: Ensures the data's completeness and accuracy (whole, uncorrupted).
- Uses methods like checksums, error correction, and retransmission.
- Availability: Guarantees timely access to information and services when needed.
Components of an Information System
- Software: Often the most complex and vulnerable component.
- Exploitations are a significant attack target.
- Hardware: Physical security is paramount.
- Laptop and flash memory security is crucial.
- Data: Highly valuable asset, frequently targeted for attacks.
- People: The weakest link, requiring thorough training to prevent social engineering attacks.
- Procedures: Inadequate procedures lead to data integrity threats.
- Networks: Traditional security measures (locks and keys) are insufficient in modern network environments.
Securing Components
- Computers can be targeted as both a subject and object of an attack.
- Attacks can use compromised systems to target other systems (indirect).
- Types of attacks:
- Direct: Hacker directly accesses a system.
- Indirect: Compromised system exploited to launch an attack.
Threats
- A threat is anything that poses danger to organization assets.
- Management must be aware of various potential threats and address them through policy, education, training, and technological controls.
Attacks
- An attack is a deliberate action exploiting vulnerabilities.
- It can damage or steal information and physical assets.
- Vulnerability is an identified weakness in the system.
- An exploit is a technique for exploiting a vulnerability.
- A vulnerability is an identified weakness in the system preventing proper functioning of controls.
Basic Problems
- User awareness and understanding of risks are often inadequate.
- Human errors, especially under stress or overload, create security vulnerabilities.
- Complex systems can mislead users, leading to incorrect actions.
- Performance degradation as a side effect of security measures should be considered.
- Users can be tricked into engaging in attacks and compromised systems.
- Experienced users are also vulnerable, such as copying authentication links or attachments.
Roots of Insecurity
- Current defensive strategies are often reactive.
- The internet's rapid growth has strained security talent.
- The availability of complex software without secure coding practices contributes to the problem.
ICT Security
- ICT (Information and Communication Technologies) are crucial for access to information via telecommunications.
- ICT security protects an organization's ICT system through product, service, and behavior controls.
- Hardware, OS and applications, and communications (including cloud – optional) are primary components of any ICT system.
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