Questions and Answers
Particles in a solid are __________.
very closely packed
On heating, the particles gain __________ and vibrate more vigorously.
energy
The solid has melted to become a __________.
liquid
The liquid has boiled to become a __________.
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Particles in a gas are __________.
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On cooling, the particles lose __________ and move slower.
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The gas has condensed to become a __________.
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The liquid has frozen to become a __________.
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As the particles lose energy, the forces of attraction between them become __________.
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Particles in a solid are …………………………...gain energy and vibrate in an ……………….
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Particles in a solid are __________ packed.
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On heating, the particles gain __________ and vibrate more vigorously.
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When the particles gain enough energy, they overcome the __________ forces of attraction between them.
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Particles in a liquid are in an __________ arrangement.
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The particles move __________ past one another in a liquid.
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On cooling, the particles in a gas lose __________.
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The gas has condensed to become a __________.
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The liquid has frozen to become a __________.
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Particles in a solid vibrate about their __________ positions.
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As particles lose energy, the forces of attraction become __________.
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Study Notes
Model of Matter: The Particulate Nature of Matter
- Matter is composed of particles that exhibit different behaviors based on their states: solid, liquid, and gas.
Changes of States
-
Melting:
- Solid particles are closely packed in an orderly arrangement.
- On heating, particles gain energy, vibrate, and overcome strong forces of attraction, transitioning to the liquid state.
-
Boiling:
- Liquid particles gain more energy and vibrate more vigorously.
- Eventually, they gain enough energy to become a gas, moving further apart and becoming disorderly.
-
Freezing:
- When cooled, liquid particles lose energy and move slower.
- As they lose energy, the forces of attraction strengthen, and the particles rearrange into a closely packed, orderly solid.
-
Condensation:
- Gas particles are initially far apart and move quickly.
- Upon cooling, they lose energy, slow down, and are pulled closer together, transitioning back to a liquid state.
Key Characteristics of Particle Behavior
-
Solid:
- Particles vibrate about fixed positions and are very closely packed.
-
Liquid:
- Particles are closely packed but can slide past one another, allowing for a disorderly arrangement.
-
Gas:
- Particles are far apart, move quickly and disorderly, with weak forces of attraction between them.
Temperature Influence on States
- Increasing temperature leads to melting (solid to liquid) or boiling (liquid to gas).
- Decreasing temperature results in freezing (liquid to solid) or condensation (gas to liquid).
Model of Matter: The Particulate Nature of Matter
- Matter is composed of particles that exhibit different behaviors based on their states: solid, liquid, and gas.
Changes of States
-
Melting:
- Solid particles are closely packed in an orderly arrangement.
- On heating, particles gain energy, vibrate, and overcome strong forces of attraction, transitioning to the liquid state.
-
Boiling:
- Liquid particles gain more energy and vibrate more vigorously.
- Eventually, they gain enough energy to become a gas, moving further apart and becoming disorderly.
-
Freezing:
- When cooled, liquid particles lose energy and move slower.
- As they lose energy, the forces of attraction strengthen, and the particles rearrange into a closely packed, orderly solid.
-
Condensation:
- Gas particles are initially far apart and move quickly.
- Upon cooling, they lose energy, slow down, and are pulled closer together, transitioning back to a liquid state.
Key Characteristics of Particle Behavior
-
Solid:
- Particles vibrate about fixed positions and are very closely packed.
-
Liquid:
- Particles are closely packed but can slide past one another, allowing for a disorderly arrangement.
-
Gas:
- Particles are far apart, move quickly and disorderly, with weak forces of attraction between them.
Temperature Influence on States
- Increasing temperature leads to melting (solid to liquid) or boiling (liquid to gas).
- Decreasing temperature results in freezing (liquid to solid) or condensation (gas to liquid).
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Description
Test your knowledge on Chapter 7 of the Secondary 1 Science syllabus, focusing on the Model of Matter and the Particulate Nature of Matter. This quiz includes various questions that assess understanding of the changes of states in matter.
