Sebaceous Glands Anatomy

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Questions and Answers

What is the function of myoepithelial cells in eccrine sweat glands?

To produce sweat

To contract and move watery secretion into the duct (correct)

To absorb ions from the water

To release a mixture of glycoproteins and bactericidal activity

Where are apocrine sweat glands confined to?

The penis and areas with no hairs

The skin of the axillary and perineal regions (correct)

The foot soles

All over the body, except for the thick skin

What is the function of sebaceous glands?

To produce sweat

To release a mixture of glycoproteins and bactericidal activity

To eliminate nitrogenous waste and excess salts

To maintain the stratum corneum and hair shafts (correct)

What type of secretion do sebaceous glands undergo?

Holocrine Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of clear cells in eccrine sweat glands?

To produce sweat and have microvilli Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of dark cells in eccrine sweat glands?

To line the lumen and do not contract the basal lamina Signup and view all the answers

Where do sebaceous glands open directly onto the skin?

In areas with no hairs Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of sebum?

A complex mixture of lipids Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of eccrine sweat glands as auxiliary organs?

To eliminate small amounts of nitrogenous waste and excess salts Signup and view all the answers

How do sebaceous glands develop?

As branched structures with multiple small sacs called acini Signup and view all the answers

What type of glands are eccrine glands compared to apocrine glands?

Smaller lumens Signup and view all the answers

What type of cells do apocrine glands consist of?

Simple cuboidal cells with numerous secretory granules Signup and view all the answers

Where do apocrine glands open into?

Hair follicle at the epidermis Signup and view all the answers

What type of glands produce pheromones?

Apocrine glands Signup and view all the answers

What type of nerve endings innervate apocrine glands?

Adrenergic nerve endings Signup and view all the answers

What type of glands are mammary glands?

Compound tubuloalveolar glands Signup and view all the answers

How many lobes do mammary glands typically consist of?

15-25 lobes Signup and view all the answers

What type of tissue separates the lobules from each other in mammary glands?

Both A and B Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the breast during pregnancy?

It undergoes enlargement due to hormones Signup and view all the answers

What type of cells line the alveoli of lactating glands?

Simple cuboidal epithelium with myoepithelial cells Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Sebaceous Glands

Found all over the body, except for the thick skin
Branched structure with multiple small sacs called acini, which join together into a short duct and open into a hair follicle
Form a pilosebaceous unit with a hair follicle
In areas with no hairs (e.g., penis), the sebaceous gland opens directly onto the skin
Produce sebum, a complex mixture of lipids, through holocrine secretion
Sebum helps maintain the stratum corneum and hair shafts, and has weak antibacterial and antifungal properties

Sweat Glands

Develop as long epidermal invaginations embedded in the dermis
Two types: eccrine and apocrine sweat glands
Eccrine sweat glands:
- Most numerous on the foot soles
- Coiled and small lumen of both secretory components and ducts
- Secretory part consists of stratified cuboidal epithelium with three types of cells (dark, clear, and myoepithelial cells)
- Produce sweat through merocrine secretion
- Ducts absorb ions from the water to prevent excessive electrolyte loss
- Function as auxiliary excretory organs, eliminating small amounts of nitrogenous waste and excess salts
Apocrine sweat glands:
- Confined to the skin of axillary and perineal regions
- Development depends on sex hormones
- Have much larger lumens than eccrine glands
- Produce pheromones
- Innervated by adrenergic nerve endings

Mammary Glands

Compound tubuloalveolar glands
Consist of 15-25 lobes
Stroma and parenchyma:
- Stroma: adipose tissue, dense CT separating the lobules from each other
- Parenchyma: consists of lactiferous ducts and alveoli
Before puberty: lactiferous sinuses and lactiferous ducts
During puberty: high estrogen levels lead to accumulation of adipose CT and increase of lactiferous ducts
Each lobule consists of several ducts that empty into one terminal duct
Lactiferous ducts are lined by simple cuboidal epithelium covered by myoepithelial cells
During pregnancy, the breast undergo enlargement due to hormones
After pregnancy, prolactin secretion leads to milk production
Alveoli of lactating glands are lined by cuboidal epithelium with myoepithelial cells
Secretory cells contain lipid droplets containing caseins (milk proteins) and lactose

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Description

Learn about the structure and function of sebaceous glands, including their location, composition, and secretion process. Understand how they relate to hair follicles and skin.