SDLC Phase 1: Defining Phase
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of requirements management?

  • To create flowcharts for problem-solving.
  • To develop the user interface.
  • To ensure the software meets ongoing expectations. (correct)
  • To gather only initial requirements.

    • Which of the following is NOT one of the two main structures of the design phase?

  • Data flow diagrams
  • Flowcharts
  • Module design (correct)
  • Algorithms

    • What does a flowchart represent in the context of system design?

  • An algorithm or a process using symbols. (correct)
  • A specific programming language syntax.
  • User feedback and requirements.
  • Code implementation details.

    • In the provided example of an algorithm, what will be printed if the marks are 35?

    <p>Fail</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which activity is least likely to be involved in gathering requirements?

    <p>Creating the data flow diagrams</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the oval symbol represent in a flowchart?

    <p>Start/Stop</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a flowchart, what is the primary function of an arrow?

    <p>To connect symbols and show direction of flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which flowchart symbol is used to indicate a decision?

    <p>Diamond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the Students' Examination System flowchart, which statement is printed if the marks are less than 40?

    <p>Fail</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the parallelogram represent in a flowchart?

    <p>Input/Output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary objective of the Defining Phase in the SDLC?

    <p>Clearly define the problem and document requirements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase involves preparing an estimate of resources required for the project?

    <p>Planning Phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is assessed during the Feasibility Phase of a project?

    <p>Strengths and weaknesses of the proposed system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of feasibility study?

    <p>Resource feasibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of the Planning Phase, what does a project plan typically include?

    <p>An analysis of project objectives and resource estimates.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is primarily evaluated during a feasibility study?

    <p>Technical, financial, legal, and operational aspects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the Feasibility study considered an important step in the SDLC?

    <p>It provides a basis for decision-making regarding project viability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase would include reviewing the approved requirements with stakeholders?

    <p>Defining Phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main activity during the construction phase of software development?

    <p>Executing the designs from the design phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes coding?

    <p>Writing source code in programming languages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the provided C++ code, what will be output if the percentage entered is 45?

    <p>Pass</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does test data play during the construction phase?

    <p>It helps refine the code through multiple processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which phase is the code generated for the data flow process?

    <p>Construction or coding phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key question that the project team asks during the analysis phase?

    <p>Can the proposed software or system be developed with the available resources and budget?</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best defines functional requirements?

    <p>Functionalities needed by users to accomplish their tasks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which step of requirement engineering are market requirements typically analyzed?

    <p>Requirement gathering</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes requirement validation from requirement verification?

    <p>Validation examines if requirements meet stakeholder intentions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of the analysis phase in project management?

    <p>To determine end-user requirements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of requirement gathering activity?

    <p>Developing system modules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of requirement specifies how well the system performs its duties?

    <p>Non-functional requirements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of improvements might the project team suggest during the analysis phase?

    <p>Enhancing the existing system's features.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of the Pilot method in system implementation?

    <p>To train a small group of users before full deployment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes system maintenance in the SDLC?

    <p>It involves continuous monitoring for performance and necessary modifications.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens if modifications are identified during system maintenance?

    <p>The system may move back to the planning phase.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which implementation method allows for a gradual transition from an old system to a new system?

    <p>Phased Operation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a method of deployment/implementation in the SDLC?

    <p>Maintenance Operation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    SDLC Phases Overview

    • Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) encompasses various phases to guide the development of software systems.

    Defining Phase

    • Clearly define the problem or system to be developed.
    • Document and approve requirements from customers or stakeholders.
    • Example project: Development of a Students' Examination System to manage exams and results.

    Planning Phase

    • Determine project objectives and required resources (personnel, costs).
    • Analyze alternatives to creating a new product.
    • Assemble project information into a plan; present to management for approval.

    Feasibility Study

    • Assess strengths and weaknesses of proposed systems.
    • Explore various types:
      • Technical Feasibility
      • Economic Feasibility
      • Operational Feasibility
      • Legal Feasibility
      • Schedule Feasibility
    • Example project: Evaluate all types of feasibility for the Students' Examination System before management approval.

    Analysis Phase

    • Identify end-user requirements through client focus groups.
    • Assess if project resources and budget can meet requirements.
    • Examine existing systems to determine if replacement is needed.
    • Example project: Analyze the current examination system’s performance and suggest improvements.

    Requirement Engineering

    • Identify and communicate the purpose of the software system.
    • Encompasses:
      • Requirement Gathering
      • Requirement Validation
      • Requirements Management

    Requirement Gathering

    • Conduct meetings with customers to collect functional and non-functional requirements.
    • Functional Requirements: Specify necessary software functionalities.
    • Non-Functional Requirements: Criteria for judging system operation quality.

    Requirement Validation

    • Ensure requirements align with stakeholder intentions through examination.

    Requirements Management

    • Adapt to changing expectations and regulations to maintain effective software performance.
    • Example project: Utilize interviews, questionnaires, and existing documentation to gather information for the system.

    Design Phase

    • Develop data flow and system architecture.
    • Create user interface mock-ups for developers.
    • Key structures:
      • Algorithms: Step-by-step procedures for problem-solving.
      • Flowcharts: Diagrams representing algorithms through symbols.

    Flowchart Symbols

    • Oval: Indicates Start/Stop of flowchart.
    • Arrow: Shows direction of flow between processes.
    • Parallelogram: Represents Input/Output actions.
    • Rectangle: Indicates a process or operation.
    • Diamond: Represents decision points in the flow.

    Example Flowchart

    • Depicts the algorithm for evaluating student marks:
      • Start ➔ Read Marks ➔ Decision: Marks >= 40? ➔ Print "Pass" or "Fail" ➔ Stop.

    Construction or Coding Phase

    • Translate design plans into code and user interfaces.
    • Prepare and refine test data throughout the coding process.
    • Example project: Students' Examination System coding in C++.

    Implementation Methods

    • Pilot: New system installed for a small group; evaluate before full deployment.
    • Direct Cutover, Parallel Operation, and Phased Operation are other deployment methods transitioning from old to new systems.

    Maintenance/Support Phase

    • Continuously monitor system performance according to user requirements.
    • Implement modifications as necessary, with potential to revisit earlier phases.
    • Maintenance can involve repairs, modifications, or enhancements to the existing system.

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    Description

    This quiz focuses on the defining phase of the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC). Learn how to clearly define a problem and document all requirements that are essential for developing a system, illustrated through the example of a Students' Examination System. Test your understanding of the requirements gathering process and its importance in software development.

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