Scientific Research Methodology
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary focus of applied research?

  • Exploring fundamental scientific principles
  • Conducting research only for academic interest
  • Acquisition of theoretical knowledge without application
  • Providing answers to real-world problems (correct)

    • Which of the following is NOT considered a main concern in scholarly production?

  • Plagiarism
  • Ethics
  • Marketing strategies (correct)
  • Copyright

    • What does plagiarism encompass?

  • Proper citation of all sources
  • Misappropriation of another's ideas (correct)
  • Paraphrasing without attribution
  • Acknowledging collaborative work

    • Which attribute is essential for research design in Information Technology?

    <p>Being based on scientifically valid philosophical stances (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of basic research?

    <p>It is focused on acquiring knowledge without immediate application. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a goal of applied research?

    <p>Increasing theoretical knowledge (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be avoided in the analytical discussion of research?

    <p>Speculation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key requirement for the final research output?

    <p>It should have a verifiable conclusion. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of conducting research?

    <p>To explore uncertainties and gaps in knowledge (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is NOT one of the six Ps that qualify an inquiry as research according to Oates?

    <p>Protection (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does prediction imply in the context of research?

    <p>The likelihood of future events occurring based on evidence. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In research, what does the prefix 're' signify?

    <p>To repeat or examine again (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is 'intelligent intervention' characterized in research?

    <p>An understanding of how to help effectively and efficiently. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which step should be taken AFTER formulating a research problem?

    <p>Design the research study (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does scientific research primarily involve?

    <p>A systematic, controlled, and empirical investigation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary aim of research as described?

    <p>To investigate a problem systematically. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'awareness' imply in the context of research?

    <p>An understanding gained from unforeseen failures. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a critical part of conducting research?

    <p>Designing a sampling strategy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes 'scientific paradigm' in research?

    <p>A systematic approach to exploring research questions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What describes the relationship of the various phenomena in research?

    <p>Hypothetical propositions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Information Technology research must utilize which of the following methodologies?

    <p>Various scientific methodologies including quantitative and qualitative. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must be done after data is collected in the research process?

    <p>Process and analyze the collected data (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does research imply when there is no immediate plan to use the findings?

    <p>The knowledge created may still be valuable. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which sector is Information Technology research NOT typically growing?

    <p>Space exploration. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key outcome of high-quality Information Technology research?

    <p>Technical soundness (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following activities does not typically qualify as academic research?

    <p>Materials testing in engineering (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a defining feature of descriptive research?

    <p>Manages to collect data for a definite purpose (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is necessary for research to yield structured findings?

    <p>A rigorous methodological design (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following outcomes is associated with high-quality research?

    <p>Contribution to existing knowledge (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is descriptive research limited in its approach?

    <p>It only provides simplistic recommendations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect is not a characteristic of research deemed as academic?

    <p>Lack of significance to a knowledge community (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an implication of lacking methodological design in research?

    <p>Unstructured findings with limited evidence (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the primary aims of scientific research?

    <p>To fill knowledge gaps (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which discipline is NOT specifically mentioned as being part of contemporary research in digital transformation?

    <p>Biotechnology (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is emphasized as a criterion of good research?

    <p>Systematic structure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does empirical research imply?

    <p>Conclusions are based on hard evidence from real-life experiences (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following aspects does NOT relate to the methodological approaches in digital transformation?

    <p>Standardization of business processes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the challenges faced by IT students when starting their research journey?

    <p>Designing the research study (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Logical reasoning in research involves which of the following processes?

    <p>Induction from specific to general and deduction from general to specific (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does it mean for research to be valid and verifiable?

    <p>It involves accurate observation and description (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of theoretical research?

    <p>To explore and examine ideas (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does basic research contribute to economic growth?

    <p>By creating new industries and markets through scientific discoveries (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does simulation play in research?

    <p>To study complex systems that are difficult to observe in reality (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a critical element for successful IT research writing?

    <p>The inclusion of visualizations like graphs and diagrams (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outcome of participants being randomly assigned in a marketing research study?

    <p>A conclusive determination of cause-and-effect relationships (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What drives theoretical research?

    <p>The desire to explore new frontiers of knowledge (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of research primarily aims for increasing knowledge rather than immediate application?

    <p>Theoretical research (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What technological advancements can be attributed to basic research?

    <p>Invention of the smartphone and internet (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Scientific Research Methodology

    • Research is a process used to discover new knowledge.
    • Understanding the universe of knowledge requires effective research.
    • Research helps to uncover uncertainties and knowledge gaps.
    • Research requires a structured sequence of steps.
    • The steps vary depending on the type of research.

    Meaning of Research

    • "Research" is derived from two syllables: "re" and "search".
    • "Re" means again, new, or over again.
    • "Search" means close examination, testing, and probing.
    • Research is the act of searching for facts and answers to existing problems.
    • Research is a systematic, controlled, empirical, and critical investigation.
    • Research is a systematic investigation into a problem to find answers.

    Types of Research

    • Basic/Fundamental/Theoretical Research: This type of research aims to increase knowledge without a direct application. It can later become relevant and usable.

    • Applied/Practice-Oriented/Trade-Oriented Research: This research focuses on finding solutions to real-world problems. It often addresses practical/developmental interests, and can be linked to research and development efforts.

    • Examples of Applied Research topics: Increasing output, improving quality, improving function, or cost-reduction.

    • Basic research is essential for advancing theoretical knowledge, with a possible direct application further down the line

    • These research types are often applied in the production of services and goods.

    Research Attributes

    • Research design should align with philosophical stances in the specific field of study.
    • Research approaches must be proven reliable and dependable, and directly related to research questions.
    • Research design should avoid unscientific hypotheses, subjectivism, and bias.

    Research Quality Criteria

    • Systematic: A set of structured rules following steps in a specified sequence.
    • Empirical: Conclusions are based on real life experiences.
    • Valid and verifiable: Accurate observations and descriptions.
    • Logical: Using specific reasoning techniques from general to specific.

    Research Objectives

    • Exploratory research: Used to gain an understanding of a phenomenon or achieve new insights.
    • Descriptive research: Describes characteristics of an individual, situation, or group.
    • Diagnostic Research: Determines the frequency of occurrences or associations between events.
    • Hypothesis-testing research (experimental): Tests causal relationships between variables.
    • Explorative: An initial understanding of a topic or area
    • Descriptive: The act of understanding what is currently happening
    • Explanatory: Understanding how something happens by identifying cause and effect

    Research Qualities for Success

    • Thorough review and assessment of existing knowledge or related works
    • Significance for the audience/community/practitioners
    • Technical soundness of work
    • Demonstrating originality and a contribution to knowledge in the field

    Research Cycle

    • Research is a continuous cycle of discovery and knowledge creation, outlined through the steps of:
      • identifying the problem;
      • forming the research question/hypothesis;
      • finding/testing consequences;
      • determining outcomes (evidence-based);
      • and evaluating the hypothesis leading to new questions or conclusions..

    What is NOT Academic Research

    • Not all IT projects qualify as research projects.
    • Examples: Materials testing, component identification, feasibility studies, software design (unless accompanied by written specifications/design analysis)
    • In general, general-purpose data collection lacking a formal design does not fit research criteria.

    Philosophical Research Design

    • Rigorous methodology is necessary for establishing structure and supporting conclusions.
    • Qualitative or quantitative designs provide essential evidence and support for further exploration and analysis.

    Some Types of Research in IT Research

    • Descriptive: Describing a phenomenon or object.
    • Exploratory: Investigating an unfamiliar problem or topic seeking background.
    • Applied: Addressing real-world solutions by adapting existing knowledge to present problems.
    • Experimental: Determining the impact of one variable or condition through controlled experiments or tests.
    • Theoretical: Expanding knowledge and understanding about a particular topic; exploring ideas where existing theory is limited or flawed

    Quality in Research Writing

    • Quality writing is vital for documenting research findings.
    • Combines text, tables, figures, graphs, diagrams, and visualizations in research reports, dissertations, and theses.
    • Visualization software in the 2020s permits highly complex diagrams to aid with the presentation of ideas.

    Ideas for Quality Scholarly Writing

    • Understanding emerging trends in the field
    • Utilizing comprehensive online resources
    • Demonstrating theoretical foundations with appropriate sources
    • Engaging in the field relevant to the research topic through conferences/presentations
    • Leveraging supervision for improvement

    Ethics and Plagiarism

    • Researchers should avoid plagiarism and intellectual property theft.
    • Maintain originality in writing and scholarly production.
    • Avoid substantial unattributed copying of existing work.

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    Scientific Research Methodology PDF

    Description

    Explore the essential concepts and types of scientific research through this engaging quiz. Understand the structured process of research and its significance in uncovering knowledge gaps. Test your understanding of research terminology and methodologies.

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