Scientific Research Methodology

Systematic research, in which steps are followed sequentially to answer a research question.

Research based on real-world evidence, gathered through observations and experiences.

Research where conclusions are verifiable and can be tested by others, ensuring accuracy and repeatability.

Research utilizing logical reasoning, moving from generalizations to specific cases (deduction) or from specific examples to broad conclusions (induction).

A systematic process for discovering and advancing knowledge by examining uncertainties and uncovering gaps.

Investigating a problem using a controlled, empirical, and critical approach to find a solution or answer.

A statement or question describing the focus of the research.

A well-defined plan outlining the methods and procedures used to conduct the research.

Collecting data through observation, surveys, experiments, or other suitable methods.

Analyzing the collected data using statistical tools or qualitative techniques to extract meaningful patterns.

Presenting research results in a clear and concise manner, often using tables, graphs, and written reports.

A formal document outlining the research problem, design, methods, and expected outcomes.

Understanding the causes and effects of events, like seeing if a program increases self-esteem.

Using knowledge to predict future outcomes, like estimating if another group will have higher self-esteem.

Using understanding to improve and help more effectively.

A set of beliefs and assumptions that guide scientific research.

The principles that guide ethical conduct in research.

The philosophical foundations of research, including its goals and methods.

Collecting and analyzing data to improve and advance information technology in solving problems like agricultural production and health services.

Using another person's work without giving them credit. It involves stealing ideas, misappropriating intellectual property, or copying text without attribution.

This research focuses on gaining knowledge without any specific application in mind. The findings might be useful later but the primary goal is knowledge acquisition.

This research directly addresses real-world problems and seeks solutions for practical issues. It aims to use knowledge for development or improvement.

A well-designed research plan should be based on a clear philosophical framework, accepted scientific principles, and reliable techniques relevant to the research topic.

The research design should employ validated methods and techniques that are reliable, accurate, and suitable for the research problem.

The research should avoid biases, subjective opinions, and poorly formulated hypotheses. It should be objective and evidence-based.

Research analysis should focus on presenting well-reasoned arguments and avoid speculation. It should adhere to established scientific principles and methods.

Research should be conducted within a controlled environment (quantitative research) or a clearly defined scope (both quantitative and qualitative).

Research designed to understand cause-and-effect relationships between variables. It involves manipulating one variable (independent variable) to observe its effect on another (dependent variable).

Research aimed at exploring and extending existing theories. It focuses on gaining deeper understanding, not immediate practical solutions.

A research method that involves creating a computer model of a real-world phenomenon to study its behavior and predict outcomes. Useful for complex systems.

Basic research's ability to drive economic growth by creating new industries and markets based on scientific discoveries.

Advancements in technology, such as the internet, smartphones, and other electronic devices, are often the result of basic research in various fields.

High-quality research writing involves using a combination of text, tables, figures, graphs, diagrams, and visualizations to effectively communicate research findings.

Visualization software enables researchers to create complex diagrams to visualize the insights generated by their research.

Research that aims to describe a phenomenon, gathering data for a specific purpose, offering limited analysis and simple recommendations. It focuses on collecting data rather than theory building.

A research project that lacks a rigorous methodology, resulting in unstructured findings without qualitative or quantitative attributes. This means there is no evidence to support data collection and analysis.

Characteristics that are crucial for conducting high-quality Information Technology research. These attributes ensure the research is relevant, technically sound, and contributes to the body of knowledge.

The ongoing process of discovering and generating knowledge. The process is cyclical and involves steps such as defining a problem, collecting data, analyzing findings, and drawing conclusions.

A research design focused on understanding and interpreting meanings, experiences, and perspectives. It involves exploring complex phenomena through in-depth analysis and capturing the nuances of human behavior.

A research design focused on measuring and quantifying variables. It involves collecting numerical data and using statistical methods to analyze relationships and draw generalizations.

A research process that ensures a systematic, logical, and objective approach. It involves defining a clear research question, selecting appropriate methods, collecting and analyzing data, and interpreting findings.

A research project that makes novel and original contributions to the body of knowledge. It adds new insights, challenges existing theories, or develops new technologies.