Scientific Research: Data Representation
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Questions and Answers

What is the unit of measurement for mass in the International System of Units (SI)?

  • kilogram (correct)
  • second
  • ampere
  • metre

    • A derived quantity can be measured directly without any calculations.

    False

    What is the unit for measuring temperature in the SI system?

    kelvin

    The standard unit of measurement for length is the ______.

    <p>metre</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a base quantity in the SI system?

    <p>Volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The SI system uses arbitrary definitions for its fundamental units.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the symbol for electric current in the SI system?

    <p>A</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following quantities with their corresponding unit of measurement:

    <p>Length = metre Mass = kilogram Time = second Temperature = kelvin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the scientific method?

    <p>To solve problems through observation and experimentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A hypothesis must be untestable in order to be valid.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an independent variable in an experiment?

    <p>The factor that is being manipulated or changed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ability of a substance to be dissolved is called __________.

    <p>solubility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the stages of the scientific method with their descriptions.

    <p>Observation = Asking questions based on what is seen Hypothesis = An idea to be tested through experimentation Experiment = A controlled procedure to test the hypothesis Conclusion = Analyzing the results to determine if the hypothesis is supported</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must be kept constant in an experiment?

    <p>All factors except the one being tested</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Increasing water temperature decreases the solubility of sugar in water.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of repeating an experiment?

    <p>To ensure reliability and accuracy of the results.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which variable is always plotted on the x-axis?

    <p>Independent variable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A hyperbola represents an inversely proportional relationship between two variables.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the gradient represent in the equation y = a × x + b?

    <p>The rate at which the dependent variable changes with respect to the independent variable.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the equation y = k/x, 'k' represents the __________ constant.

    <p>proportionality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following types of correlation with their descriptions:

    <p>Directly proportional = Graph shows a straight line through the origin Inversely proportional = Graph forms a hyperbola Proportional to the square = Graph forms a parabola No correlation = No identifiable relationship between variables</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following equations describes a directly proportional relationship?

    <p>y = a × x</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An intercept in a graph indicates the point where the line crosses the x-axis only.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which shape represents the graph of a dependent variable that changes at the same rate as the square of the independent variable?

    <p>Parabola</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the independent variable in the experiment?

    <p>Temperature of the water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    As the temperature of the water decreases, the amount of sugar that dissolves increases.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between temperature and the solubility of sugar in water?

    <p>As temperature increases, the solubility of sugar in water increases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ________ variable is the amount of sugar dissolved in the water.

    <p>dependent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following temperatures with the corresponding amount of sugar dissolved:

    <p>30 °C = 219 g 40 °C = 238 g 50 °C = 260 g 70 °C = 320 g</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you never do when using a pipette?

    <p>Suck up a reactant using your mouth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factors are considered control variables in this experiment?

    <p>Amount of water and type of sugar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Scientific theories can explain the laws but are not subject to change once established.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    You can store food and drink in the laboratory if the area is clean.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct order when mixing an acid with water?

    <p>Add acid to water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a scientific law predict?

    <p>It predicts the value of the dependent variable for new independent variables.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Always wear __________ when working in the laboratory.

    <p>gloves and a lab coat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following safety precautions with their descriptions:

    <p>Wear gloves = Protects hands from chemicals Handle glass with care = Prevents breakage Do not touch electrical appliances = Avoids electric shock Wash hands before leaving = Prevents contamination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which item should you use to heat test tubes safely?

    <p>A metal clamp</p> Signup and view all the answers

    It is safe to inhale the contents of chemical containers if you hold your breath.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flammable substances should not be handled near __________.

    <p>heat sources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Representing Data with Tables and Graphs

    • Graphs illustrate correlations between independent (x-axis) and dependent variables (y-axis).
    • Directly proportional correlation results in a straight line through the origin; described by the equation y = a × x.
    • If the graph does not pass through the origin, the relationship is expressed as y = a × x + b, where b is the intercept.
    • Inversely proportional relationships yield hyperbolas, represented by the equation y = k/x.
    • Proportional to the square relationships produce parabolas, summarized by the equation y = a × x².

    Quantities and Units

    • Measurement involves comparing a quantity with a standard unit.
    • Fundamental quantities include length (metre), mass (kilogram), time (second), temperature (kelvin), amount of substance (mole), electric current (ampere), and luminous intensity (candela).
    • Derived quantities like volume, acceleration, and force are calculated from base quantities.

    Stages of the Scientific Method

    • Step 1: Observation and question formulation based on observed phenomena.
    • Step 2: Hypothesis development that suggests potential relationships among variables.
    • Step 3: Experimentation under controlled conditions to test the hypothesis; only one parameter (independent variable) is altered at a time.
    • Step 4: Result analysis through tabulation and graphical representation to interpret data and draw conclusions.
    • Step 5: Development of scientific laws and theories based on proven hypotheses.

    Experimental Design Considerations

    • Independent variable: temperature of water; dependent variable: amount of sugar dissolved.
    • Control variables include the amount of water and type of sugar.
    • Safety measures in the laboratory must be adhered to, such as wearing gloves, using safety glasses, and proper handling of chemicals.

    Lab Safety Guidelines

    • Use appropriate labeling and protection when handling chemicals.
    • Avoid consuming food in the laboratory environment; wash hands before leaving.
    • Handle glassware carefully and do not use flammable materials near heat sources.
    • Always dilute acids in water to reduce risk of splashing.
    • Dispose of waste correctly; do not pour chemicals down toilets.

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    Related Documents

    Unit 1 Scientific Research PDF

    Description

    This quiz explores the concepts of representing data using tables and graphs, focusing on the correlation between variables. Understand how to visualize research results effectively through graphical methods.

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