Scientific Photography in Forensic Science

Podcast Beta

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What does the term 'photography' literally mean?

Writing with light

Capturing images

Recording visual data

Drawing with light (correct)

What is the purpose of using color correction filters in photography?

To enhance contrast for a colored object

To emphasize/de-emphasize certain colored portions of a multi-colored subject

To gather a portion of light emitted or reflected by an object

To adjust color temperature of light source to match the film being used (correct)

What type of film is used to visualize patterns and phenomena not detectable with the naked eye?

Infrared sensitive film (correct)

Daylight film

Tungsten (photoflood lamp) film

Electronic flash film

Which type of illumination is characterized by use with black & white film and emphasizing/de-emphasizing certain colored portions of a multi-colored subject?

Artificial illumination Signup and view all the answers

What is the color temperature of electronic flash in photography?

~6000K Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using filters in photography?

To bleach out or enhance contrast for a colored object Signup and view all the answers

What does 'photograph' literally mean?

Light drawing Signup and view all the answers

What type of film is designed for use with specific color temperature sources like daylight and electronic flash?

Color films Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using unidirectional lighting in photography?

Use with black & white film Signup and view all the answers

What is the ideal source used to develop the concept of color temperature?

Black body radiator Signup and view all the answers

What does the color temperature of an incandescent continuous source represent?

The temperature to which a theoretical blackbody must be heated to emit the same distribution of wavelengths Signup and view all the answers

What do lenses use to alter color temperature of a light source?

Color correction filters Signup and view all the answers

What is lens speed expressed as?

$f$-number Signup and view all the answers

What are fast films based on in photographic film types?

$ISO$ or $ASA$ number Signup and view all the answers

In digital photography, what are images captured electronically using?

$CCD$ or $CMOS$ sensors Signup and view all the answers

What is digital resolution in photography approaching that of?

High-resolution film Signup and view all the answers

What does ISO measure in digital photography?

Sensitivity of the image sensor Signup and view all the answers

What is white balance in digital photography analogous to for film?

Color temperature choices Signup and view all the answers

What are modern cameras equipped with for fine-tuning and capturing capabilities?

Lens and digital resolution capabilities Signup and view all the answers

What do photographic film types depend on for fast and slow films?

Illumination source and film speed Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary control of image density in photography?

Aperture setting (f/#) Signup and view all the answers

In photography, what does a 'stop' refer to?

Incremental parameters for aperture size, shutter speed, and ISO (film speed) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of an 18% gray card in exposure determination?

To provide an accurate assessment of the illumination available for image capture Signup and view all the answers

What does reciprocity failure refer to in photography?

Failure of the film to respond to equivalent exposure settings at extremes of exposure Signup and view all the answers

Which camera setting is desirable when there is rapid movement between the camera and subject?

$f/2.8$ @ $1/1000$ Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using an incident light meter in photography?

To measure level/intensity of light falling on the subject Signup and view all the answers

What is a neutral card used for in photography?

To provide an accurate assessment of available illumination for image capture Signup and view all the answers

What is bracketing with (+) and (-) exposures used for in photography?

To obtain equivalent exposures by simultaneously increasing the aperture one stop while decreasing the shutter speed one stop and vice versa. Signup and view all the answers

What type of lenses are better for achieving a better depth of field in photography?

Wide angle lenses with small aperture openings. Signup and view all the answers

What does ISO 125 $f/8$ @ $1/250$ represent in photography?

A specific combination of aperture, shutter speed, and ISO setting. Signup and view all the answers

What is better achieved with small aperture openings in photography?

Improved clarity and sharpness in photographs. Signup and view all the answers

What does a range of acceptable focus closer to and further away from the camera refer to in photography?

Depth of field Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of color correction filters in photography?

To adjust the color temperature of the light source to match the film being used Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'photography' literally mean?

Drawing with light Signup and view all the answers

What type of film is designed for use with specific color temperature sources like daylight and electronic flash?

Daylight film Signup and view all the answers

What is the analytical value of using photography in forensic science?

Visualizing patterns and phenomena not detectable with the naked eye Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using unidirectional lighting in photography?

Use with black & white film and emphasizing/de-emphasizing certain colored portions of a multi-colored subject Signup and view all the answers

What is the measure of the light gathering power of a lens in photography?

Lens speed, expressed as the f-number Signup and view all the answers

What is the digital analog to color temperature choices for film in photography?

White balance Signup and view all the answers

What are photographic film types based on?

The illumination source and film speed Signup and view all the answers

What is used to alter color temperature of a light source in photography?

Color correction filters Signup and view all the answers

What is slowly approaching that of high-resolution film in digital photography?

Digital resolution Signup and view all the answers

What is a measure of the sensitivity of the image sensor in digital photography?

ISO Signup and view all the answers

What are modern cameras equipped with for fine-tuning and capturing capabilities?

Conveniences for fine-tuning, and lens and digital resolution capabilities Signup and view all the answers

What type of lenses use color correction filters to alter color temperature of a light source?

All types of lenses Signup and view all the answers

What does digital resolution in photography refer to?

The sharpness and clarity of an image captured digitally Signup and view all the answers

What does lens speed, expressed as the f-number, measure in photography?

Light gathering power of a lens Signup and view all the answers

In digital photography, what are images captured electronically using?

CCD or CMOS sensors Signup and view all the answers

What is used to develop the concept of color temperature in relation to incandescent sources?

Black body radiator Signup and view all the answers

What is reciprocity failure in photography?

Failure of the film to respond to equivalent exposure settings at extremes of exposure. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of an 18% gray card in exposure determination?

To provide an accurate assessment of the illumination available for image capture. Signup and view all the answers

What does a 'stop' refer to in photography?

Incremental parameters for aperture size, shutter speed, and ISO (film speed). Signup and view all the answers

What is bracketing with (+) and (-) exposures used for in photography?

To obtain different exposures by adjusting aperture or shutter speed in half stop increments. Signup and view all the answers

What is primary control of image density provided by in photography?

Exposure settings on the camera: the f/# and the shutter speed. Signup and view all the answers

What does ISO measure in digital photography?

The film speed or sensitivity to light. Signup and view all the answers

What does a leaf shutter refer to in photography?

A type of shutter located within the lens. Signup and view all the answers

What does a focal plane shutter refer to in photography?

A type of shutter located in front of the film plane, most commonly used. Signup and view all the answers

What do equivalent exposures refer to in photography?

Obtaining the same exposure by simultaneously increasing aperture while decreasing shutter speed, or vice versa. Signup and view all the answers

Photography is not used in forensic science for visual documentation method

False Signup and view all the answers

Photographic films are not sensitive to visible light

False Signup and view all the answers

Color correction filters are not used to adjust color temperature of light source in photography

False Signup and view all the answers

Color temperature is not important in photography

False Signup and view all the answers

Filters are not used to alter color temperature of a light source in photography

False Signup and view all the answers

Daylight film is designed for use with color temperature of 3200K

False Signup and view all the answers

Infrared sensitive film is not used to visualize patterns and phenomena not detectable with the naked eye

False Signup and view all the answers

Photography has no analytical value in visualizing patterns and phenomena not detectable with the naked eye

False Signup and view all the answers

Shutters provide automatic control of exposure times; mechanically or electronically timed.

True Signup and view all the answers

The primary control of image density in photography is provided by the ISO setting and the aperture setting.

False Signup and view all the answers

In photography, a 'stop' refers to incremental parameters for aperture size, shutter speed, and ISO (film speed).

True Signup and view all the answers

Equivalent exposures can be obtained by simultaneously increasing the aperture one stop while decreasing the shutter speed one stop.

True Signup and view all the answers

The f/2.8 aperture setting corresponds to a larger opening compared to the f/4 aperture setting.

True Signup and view all the answers

The depth of field is better achieved with wide angle lenses or small aperture openings.

True Signup and view all the answers

Incident light meters measure the level/intensity of light falling on the subject in photography.

True Signup and view all the answers

Reciprocity failure refers to the failure of the film to respond to equivalent exposure settings at extremes of exposure.

True Signup and view all the answers

Bracketing with (+) and (-) exposures is used to obtain different exposure variations in photography.

True Signup and view all the answers

The reflectance of an 18% gray card is the same for all wavelengths, making it a neutral card in exposure determination.

True Signup and view all the answers

The ideal source for developing the concept of color temperature is an incandescent continuous source.

False Signup and view all the answers

Modern cameras are equipped with unidirectional lighting for fine-tuning and capturing capabilities.

False Signup and view all the answers

Color temperature is measured in Kelvin and relates temperature to the distribution of wavelengths given off by an incandescent source.

True Signup and view all the answers

Real sources can never approach the behavior of a black body radiator and are referred to as grey bodies.

False Signup and view all the answers

Lenses alter the distance between the lens and the film for focusing, with different types of lenses available for specific purposes.

True Signup and view all the answers

Lens speed, expressed as the f-number, is a measure of the light gathering power of a lens, with better quality lenses having fixed apertures.

False Signup and view all the answers

Fast films have higher ISO or ASA numbers, while slow films have lower ISO or ASA numbers.

False Signup and view all the answers

In digital photography, images are captured electronically using CCD or CMOS sensors.

True Signup and view all the answers

Digital resolution in photography is already approaching that of high-resolution film, with ISO being a measure of the sensitivity of the image sensor.

False Signup and view all the answers

White balance in digital photography is not the digital analog to color temperature choices for film.

False Signup and view all the answers

Modern cameras have conveniences for fine-tuning, with lens and digital resolution capabilities being the most important parameters.

True Signup and view all the answers

The camera is a light-tight enclosure with a lens and a light-sensitive detector mounted in proper position.

True Signup and view all the answers

Photographic film types are not based on the illumination source and film speed.

False Signup and view all the answers

The color temperature of an incandescent continuous source is not the temperature to which the theoretical blackbody must be heated to emit the same distribution of wavelengths.

False Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Photography and Color Temperature

Color temperature relates temperature (K) to the distribution of wavelengths given off by an incandescent source.
The ideal source is a perfect absorber and emitter of radiation, referred to as a black body radiator, used to develop the concept of color temperature.
Real sources can approach the behavior of a black body radiator and are referred to as grey bodies.
The color temperature of an incandescent continuous source is the temperature to which the theoretical blackbody must be heated to emit the same distribution of wavelengths.
Lenses use color correction filters to alter color temperature of a light source by preferential absorption of wavelengths from one end of the spectrum.
Lenses alter the distance between the lens and the film for focusing, with different types of lenses available for specific purposes.
Lens speed, expressed as the f-number, is a measure of the light gathering power of a lens, with better quality lenses having adjustable apertures.
Photographic film types are based on the illumination source and film speed, with fast films having higher ISO or ASA # and slow films having lower ISO or ASA #.
In digital photography, instead of film, images are captured electronically using CCD or CMOS sensors.
Digital resolution in photography is slowly approaching that of high-resolution film, with ISO being a measure of the sensitivity of the image sensor.
White balance in digital photography is the digital analog to color temperature choices for film.
The camera is a light-tight enclosure with a lens and a light-sensitive detector mounted in proper position, with modern cameras having conveniences for fine-tuning, and lens and digital resolution capabilities being the most important parameters.

Photography and Color Temperature

Color temperature relates temperature (K) to the distribution of wavelengths given off by an incandescent source.
The ideal source is a perfect absorber and emitter of radiation, referred to as a black body radiator, used to develop the concept of color temperature.
Real sources can approach the behavior of a black body radiator and are referred to as grey bodies.
The color temperature of an incandescent continuous source is the temperature to which the theoretical blackbody must be heated to emit the same distribution of wavelengths.
Lenses use color correction filters to alter color temperature of a light source by preferential absorption of wavelengths from one end of the spectrum.
Lenses alter the distance between the lens and the film for focusing, with different types of lenses available for specific purposes.
Lens speed, expressed as the f-number, is a measure of the light gathering power of a lens, with better quality lenses having adjustable apertures.
Photographic film types are based on the illumination source and film speed, with fast films having higher ISO or ASA # and slow films having lower ISO or ASA #.
In digital photography, instead of film, images are captured electronically using CCD or CMOS sensors.
Digital resolution in photography is slowly approaching that of high-resolution film, with ISO being a measure of the sensitivity of the image sensor.
White balance in digital photography is the digital analog to color temperature choices for film.
The camera is a light-tight enclosure with a lens and a light-sensitive detector mounted in proper position, with modern cameras having conveniences for fine-tuning, and lens and digital resolution capabilities being the most important parameters.

Photography and Color Temperature

Color temperature relates temperature (K) to the distribution of wavelengths given off by an incandescent source.
The ideal source is a perfect absorber and emitter of radiation, referred to as a black body radiator, used to develop the concept of color temperature.
Real sources can approach the behavior of a black body radiator and are referred to as grey bodies.
The color temperature of an incandescent continuous source is the temperature to which the theoretical blackbody must be heated to emit the same distribution of wavelengths.
Lenses use color correction filters to alter color temperature of a light source by preferential absorption of wavelengths from one end of the spectrum.
Lenses alter the distance between the lens and the film for focusing, with different types of lenses available for specific purposes.
Lens speed, expressed as the f-number, is a measure of the light gathering power of a lens, with better quality lenses having adjustable apertures.
Photographic film types are based on the illumination source and film speed, with fast films having higher ISO or ASA # and slow films having lower ISO or ASA #.
In digital photography, instead of film, images are captured electronically using CCD or CMOS sensors.
Digital resolution in photography is slowly approaching that of high-resolution film, with ISO being a measure of the sensitivity of the image sensor.
White balance in digital photography is the digital analog to color temperature choices for film.
The camera is a light-tight enclosure with a lens and a light-sensitive detector mounted in proper position, with modern cameras having conveniences for fine-tuning, and lens and digital resolution capabilities being the most important parameters.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Explore the application of scientific photography in forensic science, covering topics such as color temperature, lenses, photographic film, digital photography, camera design, and function. Understand the purpose and essential role of using photography in crime scene documentation and evidence details.