Scientific Photography in Forensic Science
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Questions and Answers

What does the term 'photography' literally mean?

  • Writing with light
  • Capturing images
  • Recording visual data
  • Drawing with light (correct)

    • What is the purpose of using color correction filters in photography?

  • To enhance contrast for a colored object
  • To emphasize/de-emphasize certain colored portions of a multi-colored subject
  • To gather a portion of light emitted or reflected by an object
  • To adjust color temperature of light source to match the film being used (correct)

    • What type of film is used to visualize patterns and phenomena not detectable with the naked eye?

  • Infrared sensitive film (correct)
  • Daylight film
  • Tungsten (photoflood lamp) film
  • Electronic flash film

    • Which type of illumination is characterized by use with black & white film and emphasizing/de-emphasizing certain colored portions of a multi-colored subject?

    <p>Artificial illumination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the color temperature of electronic flash in photography?

    <p>~6000K</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using filters in photography?

    <p>To bleach out or enhance contrast for a colored object</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'photograph' literally mean?

    <p>Light drawing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of film is designed for use with specific color temperature sources like daylight and electronic flash?

    <p>Color films</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using unidirectional lighting in photography?

    <p>Use with black &amp; white film</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ideal source used to develop the concept of color temperature?

    <p>Black body radiator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the color temperature of an incandescent continuous source represent?

    <p>The temperature to which a theoretical blackbody must be heated to emit the same distribution of wavelengths</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do lenses use to alter color temperature of a light source?

    <p>Color correction filters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is lens speed expressed as?

    <p>$f$-number</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are fast films based on in photographic film types?

    <p>$ISO$ or $ASA$ number</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In digital photography, what are images captured electronically using?

    <p>$CCD$ or $CMOS$ sensors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is digital resolution in photography approaching that of?

    <p>High-resolution film</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does ISO measure in digital photography?

    <p>Sensitivity of the image sensor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is white balance in digital photography analogous to for film?

    <p>Color temperature choices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are modern cameras equipped with for fine-tuning and capturing capabilities?

    <p>Lens and digital resolution capabilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do photographic film types depend on for fast and slow films?

    <p>Illumination source and film speed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary control of image density in photography?

    <p>Aperture setting (f/#)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In photography, what does a 'stop' refer to?

    <p>Incremental parameters for aperture size, shutter speed, and ISO (film speed)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of an 18% gray card in exposure determination?

    <p>To provide an accurate assessment of the illumination available for image capture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does reciprocity failure refer to in photography?

    <p>Failure of the film to respond to equivalent exposure settings at extremes of exposure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which camera setting is desirable when there is rapid movement between the camera and subject?

    <p>$f/2.8$ @ $1/1000$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using an incident light meter in photography?

    <p>To measure level/intensity of light falling on the subject</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a neutral card used for in photography?

    <p>To provide an accurate assessment of available illumination for image capture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is bracketing with (+) and (-) exposures used for in photography?

    <p>To obtain equivalent exposures by simultaneously increasing the aperture one stop while decreasing the shutter speed one stop and vice versa.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of lenses are better for achieving a better depth of field in photography?

    <p>Wide angle lenses with small aperture openings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does ISO 125 $f/8$ @ $1/250$ represent in photography?

    <p>A specific combination of aperture, shutter speed, and ISO setting.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is better achieved with small aperture openings in photography?

    <p>Improved clarity and sharpness in photographs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a range of acceptable focus closer to and further away from the camera refer to in photography?

    <p>Depth of field</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of color correction filters in photography?

    <p>To adjust the color temperature of the light source to match the film being used</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'photography' literally mean?

    <p>Drawing with light</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of film is designed for use with specific color temperature sources like daylight and electronic flash?

    <p>Daylight film</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the analytical value of using photography in forensic science?

    <p>Visualizing patterns and phenomena not detectable with the naked eye</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using unidirectional lighting in photography?

    <p>Use with black &amp; white film and emphasizing/de-emphasizing certain colored portions of a multi-colored subject</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the measure of the light gathering power of a lens in photography?

    <p>Lens speed, expressed as the f-number</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the digital analog to color temperature choices for film in photography?

    <p>White balance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are photographic film types based on?

    <p>The illumination source and film speed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is used to alter color temperature of a light source in photography?

    <p>Color correction filters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is slowly approaching that of high-resolution film in digital photography?

    <p>Digital resolution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a measure of the sensitivity of the image sensor in digital photography?

    <p>ISO</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are modern cameras equipped with for fine-tuning and capturing capabilities?

    <p>Conveniences for fine-tuning, and lens and digital resolution capabilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of lenses use color correction filters to alter color temperature of a light source?

    <p>All types of lenses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does digital resolution in photography refer to?

    <p>The sharpness and clarity of an image captured digitally</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does lens speed, expressed as the f-number, measure in photography?

    <p>Light gathering power of a lens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In digital photography, what are images captured electronically using?

    <p>CCD or CMOS sensors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is used to develop the concept of color temperature in relation to incandescent sources?

    <p>Black body radiator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is reciprocity failure in photography?

    <p>Failure of the film to respond to equivalent exposure settings at extremes of exposure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of an 18% gray card in exposure determination?

    <p>To provide an accurate assessment of the illumination available for image capture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a 'stop' refer to in photography?

    <p>Incremental parameters for aperture size, shutter speed, and ISO (film speed).</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is bracketing with (+) and (-) exposures used for in photography?

    <p>To obtain different exposures by adjusting aperture or shutter speed in half stop increments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is primary control of image density provided by in photography?

    <p>Exposure settings on the camera: the f/# and the shutter speed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does ISO measure in digital photography?

    <p>The film speed or sensitivity to light.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a leaf shutter refer to in photography?

    <p>A type of shutter located within the lens.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a focal plane shutter refer to in photography?

    <p>A type of shutter located in front of the film plane, most commonly used.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do equivalent exposures refer to in photography?

    <p>Obtaining the same exposure by simultaneously increasing aperture while decreasing shutter speed, or vice versa.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Photography is not used in forensic science for visual documentation method

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Photographic films are not sensitive to visible light

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Color correction filters are not used to adjust color temperature of light source in photography

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Color temperature is not important in photography

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Filters are not used to alter color temperature of a light source in photography

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Daylight film is designed for use with color temperature of 3200K

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Infrared sensitive film is not used to visualize patterns and phenomena not detectable with the naked eye

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Photography has no analytical value in visualizing patterns and phenomena not detectable with the naked eye

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Shutters provide automatic control of exposure times; mechanically or electronically timed.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The primary control of image density in photography is provided by the ISO setting and the aperture setting.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In photography, a 'stop' refers to incremental parameters for aperture size, shutter speed, and ISO (film speed).

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Equivalent exposures can be obtained by simultaneously increasing the aperture one stop while decreasing the shutter speed one stop.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The f/2.8 aperture setting corresponds to a larger opening compared to the f/4 aperture setting.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The depth of field is better achieved with wide angle lenses or small aperture openings.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Incident light meters measure the level/intensity of light falling on the subject in photography.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Reciprocity failure refers to the failure of the film to respond to equivalent exposure settings at extremes of exposure.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Bracketing with (+) and (-) exposures is used to obtain different exposure variations in photography.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The reflectance of an 18% gray card is the same for all wavelengths, making it a neutral card in exposure determination.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ideal source for developing the concept of color temperature is an incandescent continuous source.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Modern cameras are equipped with unidirectional lighting for fine-tuning and capturing capabilities.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Color temperature is measured in Kelvin and relates temperature to the distribution of wavelengths given off by an incandescent source.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Real sources can never approach the behavior of a black body radiator and are referred to as grey bodies.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Lenses alter the distance between the lens and the film for focusing, with different types of lenses available for specific purposes.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Lens speed, expressed as the f-number, is a measure of the light gathering power of a lens, with better quality lenses having fixed apertures.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Fast films have higher ISO or ASA numbers, while slow films have lower ISO or ASA numbers.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In digital photography, images are captured electronically using CCD or CMOS sensors.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Digital resolution in photography is already approaching that of high-resolution film, with ISO being a measure of the sensitivity of the image sensor.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    White balance in digital photography is not the digital analog to color temperature choices for film.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Modern cameras have conveniences for fine-tuning, with lens and digital resolution capabilities being the most important parameters.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The camera is a light-tight enclosure with a lens and a light-sensitive detector mounted in proper position.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Photographic film types are not based on the illumination source and film speed.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The color temperature of an incandescent continuous source is not the temperature to which the theoretical blackbody must be heated to emit the same distribution of wavelengths.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Photography and Color Temperature

    • Color temperature relates temperature (K) to the distribution of wavelengths given off by an incandescent source.
    • The ideal source is a perfect absorber and emitter of radiation, referred to as a black body radiator, used to develop the concept of color temperature.
    • Real sources can approach the behavior of a black body radiator and are referred to as grey bodies.
    • The color temperature of an incandescent continuous source is the temperature to which the theoretical blackbody must be heated to emit the same distribution of wavelengths.
    • Lenses use color correction filters to alter color temperature of a light source by preferential absorption of wavelengths from one end of the spectrum.
    • Lenses alter the distance between the lens and the film for focusing, with different types of lenses available for specific purposes.
    • Lens speed, expressed as the f-number, is a measure of the light gathering power of a lens, with better quality lenses having adjustable apertures.
    • Photographic film types are based on the illumination source and film speed, with fast films having higher ISO or ASA # and slow films having lower ISO or ASA #.
    • In digital photography, instead of film, images are captured electronically using CCD or CMOS sensors.
    • Digital resolution in photography is slowly approaching that of high-resolution film, with ISO being a measure of the sensitivity of the image sensor.
    • White balance in digital photography is the digital analog to color temperature choices for film.
    • The camera is a light-tight enclosure with a lens and a light-sensitive detector mounted in proper position, with modern cameras having conveniences for fine-tuning, and lens and digital resolution capabilities being the most important parameters.

    Photography and Color Temperature

    • Color temperature relates temperature (K) to the distribution of wavelengths given off by an incandescent source.
    • The ideal source is a perfect absorber and emitter of radiation, referred to as a black body radiator, used to develop the concept of color temperature.
    • Real sources can approach the behavior of a black body radiator and are referred to as grey bodies.
    • The color temperature of an incandescent continuous source is the temperature to which the theoretical blackbody must be heated to emit the same distribution of wavelengths.
    • Lenses use color correction filters to alter color temperature of a light source by preferential absorption of wavelengths from one end of the spectrum.
    • Lenses alter the distance between the lens and the film for focusing, with different types of lenses available for specific purposes.
    • Lens speed, expressed as the f-number, is a measure of the light gathering power of a lens, with better quality lenses having adjustable apertures.
    • Photographic film types are based on the illumination source and film speed, with fast films having higher ISO or ASA # and slow films having lower ISO or ASA #.
    • In digital photography, instead of film, images are captured electronically using CCD or CMOS sensors.
    • Digital resolution in photography is slowly approaching that of high-resolution film, with ISO being a measure of the sensitivity of the image sensor.
    • White balance in digital photography is the digital analog to color temperature choices for film.
    • The camera is a light-tight enclosure with a lens and a light-sensitive detector mounted in proper position, with modern cameras having conveniences for fine-tuning, and lens and digital resolution capabilities being the most important parameters.

    Photography and Color Temperature

    • Color temperature relates temperature (K) to the distribution of wavelengths given off by an incandescent source.
    • The ideal source is a perfect absorber and emitter of radiation, referred to as a black body radiator, used to develop the concept of color temperature.
    • Real sources can approach the behavior of a black body radiator and are referred to as grey bodies.
    • The color temperature of an incandescent continuous source is the temperature to which the theoretical blackbody must be heated to emit the same distribution of wavelengths.
    • Lenses use color correction filters to alter color temperature of a light source by preferential absorption of wavelengths from one end of the spectrum.
    • Lenses alter the distance between the lens and the film for focusing, with different types of lenses available for specific purposes.
    • Lens speed, expressed as the f-number, is a measure of the light gathering power of a lens, with better quality lenses having adjustable apertures.
    • Photographic film types are based on the illumination source and film speed, with fast films having higher ISO or ASA # and slow films having lower ISO or ASA #.
    • In digital photography, instead of film, images are captured electronically using CCD or CMOS sensors.
    • Digital resolution in photography is slowly approaching that of high-resolution film, with ISO being a measure of the sensitivity of the image sensor.
    • White balance in digital photography is the digital analog to color temperature choices for film.
    • The camera is a light-tight enclosure with a lens and a light-sensitive detector mounted in proper position, with modern cameras having conveniences for fine-tuning, and lens and digital resolution capabilities being the most important parameters.

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