Scientific Notation and Properties of Light
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Questions and Answers

If light travels from air into a substance with a higher refractive index, what happens to the speed of light?

  • The speed of light remains the same.
  • The speed of light decreases. (correct)
  • The speed of light changes, but the direction remains the same.
  • The speed of light increases.
  • Which of the following statements correctly describes the relationship between the angle of incidence and the angle of refraction when light travels from air into water?

  • The angle of refraction is equal to the angle of incidence.
  • The angle of refraction is always less than the angle of incidence. (correct)
  • The angle of refraction is always greater than the angle of incidence.
  • The relationship between the angle of incidence and the angle of refraction depends on the angle of incidence.
  • What type of lens is used to correct nearsightedness and why?

  • Converging lens; it spreads out light rays, making them converge on the retina.
  • Diverging lens; it focuses light rays directly onto the retina. (correct)
  • Diverging lens; it spreads out light rays, making them converge on the retina.
  • Converging lens; it focuses light rays directly onto the retina.
  • Which of the following conditions is necessary for total internal reflection to occur?

    <p>The angle of incidence must be greater than the critical angle. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the refractive index of a substance if light travels through it at a speed of 1.5 x 10^8 m/s? (The speed of light in a vacuum is 3 x 10^8 m/s)

    <p>2 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct speed of light in a vacuum?

    <p>3.00 x $10^8$ m/s (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes three possible interactions of light with an object?

    <p>absorbs, reflects, refracts (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sequence correctly lists the types of electromagnetic radiation from longest to shortest wavelength?

    <p>Radio waves, microwaves, infrared waves, visible light, ultraviolet rays, x-rays, gamma rays (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What components must be labeled on a diagram of a wave?

    <p>trough, crest, wavelength, amplitude (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the acronym LOST represent in the context of image formation in curved mirrors?

    <p>Location, Orientation, Size, Type (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of the following best describes Snell's Law?

    <p>It relates the index of refraction of two media to their angles of incidence and refraction. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In scientific notation, what is the expanded form of $3.05 x 10^{-2}$?

    <p>0.0305 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When light hits a plane mirror, which law describes the relationship between the angle of incidence and the angle of reflection?

    <p>Law of Reflection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Scientific Notation

    • Convert numbers between scientific notation and expanded form
    • Example conversions provided:
      • 20,670,000 = 2.067 x 107
      • 2.067 x 107 = 20,670,000
      • 5.72 x 105 = 572,000
      • 572,000 = 5.72 x 105
      • 0.0000587 = 5.87 x 10-5
      • 5.87 x 10-5 = 0.0000587
      • 1.34 x 10-4 = 0.000134
      • 0.000143 = 1.43 x 10-4
      • 0.0305 = 3.05 x 10-2
      • 3.05 x 10-2 = 0.0305
      • 7.18 x 10-6 = 0.00000718
      • 0.00000718 = 7.18 x 10-6
      • 140,000 = 1.40 x 105
      • 1.40 x 105 = 140,000
      • 6,991.2 = 6.9912 x 103
      • 6.9912 x 103 = 6,991.2

    Properties of Light

    • Speed of light in a vacuum: 3.00 x 108 m/s
    • Wave characteristics: Define crest, trough, rest position, wavelength, and amplitude on a wave diagram.
    • Interactions with matter: Light can be absorbed, reflected, or refracted when interacting with a surface.

    Electromagnetic Spectrum

    • Order of electromagnetic radiation (longest to shortest wavelength): Radio waves, microwaves, infrared waves, visible light, ultraviolet rays, X-rays, gamma rays

    Reflection in Plane Mirrors

    • Law of Reflection: The angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection.
    • Diagrams required to demonstrate the Law of Reflection.
    • Practice measuring angles of incidence and drawing reflected rays.

    Reflection in Curved Mirrors

    • Image formation in curved mirrors: Use LOST (Location, Orientation, Size, and Type) to describe the images formed in concave and convex mirrors.
    • Practice drawing images for various objects placed in front of curved mirrors.
    • Calculations of magnification for the images formed by curved mirrors.

    Magnification

    • Calculation of magnification for different images in curved mirrors.

    Refraction & Speed of Light

    • Definitions of normal, incident ray, refracted ray, reflected ray, angle of reflection, and angle of refraction.
    • Diagrams showing refraction.
    • Measuring angles of incidence, reflection, and refraction.
    • Refractive index of the second medium in relation to the first.
    • The speed of reflected light is equal to the speed of the incident light.
    • The speed of refracted light is slower in a denser medium, causing a bending of the ray toward the normal.
    • Explain why objects underwater appear closer to the surface: Light bends away from the normal when moving into a less optically dense medium, making objects seem closer than they are.
    • Total Internal Reflection: Diagram and explanation of total internal reflection, including the condition when it occurs.
    • Snell's Law application for calculating angles of refraction or refractive index.
    • Example Calculating the angle of refraction when light travels from water to corn oil at 42 degrees.
    • Example Calculating the refractive index of a Moissanite when light is refracted from air to Moissanite at 45 degrees to 15.4 degrees.
    • Calculating the speed of light in an unknown substance given the refractive index and the speed.

    Human Vision

    • Differentiate between nearsightedness and farsightedness:
      • Nearsightedness: Light focuses in front of the retina. Corrected with diverging lenses.
      • Farsightedness: Light focuses behind the retina. Corrected with converging lenses.
    • Diagrams explaining the issues in each eye and the appropriate corrective lenses.

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    Description

    Test your understanding of scientific notation and the properties of light with this quiz. You'll be converting numbers between expanded form and scientific notation, as well as exploring key concepts related to light's behavior and characteristics. Challenge yourself with these fundamental concepts in physics!

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