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Questions and Answers
What type of fats do plants primarily use for energy?
What type of fats do plants primarily use for energy?
Which of the following carbohydrates consists of two monosaccharides?
Which of the following carbohydrates consists of two monosaccharides?
What is the main purpose of photosynthesis in plants?
What is the main purpose of photosynthesis in plants?
Which organelle is responsible for the process of photosynthesis?
Which organelle is responsible for the process of photosynthesis?
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In the photosynthesis equation, what is produced alongside glucose?
In the photosynthesis equation, what is produced alongside glucose?
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What percentage of Earth's atmosphere is composed of oxygen?
What percentage of Earth's atmosphere is composed of oxygen?
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Which statement correctly describes autotrophs?
Which statement correctly describes autotrophs?
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What role does the atmosphere play in photosynthesis?
What role does the atmosphere play in photosynthesis?
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What is a hypothesis in scientific research?
What is a hypothesis in scientific research?
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Which variable is manipulated in an experiment?
Which variable is manipulated in an experiment?
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Which of the following statements about the control group is true?
Which of the following statements about the control group is true?
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In the metric system, what is the base unit for mass?
In the metric system, what is the base unit for mass?
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Which of the following units represents a decreased metric unit for length?
Which of the following units represents a decreased metric unit for length?
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What step comes directly after forming a study question in the scientific method?
What step comes directly after forming a study question in the scientific method?
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What is the correct order of steps in the scientific method?
What is the correct order of steps in the scientific method?
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Which of the following best describes a graph's purpose in data analysis?
Which of the following best describes a graph's purpose in data analysis?
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What components make up a nucleotide?
What components make up a nucleotide?
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What is the primary function of DNA?
What is the primary function of DNA?
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Which statement accurately describes proteins?
Which statement accurately describes proteins?
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How do saturated fatty acids differ from unsaturated fatty acids?
How do saturated fatty acids differ from unsaturated fatty acids?
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What is a major characteristic of lipids?
What is a major characteristic of lipids?
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Which fatty acid type is typically solid at room temperature?
Which fatty acid type is typically solid at room temperature?
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Which of the following lipids serves as a major component of cell membranes?
Which of the following lipids serves as a major component of cell membranes?
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What role do proteins play in the body?
What role do proteins play in the body?
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What is the primary function of homeostasis?
What is the primary function of homeostasis?
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Which of the following best describes positive feedback?
Which of the following best describes positive feedback?
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Which components are considered main parts of the immune system?
Which components are considered main parts of the immune system?
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What is the primary role of the lymphatic system?
What is the primary role of the lymphatic system?
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How does the integumentary system function in immune defense?
How does the integumentary system function in immune defense?
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What is a monomer?
What is a monomer?
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What role do lymph nodes play in the lymphatic system?
What role do lymph nodes play in the lymphatic system?
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What process is primarily facilitated by the negative feedback mechanism?
What process is primarily facilitated by the negative feedback mechanism?
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Which organelle acts as the control center of the cell?
Which organelle acts as the control center of the cell?
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What is the primary function of mitochondria in eukaryotic cells?
What is the primary function of mitochondria in eukaryotic cells?
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The spleen and thymus are important parts of which system?
The spleen and thymus are important parts of which system?
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How do plant cells differ from animal cells?
How do plant cells differ from animal cells?
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What type of cell does not contain a nucleus?
What type of cell does not contain a nucleus?
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Which biomolecule is built of monomers called nucleotides?
Which biomolecule is built of monomers called nucleotides?
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What structure forms the physical boundary between a cell and its environment?
What structure forms the physical boundary between a cell and its environment?
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Which organelle is responsible for photosynthesis?
Which organelle is responsible for photosynthesis?
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What does it mean for water to be a polar molecule?
What does it mean for water to be a polar molecule?
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Which of the following statements best describes hydrogen bonds?
Which of the following statements best describes hydrogen bonds?
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What is the main difference between coefficients and subscripts in chemical formulas?
What is the main difference between coefficients and subscripts in chemical formulas?
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Which of the following best describes cohesion in water?
Which of the following best describes cohesion in water?
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Ionic bonds involve which of the following processes?
Ionic bonds involve which of the following processes?
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What role does the oxygen atom play in the molecular structure of water?
What role does the oxygen atom play in the molecular structure of water?
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Which characteristic of water is responsible for its ability to dissolve many substances?
Which characteristic of water is responsible for its ability to dissolve many substances?
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Which statement correctly describes nonpolar molecules?
Which statement correctly describes nonpolar molecules?
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Study Notes
Scientific Method
- Observations are anything detected with the five senses.
- Inferences are conclusions drawn from evidence and reasoning.
- A hypothesis is a possible answer to a scientific question, based on logic and scientific knowledge. Hypotheses must be testable.
- Experiments are scientific investigations conducted under controlled conditions to test the validity of a hypothesis.
- Independent variables affect dependent variables.
- Dependent variables are the affected variables.
- Control groups are not affected or changed; larger samples increase experiment accuracy.
- Steps in the scientific method include observing, defining the problem, forming a research question, researching, stating expectations, conducting an experiment and gathering data, analyzing results, reflecting on findings, and communicating with a wider community.
Metric System
- Length is measured in meters.
- Mass is measured in grams.
- Volume is measured in liters.
- Increased units are Kilo (x1000), Hecto (x100), Deca(x10).
- Decreased units are Deci (/10), Centi (/100), Milli(/1000).
- Units include Meters, Centimeters(10⁻²), Millimeters(10⁻³), Micrometers(10⁻⁶), Nanometers(10⁻⁹), Angstroms(10⁻¹⁰), Picometers (10⁻¹²)
- Data analysis, including graphical representations (x-axis and y-axis, title, and key), is crucial.
Properties of Water
- Water is a polar molecule (+ and - charges).
- Cohesion is the attraction between water molecules.
- Adhesion is the attraction between water and other substances.
- Covalent bonds involve shared electrons.
- Nonpolar molecules have equal electron sharing, while polar molecules have unequal electron sharing.
- Hydrogen bonds are attractions between molecules, not atoms.
- Polar molecules are attracted to other molecules.
- Coefficients are numbers in front of chemical formulas, indicating how many molecules are involved in a reaction.
- Subscripts are written below element symbols within a formula, representing how many atoms of that element are present in each molecule.
Cells and Biomolecules
- Monomers bond to form polymers.
- Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus; prokaryotic cells do not.
- Organelles are structures within cells with specific functions.
- Cell membranes are vital, containing phospholipids.
- Cytoplasm refers to material inside a cell membrane (excluding the nucleus).
- Mitochondria are energy-producing organelles.
- A cell's nucleus acts as its control center.
Photosynthesis
- Photosynthesis is the process of converting carbon dioxide into glucose (sugar) and oxygen using light energy.
- Autotrophs produce their food using photosynthesis.
- Chloroplasts utilize chlorophyll to absorb light necessary for photosynthesis.
- The atmosphere provides carbon dioxide required for photosynthesis and releases oxygen produced as a byproduct.
- The photosynthetic equation is: 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + Sunlight → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂.
- Energy from sunlight is converted into chemical energy during photosynthesis.
Homeostasis
- Homeostasis is the process of maintaining a stable internal environment.
- Negative feedback responds to a stimulus to turn the system off if the set value isn't reached.
- Positive feedback increases the likelihood of an event.
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Description
This quiz covers the fundamentals of the scientific method, including key concepts such as observations, hypotheses, and experiments. It also explores the metric system's basic units of measurement for length, mass, and volume. Test your understanding of these essential scientific principles!
