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Questions and Answers
What is the mass of salt when the volume of water is 60 cm³?
What is the mass of salt when the volume of water is 60 cm³?
- 32 g
- 20 g
- 30 g
- 26 g (correct)
As the volume of water increases, the mass of dissolved salt also increases.
As the volume of water increases, the mass of dissolved salt also increases.
True (A)
What does a line of best fit represent in a graph?
What does a line of best fit represent in a graph?
It represents the general trend of the data points.
The __ variable in the investigation is the amount of salt dissolved.
The __ variable in the investigation is the amount of salt dissolved.
In the investigation, which option is considered the independent variable?
In the investigation, which option is considered the independent variable?
Match the following variables with their types in the investigation:
Match the following variables with their types in the investigation:
The mass of salt reached a maximum at 100 cm³ of water.
The mass of salt reached a maximum at 100 cm³ of water.
Identify one control variable in the investigation.
Identify one control variable in the investigation.
Why did researchers collect results from several hundred men and women?
Why did researchers collect results from several hundred men and women?
The mean volume of air pushed out for women in the 20-29 age group is 3.0 dm3.
The mean volume of air pushed out for women in the 20-29 age group is 3.0 dm3.
Calculate the difference in mean volumes of air pushed out for men and women in the 40-49 age group.
Calculate the difference in mean volumes of air pushed out for men and women in the 40-49 age group.
The mean volume of air that can be pushed out by women generally ______ with age.
The mean volume of air that can be pushed out by women generally ______ with age.
What is the predicted mean volume of air that can be pushed out by men aged 70-79?
What is the predicted mean volume of air that can be pushed out by men aged 70-79?
What piece of apparatus is missing from Sofia's experiment setup?
What piece of apparatus is missing from Sofia's experiment setup?
Match the following age groups with the corresponding mean volume of air (in dm3) they can push out:
Match the following age groups with the corresponding mean volume of air (in dm3) they can push out:
The mean volume of air pushed out increases steadily with age for both men and women.
The mean volume of air pushed out increases steadily with age for both men and women.
What was the independent variable in the experiment involving the rats?
What was the independent variable in the experiment involving the rats?
The red blood cell count increased for rats at sea level between day 1 and day 20.
The red blood cell count increased for rats at sea level between day 1 and day 20.
Suggest two variables that should have been controlled during the study of red blood cell counts in rats.
Suggest two variables that should have been controlled during the study of red blood cell counts in rats.
The term '________' refers to the substance that dissolves in a solution.
The term '________' refers to the substance that dissolves in a solution.
Match the following terms with their definitions:
Match the following terms with their definitions:
Calculate the increase in red blood cell count for the rats at high altitude from day 1 to day 20. What is the increase?
Calculate the increase in red blood cell count for the rats at high altitude from day 1 to day 20. What is the increase?
The mean rate of increase in red blood cell count for the rats at high altitude is calculated over 20 days.
The mean rate of increase in red blood cell count for the rats at high altitude is calculated over 20 days.
After the rats at high altitude were taken down to sea level, what is predicted to happen to their red blood cell count?
After the rats at high altitude were taken down to sea level, what is predicted to happen to their red blood cell count?
Flashcards
Mean volume of air pushed out
Mean volume of air pushed out
Average volume of air expelled by a person in a single breath, determined from a group of individuals.
Age group
Age group
A specific range of ages, used to categorize individuals for analysis.
Large sample size (men & women)
Large sample size (men & women)
Collecting data from many individuals of different ages to improve the accuracy and reliability of the results.
Volume (dm³)
Volume (dm³)
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Prediction of mean volume
Prediction of mean volume
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Difference between men & women volumes
Difference between men & women volumes
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Changes in women's volume with age
Changes in women's volume with age
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Missing apparatus (Respiration)
Missing apparatus (Respiration)
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Independent Variable
Independent Variable
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Dependent Variable
Dependent Variable
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Control Variable
Control Variable
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Solubility
Solubility
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Mass of salt
Mass of salt
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Volume of water
Volume of water
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Line of best fit
Line of best fit
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Solubility Graph
Solubility Graph
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Independent Variable (Respiration)
Independent Variable (Respiration)
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Dependent Variable (Respiration)
Dependent Variable (Respiration)
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Control Variables (Respiration)
Control Variables (Respiration)
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Red Blood Cell Count Increase (High Altitude)
Red Blood Cell Count Increase (High Altitude)
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Mean Rate of Increase (Respiration)
Mean Rate of Increase (Respiration)
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Solution
Solution
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Solute (Material properties)
Solute (Material properties)
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Solvent (Material properties)
Solvent (Material properties)
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Study Notes
Salt and water relationship
- The mass of salt dissolved increases as the volume of water increases.
- The mass of salt reached a maximum at 100 cm³ of water.
Line of best fit
- A line of best fit represents the general trend in the data and can be used to predict values.
Independent variables
- Independent variable: the variable that is changed in an experiment (In the investigation, the amount of salt dissolved is the independent variable.)
- Dependent variable: the variable that is measured in an experiment
- Control variable: a variable that is kept constant throughout an experiment
Human Respiratory System Experiment
- Researchers collected results from several hundred men and women to ensure that the results were statistically significant and representative of the population.
- The mean volume of air pushed out for women in the 20-29 age group is 3.0 dm³.
- The mean volume of air pushed out for men in the 40-49 age group is 4.2 dm³.
- The mean volume of air that can be pushed out by women generally decreases with age.
- The predicted mean volume of air that can be pushed out by men aged 70-79 is 3.5 dm³.
A missing piece of apparatus
- A spirometer is missing from Sofia’s experiment setup as this is used to measure the volume of air a person can breathe in or out.
Red Blood Cell Counts in Rats
- The independent variable in the experiment involving the rats was altitude.
- The red blood cell count increased for rats at sea level between day 1 and day 20.
- Two variables that should have been controlled are:
- The diet of the rats
- The activity levels of the rats
- Solute: refers to the substance that dissolves in a solution.
- The increase in red blood cell count for the rats at high altitude from day 1 to day 20 is 3.5 million cells per microliter.
- The mean rate of increase in red blood cell count for the rats at high altitude is 0.175 million cells per microliter per day.
- After the rats at high altitude were taken down to sea level, their red blood cell count is predicted to decrease over time as they acclimatize to the lower altitude.
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