Scientific Classification and Nomenclature Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What does the Plant Variety Protection Act allow breeders to do?

  • Recover costs of research and development (correct)
  • Patenting of asexually reproduced cultivars
  • Market plants without restrictions
  • Create hybrid plants

    • The Plant Variety Protection Act includes the patenting of asexually reproduced cultivars.

    False

    What main role do producers play in an ecosystem?

    They produce energy through photosynthesis.

    What is a decomposer?

    <p>Any organism that feeds on dead organisms or waste.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following are characteristics of weeds?

    <p>Adaptation for seed dispersal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Weeds depend on humans for propagation.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following are advantages of weeds?

    <p>Soil stabilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Weeds can increase crop yields.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are native plants considered better for the environment?

    <p>They are low maintenance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are invasive plants?

    <p>Plants introduced to an environment where they did not evolve.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following are characteristics of monocots?

    <p>Embryo with single cotyledon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of dicots?

    <p>Major leaf veins reticulated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are vascular plants?

    <p>Plants that have a vascular system for transporting water and nutrients.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are angiosperms?

    <p>Plants that produce seeds encased in fruit.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is used to classify plants?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does leaf venation describe?

    <p>The pattern in which leaf veins are organized.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the leaf margin refer to?

    <p>The edges of a leaf.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause biennial plants to complete their life cycle in one year?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is cladistics?

    <p>A form of classification based on the branching pattern of evolution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most general taxon used in classifying organisms?

    <p>Kingdom</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two categories that Kingdom Monera can be divided into?

    <p>Archaebacteria and eubacteria.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Individuals in the Plantae kingdom are multicellular and most do not move.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a species in botanical terms?

    <p>Groupings of plants which consistently produce plants of the same types.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describe botanical nomenclature?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Monera contains multicellular organisms.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following contain multicellular organisms?

    <p>Fungi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does an organ system consist of?

    <p>Root and shoot system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following are considered plant organs?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flowers are considered plant organs.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are Parenchyma cells likely to remain?

    <p>Totipotent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes Collenchyma cells?

    <p>They contain thicker primary cell walls with uneven thickness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following are characteristics of plants?

    <p>Provide food, air, and habitat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can weeds be accurately described?

    <p>Plants that are competitive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What makes up about 80 percent of all plants?

    <p>Vascular plants.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is another name for a non-vascular plant?

    <p>Bryophyte.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Plant Variety Protection Act

    • Allows breeders to recoup research costs through exclusive marketing rights.
    • Requires that plant varieties be uniform, stable, and distinct.
    • Grants exclusive marketing rights for new plant cultivars within the U.S.

    Exclusions of the Plant Variety Protection Act

    • Does not permit patenting of asexually reproduced cultivars.

    Ecosystem Roles

    • Plants primarily act as producers within ecosystems.

    Decomposers

    • Organisms that primarily consume dead organisms or organic waste.

    Weed Characteristics

    • Rapid population establishment.
    • High seed production rates with seed dormancy.
    • Adaptations that enhance seed dispersal.

    Non-Characteristics of Weeds

    • Weeds do not depend on humans for propagation.

    Advantages of Weeds

    • Provide habitat and food sources for wildlife.
    • Contribute to soil stabilization.
    • Enhance the organic matter content of soil.

    Non-Advantages of Weeds

    • Weeds do not increase crop yields.

    Benefits of Native Plants

    • Require low maintenance due to adaptation to their ecosystems.
    • Do not typically need additional fertilizers or pesticides.
    • Offer food and habitat support for wildlife.

    Invasive Plants

    • Non-native species that adapt quickly to new environments without prior evolution in that area.

    Monocot Characteristics

    • Flower parts are organized in multiples of three.
    • Have an embryo with a single cotyledon.
    • Pollen structure features a single furrow or pore.

    Dicot Characteristics

    • Major leaf veins exhibit a reticulated pattern.

    Vascular and Non-Vascular Plants

    • Vascular plants include gymnosperms.
    • Non-vascular plants are referred to as bryophytes.

    Classification Criteria

    • Plants are classified based on leaves, flowers, and seeds.

    Leaf Structures

    • Leaf venation refers to the arrangement of leaf veins.
    • Leaf margin describes the edges of leaves.

    Biennial Plants

    • May complete their life cycle in one year due to variations in temperature, climatic changes, or drought conditions.

    Cladistics

    • Classification method based on evolutionary branching patterns.

    Taxonomy in Classification

    • The kingdom is the most general taxonomic category.

    Kingdom Monera

    • Divides into two categories: archaebacteria and eubacteria.

    Plantae Characteristics

    • Organisms in the plantae kingdom are multicellular and generally non-motile.

    Species Definition

    • Groups of plants that reliably produce individuals of the same type.

    Botanical Nomenclature

    • Utilizes a binomial naming system, identifying plants by genus and species, always presented in italics or underlined.

    Organisms Containing Multicellularity

    • Multicellular organisms are classified under the kingdoms Plantae, Fungi, and Animalia.

    Organ Systems

    • Comprises root and shoot systems, facilitating responses to environmental changes and processing large material volumes.

    Plant Organs

    • Stems, leaves, and roots are recognized as plant organs, whereas flowers are not categorized as such.

    Plant Cell Types

    • Parenchyma cells retain totipotency, while collenchyma cells are characterized by unevenly thickened primary cell walls.

    Plant Functions

    • Regulate the water cycle, serve medicinal purposes, and provide food, air, and habitat.

    Weeds Description

    • Weeds are plants that grow out of place, often competitive and can serve as hosts for crop diseases.

    Vascular Plants

    • Represent approximately 80% of all plant species.

    Bryophytes

    • Another designation for non-vascular plants.

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    Test your knowledge on the key concepts of the Plant Variety Protection Act and other essential terms in plant classification and nomenclature with these flashcards. Perfect for students and professionals looking to deepen their understanding of plant genetics and rights.

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