Science: Work, Energy, Power Flashcards

Work is done when a force causes an object to move a certain distance in the direction of the force.

Power measures how quickly work is done. It's the rate at which energy is transferred.

The SI unit of work and energy. It's equivalent to one Newton-meter (1 Nm).

The SI unit of power. One Watt is defined as one Joule of energy transferred per second.

A common unit of power, with 1 hp equal to 746 Watts.

Energy is the ability to do work. It's the capacity to create change or movement.

Kinetic energy is the energy of motion. An object's kinetic energy increases with its speed and mass.

Potential energy is stored energy due to an object's position or state. It's the energy an object has due to its potential to do work.

Gravitational potential energy depends on an object's height, mass, and the acceleration due to gravity.

Elastic potential energy is stored when an object is stretched or compressed. It's the energy stored in a deformed material.

Mechanical energy is the sum of kinetic and potential energy in a system.

Thermal energy is the total energy of all the microscopic particles within an object, encompassing both potential and kinetic forms.

Chemical energy is stored within chemical bonds and is released during chemical reactions.

Electrical energy is the energy associated with electrical charges and their interactions.

Electromagnetic energy travels through space as waves, encompassing various forms of radiation.

Nuclear energy is derived from the interactions within atomic nuclei.

Work is only done by a force if it causes an object to move in the direction of the force. No movement means no work done.

An increase in the rate of work directly increases power. More work done in less time means higher power output.

Work is essentially a transfer of energy from one system to another. Energy is transformed during work.

Kinetic energy is directly proportional to an object's mass and the square of its speed.

Gravitational potential energy varies based on an object's mass, its height above the ground, and the acceleration due to gravity.

Major forms of energy include mechanical, thermal, chemical, electrical, electromagnetic, and nuclear energy.

Energy can be changed from one form to another. This is called energy conversion.

The law of conservation of energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed; it can only be transferred or transformed from one form to another.

As an object falls, its gravitational potential energy is transformed into kinetic energy.

Einstein's equation (E = mc^2) establishes the equivalence of energy and mass. This means that energy can be converted into mass, and vice-versa.

Work is calculated using the equation (W = F imes D), where (F) is force and (D) is the distance moved in the force's direction.

Power is calculated using the formula (P = rac{W}{T}), where (W) is the work done and (T) is the time taken.

Elastic potential energy is calculated using the formula (PE_e = 0.5 imes k imes x^2), where (k) is the spring constant and (x) is the displacement from the equilibrium position.