Science Quiz Review Unit 1: Plants

Flower: Reproductive structure of the plant.
Leaf: Attached to the stem; responsible for:
- Photosynthesis: Generates food using sunlight.
- Respiration: Facilitates gas exchange.
- Transpiration: Evaporates water from the plant.
Fruit: Contains seeds for reproduction.
Vegetable: Edible plant parts such as roots, stems, and leaves.
Stem: Supports the plant, grows towards light, transports water and nutrients.
Roots: Composed of main root, root tip, and root hair; functions include:
- Absorbing water and nutrients from the soil.
- Anchoring the plant firmly in position.

Vascular Plants: Possess xylem and phloem for nutrient transportation.
- Examples: Trees and flowers.
- Reproduction: Through seeds (angiosperms and gymnosperms).
Nonvascular Plants: Lack a vascular system, generally small and found in moist environments.
- Example: Moss.

Plants with Seeds: Two main groups:
- Angiosperms: Produce flowers; seeds enclosed within fruits. Subdivided into monocots and dicots.
- Gymnosperms: Have seeds exposed, typically found in cones (e.g., pine trees).

Stamen: Male reproductive component made of filament and anther which produces pollen.
Sepals: Small green leaves that protect the flower bud.
Petals: Colorful parts attracting pollinators; collectively referred to as the corolla.
Pistil: Female reproductive structure, includes:
- Style: Connects stigma to ovary.
- Stigma: Receives pollen during pollination.
- Ovary: Houses the seeds.

Occurs when pollen grains move from anther of one flower to stigma of another.
Pollinators: Include wind, water, insects (like bees), birds, bats, and various animals that assist in the transfer of pollen.

Extra materials and resources can be accessed through the Edusystem portal and various educational websites to reinforce understanding of plant biology topics.