16 Questions
What can alter family inheritance despite genetic factors?
Environmental factors
What do children develop as early as the first year of life that can be influenced by their experiences?
Capacity to learn to control impulses, focus attention, and retain information in memory
How do close relationships with nurturing and reliably available adults affect young children's development?
Promote social and emotional development
What can undermine children's ability to establish secure expectations about whether and how their needs will be met?
Frequent disruptions in care, high staff turnover, and poor-quality interactions in early childhood program settings
How are basic aspects of brain function, such as the ability to see and hear effectively, affected by early experiences?
They depend critically on very early experiences
What does the text say about the window of opportunity for brain development after a child's third birthday?
It remains open far beyond age 3
What can severe neglect be as great a threat to as physical abuse?
Health and development
What do young children who experienced prolonged periods of neglect exhibit more of, compared to children who have been victimized by overt physical maltreatment?
Cognitive impairments, attention problems, language deficits, academic difficulties, withdrawn behavior, and problems with peer interaction
What type of interactions in early relationships does the text mention as being disrupted by severe neglect?
Serve and return interactions
What continues to develop well into adolescence and early adulthood?
Regions of the brain dedicated to higher-order functions
How are infants and young children affected by significant stresses in their family and caregiving environments?
Adversely
What can lead to physical and chemical disruptions in the brain that can last a lifetime in infants and young children?
Adverse fetal and early childhood experiences
What is the impact of the environment in which one develops before and soon after birth?
Powerful experiences that chemically modify certain genes
How does development affect life outcomes?
Highly interactive
What can adverse fetal and early childhood experiences lead to, in addition to impairments in future learning capacity and behavior?
Poor physical and mental health outcomes
How long can the physical and chemical disruptions in the brain from adverse fetal and early childhood experiences last?
A lifetime
Test your knowledge about the recent advances in the science of early childhood development and its underlying biology. Explore the key aspects highlighted in the 'From Best Practices to Breakthrough Impacts' report by the Center on the Developing Child.
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