Science Fundamentals Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following best describes the scientific method?

  • Assumptions based on personal beliefs.
  • A series of steps that starts with a conclusion.
  • A set of unchangeable laws.
  • An observation followed by a controlled experiment. (correct)

A theory can be absolutely proven correct in science.

False (B)

What is the difference between mass and weight?

Mass is the quantity of matter in a material, while weight is the force with which an object is attracted by gravity.

In chemistry, the study of the composition, structure, and changes in materials is known as __________.

<p>chemistry</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following scientific terms with their definitions:

<p>Hypothesis = A temporary explanation of observed phenomena Theory = A tested explanation of a natural phenomenon Law = A statement about a fundamental relationship in nature Observation = The results and notes obtained from experiments</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true about laws in science?

<p>Laws can be expressed as mathematical equations. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A hypothesis is a definitive conclusion based on experimental results.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by the term 'matter'?

<p>Matter is anything that occupies space and can be perceived by our senses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many significant figures are there in the measurement 0.0320 m³?

<p>3 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Trailing zeros in a whole number without a decimal point are always significant.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many significant figures does the number 413.97 have?

<p>5</p> Signup and view all the answers

The measurement 156.00 g has _____ significant figures.

<p>5</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following numbers with their number of significant figures:

<p>0.0006 = 1 5.120063 = 6 161,000 = 3 3600 = 2</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following measurements has the most significant figures?

<p>56.0707 ml (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The number 2500 can be expressed with 2 significant figures as 2.5 x 10².

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Write the number 2500 with 3 significant figures.

<p>2.50 x 10³</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to coffee when sugar is added and dissolves?

<p>The coffee, which used to be a pure compound, is no longer a pure compound. (A), The coffee is still a homogeneous mixture. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Precision refers to how close a measurement is to the true value of a measured quantity.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two key aspects of a measurement?

<p>Accuracy and precision</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the measurement 9.12, the first two digits (9.1) are certain, while the last digit (___) is estimated.

<p>2</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their definitions:

<p>Accuracy = Closeness to the true value Precision = Closeness among a set of measurements Significant Figures = Digits that include all certain digits and one estimated digit Measurement = Comparison relative to a reference unit</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can measurement errors be minimized?

<p>By taking a series of measurements and calculating the average (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

All measurements are exact and have no uncertainties.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the true mass of Student C's most precise and accurate measurement?

<p>2.000 g</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many significant figures are in 19.0000?

<p>5 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many significant figures are in 0.0005650850?

<p>7 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Rounding can influence the number of significant figures in a result.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of 1.2151 rounded to three significant figures?

<p>1.22</p> Signup and view all the answers

For the sum of 89.332 and 1.1, the final answer rounded to the correct number of significant figures is ______.

<p>90.4</p> Signup and view all the answers

When multiplying or dividing numbers, the result should have the same amount of significant figures as which of the following?

<p>The smallest number (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the operation with its significant figures rule:

<p>Addition or Subtraction = Round to least decimal places Multiplication or Division = Match least significant figures Rounding = Adjust based on digit to be dropped Exact Numbers = Infinite significant figures</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the average of the lengths 6.64, 6.68, and 6.70?

<p>6.67</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of 11,254.1 g + 0.1983 g expressed to the correct number of significant figures?

<p>11,254.30 g (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The result of 66.59 L − 3.113 L rounded to the correct number of significant figures is 63.48 L.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct rounding of 0.00087564 to three significant figures?

<p>8.76 × 10^-4</p> Signup and view all the answers

The result of 15.985 g ÷ 24.12 mL to the correct number of significant figures is __________.

<p>0.66 g/mL</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following calculations to their results after rounding to the correct number of significant figures:

<p>10.0 g + 1.03 g + 0.243 g = 11.3 g 19.556 °C – 19.552 °C = 0.004 °C 327.5 m × 4.52 m = 1,480 m² 199 + 0.001 = 1.2</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following represents the expression 0.00564458 rounded to four significant figures in scientific notation?

<p>5.645 × 10^-3 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The result of evaluating 412.272 + 0.00031 – 1.00797 + 0.000024 + 12.8 should be rounded to 424.064364.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the calculated value of (71.359 m − 71.357 m) expressed to the correct number of significant figures?

<p>0.002 m</p> Signup and view all the answers

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