15 Questions
What are the three major branches of modern science?
Natural sciences, social sciences, and formal sciences
What are the formal sciences and what do they study?
Formal sciences study formal systems, governed by axioms and rules. They include logic, mathematics, and theoretical computer science.
What is the disagreement regarding the formal sciences as science disciplines?
There is disagreement because the formal sciences do not rely on empirical evidence.
What are applied sciences and give examples?
Applied sciences are disciplines that use scientific knowledge for practical purposes, such as in engineering and medicine.
When and where do the earliest written records of identifiable predecessors to modern science date to?
The earliest written records of identifiable predecessors to modern science date to Bronze Age Egypt and Mesopotamia.
What are the three major branches of modern science?
Natural sciences, social sciences, and formal sciences.
What distinguishes the formal sciences from other branches of science?
Formal sciences study formal systems governed by axioms and rules, and do not rely on empirical evidence.
What are applied sciences, and provide examples?
Applied sciences use scientific knowledge for practical purposes, such as engineering and medicine.
What are the earliest written records of identifiable predecessors to modern science?
The earliest written records date to Bronze Age Egypt and Mesopotamia.
What is the definition of science?
Science is a rigorous, systematic endeavor that builds and organizes knowledge in the form of testable explanations and predictions about the world.
What is a time and motion study and what techniques does it combine?
A time and motion study is a business efficiency technique that combines the Time Study work of Frederick Winslow Taylor with the Motion Study work of Frank and Lillian Gilbreth.
What is the major part of scientific management that time and motion study is associated with?
Time and motion study is associated with scientific management, also known as Taylorism.
What is the direction in which time study developed and how did motion study evolve?
Time study developed in the direction of establishing standard times, while motion study evolved into a technique for improving work methods.
What is the integrated approach to work system improvement known as and where is it applied today?
The integrated approach to work system improvement is known as methods engineering, and it is applied today to industrial as well as service organizations, including banks, schools, and hospitals.
What is time study and how is it conducted?
Time study is a direct and continuous observation of a task, using a timekeeping device (e.g., decimal minute stopwatch).
Study Notes
Science and Time Studies
- Science is a systematic endeavor that builds knowledge through testable explanations and predictions about the world.
- Modern science is divided into natural sciences (e.g., physics, chemistry, biology), social sciences (e.g., economics, psychology, sociology), and formal sciences (e.g., logic, mathematics, theoretical computer science).
- Applied sciences use scientific knowledge for practical purposes, such as engineering and medicine.
- The history of scientific discipline dates back to Bronze Age Egypt and Mesopotamia.
- Time and motion studies combine the work of Frederick Winslow Taylor and Frank and Lillian Gilbreth, forming a major part of scientific management (Taylorism).
- Time study involves direct and continuous observation of a task using a timekeeping device.
- Motion study is a technique for improving work methods.
- The integrated approach to work system improvement is known as methods engineering and is applied in industrial and service organizations.
- Time studies have evolved into establishing standard times, while motion studies focus on improving work methods.
- This integrated approach to work system improvement is applied in various sectors like banks, schools, and hospitals.
- Time studies and motion studies have been integrated and refined into a widely accepted method applicable to the improvement and upgrading of work systems.
- The integrated approach to work system improvement is known as methods engineering and is applied today to various sectors, including industrial and service organizations.
Test your knowledge of the diverse fields of science with this quiz! From physics and chemistry to economics and psychology, challenge yourself with questions on the natural and social sciences.
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