Science Contest Instructions

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Questions and Answers

What is the magnitude of the magnetic field when a beam of electrons moving at $4.50 \times 10^{5}$ m/s traces out a circle with a radius of 22.0 cm?

11.6 µT (correct)

8.62 µT

14.7 µT

21.3 µT

Which of the following statements accurately describes the composition of a meson, such as a pion?

Two quarks

A quark and an anti-quark (correct)

A quark and a lepton

Three quarks

When dropping an object from different heights, what kind of graph would you expect when plotting final velocity as a function of initial height?

Exponential increase

Constant velocity

Linear increase with a slope

Parabolic curve (correct)

What property of the wire can be determined based on its length and diameter of 0.40 mm?

Resistivity Signup and view all the answers

If an object is always at rest when dropped, what physical principle explains its motion when it falls?

Gravitational force Signup and view all the answers

What is the field of biology that focuses on classifying organisms into specific groups?

Taxonomy Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about eukaryotic cells is incorrect?

Cell walls are present in all eukaryotes. Signup and view all the answers

What type of mutation occurs when a cytosine is changed to an adenine in the DNA sequence?

Base substitution Signup and view all the answers

In the water cycle, what is the process of carrying water through plants and releasing it as vapor called?

Transpiration Signup and view all the answers

Which of these concepts defines a group of organisms that can mate and produce fertile offspring?

Population Signup and view all the answers

What would happen according to natural selection if a phenotype provides a competitive advantage?

Organisms with that phenotype would thrive. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following processes is incorrectly matched with its definition in the context of DNA replication?

Replication starts in the nucleus. Signup and view all the answers

What type of mutation results in a shift of the reading frame due to the insertion or deletion of nucleotides?

Frameshift mutation Signup and view all the answers

Which celestial object did the Babylonians observe that reverses its motion for about 90 days after two years of normal motion?

Mars Signup and view all the answers

What standard candle star did Edwin Hubble use to measure astronomical distances to galaxies?

Supernovae Signup and view all the answers

What is the acceleration of a 21.0 kg box being pushed with a force of 35.0N at a 20.0° angle downward on a frictionless floor?

1.67 m/s² Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following celestial objects is not measured with Cepheid variable stars according to current astronomic practices?

Distances beyond five million light years Signup and view all the answers

What effect does a downward angled push have on the box in terms of its vertical acceleration?

It has no effect on the box's weight Signup and view all the answers

What is the speed change of a tennis ball after being returned, if its initial speed was 42.0 m/s West and it was hit to a speed of 30.0 m/s East?

72.0 m/s Signup and view all the answers

How long was the tennis ball in contact with the racquet when its speed changed from 42.0 m/s to 30.0 m/s?

0.650 seconds Signup and view all the answers

What is a common application of Cepheid variable stars in astronomy?

Measuring distances to nearby galaxies Signup and view all the answers

How many atoms are present in one formula unit of potassium dichromate?

8 Signup and view all the answers

If 1026 kJ of heat increases the temperature of water from 40°C to 80°C, what will be the final temperature if an additional 1026 kJ is added?

More than 100°C but less than 120°C Signup and view all the answers

What is a key difference between an electrolytic cell and a galvanic cell?

A galvanic cell generates a positive voltage and an electrolytic cell does not. Signup and view all the answers

If the final temperature of water cannot exceed 100°C at 1 atm pressure, what would likely happen if exceeding this temperature?

The water will boil off completely. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not considered a valid empirical formula?

C6H12O6 Signup and view all the answers

Is it possible that there are undiscovered elements within the current periodic table of 118 elements?

Yes, there are likely undiscovered elements. Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of water as it gets hotter?

It increases because higher temperatures require more heat. Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic does an electrolytic cell have that distinguishes it from a galvanic cell?

Electrolytic cells require an external power source to operate. Signup and view all the answers

What is the value of the gravitational constant G?

6.67 × 10−11 N·m²/kg² Signup and view all the answers

Which constant represents the speed of light in a vacuum?

3.00 × 10⁸ m/s Signup and view all the answers

What is the value of the Coulomb constant k?

8.99 × 10⁹ N·m²/C² Signup and view all the answers

What is the specific heat capacity of water at 0°C?

4.184 J/g·K Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following values corresponds to Planck's constant?

6.626 × 10⁻³⁴ J·s Signup and view all the answers

What is the value of the universal gas constant R?

8.314 J/mol·K Signup and view all the answers

What is the value of the speed of sound at 20ºC?

343 m/s Signup and view all the answers

What is the specific heat capacity of ice?

2.09 J/g·K Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the permeability of free space?

4π × 10⁻⁷ T·m/A Signup and view all the answers

What is the value of electron mass me?

9.11 × 10−31 kg Signup and view all the answers

What is the boiling point elevation of Dead Sea water due to the NaCl concentration?

16.5°C Signup and view all the answers

Which set of elements are all members of the same group on the periodic table?

Carbon, silicon, tin, and lead Signup and view all the answers

According to the Arrhenius definition, which statement about carbon dioxide is correct?

Neither, because CO2 does not contain H or OH. Signup and view all the answers

Which reaction has the correct rate law if it is second order with respect to NO and first order with respect to H2?

Rate = k[NO]^2[H2] Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of a strong acid according to the Arrhenius definition?

It produces H+ ions when dissolved in water. Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the pH of water when carbon dioxide is dissolved in it?

The pH decreases. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary group of elements that includes nitrogen?

Pnictogens Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following reactions is balanced?

2 NO(g) + 2 H2(g) → N2(g) + 2 H2O(g) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

General Directions

Ninety minutes is ample time to complete the science contest, but two hours are allowed.
Students may finish an answer if they are writing when the time is up.
Answer sheets must be completed with answers in the assigned blanks.
Notes can be taken on the test paper, except the answer sheet.
Additional scratch paper is available from the contest director.
Each question has only one correct answer, incorrect answers result in a penalty.
Omitting a question results in no point gain or loss.
A periodic table and scientific relationships are provided.
Silent, non-graphing calculators allowed, no memory cards.
Each student may bring a spare calculator which must be cleared of all memories.
Correct answers receive 6 points; unanswered questions receive no points; incorrect answers subtract 2 points.

Biology

Organisms of the same order belong to the same family.
The integumentary system has no known function in preventing microbial invaders.
Homozygous recessive organisms cannot have progeny with a homozygous recessive genotype.
Light-harvesting pigments (for photosynthesis) are in the thylakoid membranes.
The plasma membrane does not contain ribosomes.
The eukaryotic cell cycle's nuclear division phases are Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, and Cytokinesis.
Dinosaurs went extinct 65.5 million years ago, and mammals evolved rapidly afterwards.

Chemistry

The molar mass of magnetite (Fe₃O₄) is 231.55 g/mol.
The balanced equation for the complete combustion of butane (C₄H₁₀) has a coefficient sum of 22.
Strontium's ground state electron configuration is 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s²3d¹⁰4p⁶5s²
The compound with exactly one unshared pair of valence electrons is PH₃.
Absolute zero is -273.15°C or 0 K.
In a mercury thermometer, the rising mercury level is due to the mercury atoms spreading further apart with increasing temperature.
An ideal gas law fails at high pressures or low temperatures.

Physics

The Babylonians observed Mars's backward motion.
Hubble used supernovae to measure distances to faraway galaxies.
A modern technology heavily relied on Einstein's theories is the Global Positioning System.
Venus has an axis of rotation nearly perpendicular to its orbital plane.
The acceleration of an object of mass 500 g on a spring with a period of 0.390 seconds is 130N/m
The gauge pressure at the bottom of a 3.80 m vat of cooking oil (density 0.91 g/cm³) is 0.335 atm.
The current through a 27.0 Ω resistor in series with a 47.0 Ω resistor and powered by a 12.0V battery is 162 mA.
The force acting between a balloon with a -12.0 nC charge and a Van de Graff generator with a +90.0 µC charge, separated by 45.0 cm is 0.048 N.
The magnetic field strength required to cause an electron beam to trace a circle of 22cm radius and a velocity of 4.5x10⁵ m/s is 11.6 μΤ.
The wavelength of a photon emitted by a hydrogen atom transitioning from n = 5 to n = 3 is 1282 nm.
The graph of final velocity (v) versus initial height (h) for an object thrown from a certain height would be a square root function (y=√x)

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Description

This quiz outlines the rules and guidelines for the science contest, detailing the time allowed, answer sheet requirements, and scoring penalties. Students will also find information about what materials are permissible during the contest. These instructions ensure a smooth and fair competition.