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Questions and Answers

Within the particle model of matter, increasing the temperature of a substance directly results in:

  • A stronger force of attraction between particles.
  • An increase in the speed of particle motion. (correct)
  • A decrease in the mass of the individual molecules.
  • A decrease in the potential energy of the particles.

Consider a sealed container holding a mixture of nitrogen and oxygen gas. If the container is heated, what changes would be observed at the molecular level?

  • The average speed of both nitrogen and oxygen molecules will increase. (correct)
  • The nitrogen molecules will become ionized, gaining a positive charge.
  • The number of molecules of each gas will increase due to the added energy.
  • The nitrogen molecules will chemically bond with oxygen molecules to form a compound.

You have two colorless solutions. Solution A turns blue litmus paper red, and Solution B turns red litmus paper blue. If you mix Solution A and Solution B, which outcome is most likely?

  • The mixture will become neutral, no longer changing the color of either litmus paper. (correct)
  • The mixture will explode, releasing a large amount of energy.
  • The mixture will remain acidic and continue to turn blue litmus paper red.
  • The mixture will become basic and continue to turn red litmus paper blue.

If a beaker containing water is heated on a hotplate, which type of heat transfer is primarily responsible for distributing heat throughout the water?

<p>Convection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Consider a simple series circuit containing a battery, a light bulb, and a switch. What happens to the brightness of the bulb if a second identical light bulb is added in series?

<p>The bulb will become dimmer. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the primary function of mitochondria within a cell?

<p>Generating energy through cellular respiration. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference between plant and animal cells regarding their structural components?

<p>Plant cells have a cell wall and chloroplasts, while animal cells do not. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During photosynthesis, plants convert light energy into:

<p>Chemical energy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In an ecosystem, what role do fungi and bacteria primarily play?

<p>Decomposers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following environmental issues is most directly associated with the clearing of large forested areas?

<p>Deforestation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is Matter?

Anything that has mass and occupies space, existing in solid, liquid, or gas states.

Particle Model of Matter

Tiny particles (atoms, molecules, or ions) in constant motion with forces of attraction between them.

What is an Element?

A pure substance with only one type of atom, represented by a unique symbol.

Chemical Reaction

Rearrangement of atoms and molecules to form new substances, represented by chemical equations.

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What are Acids?

A substance that produce hydrogen ions (H⁺) in water, tastes sour, and turns blue litmus paper red.

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What is Energy?

The ability to do work; existing as kinetic (motion) or potential (stored).

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Heat Transfer Types

Transfer of heat through direct contact (solids), movement of fluids (liquids/gases), or electromagnetic waves (vacuum).

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What is a Cell?

The basic unit of life; can be prokaryotic (no nucleus) or eukaryotic (nucleus).

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Photosynthesis

Process by which plants convert light energy into glucose, using carbon dioxide and water, releasing oxygen.

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What is an Ecosystem?

A community of living organisms (biotic) interacting with their physical environment (abiotic).

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Study Notes

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