Science Chapter on Phenomena
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Questions and Answers

What is a phenomenon, as defined in the text?

A phenomenon is any change or observable event that can be explained by scientific laws.

What are the two main types of phenomena discussed in the text?

  • Physical and chemical phenomena (correct)
  • Biological and geological phenomena
  • Natural and artificial phenomena
  • Simple and complex phenomena

Which of the following is NOT an example of a physical phenomenon?

  • Folding or tearing a sheet of paper
  • Breaking a stick of chalk
  • Burning wood (correct)
  • Dissolving salt in water

What are the two main characteristics of physical phenomena, as described in the text?

<p>Universality and reversibility.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Physical phenomena are always irreversible.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of chemical phenomena?

<p>They involve a change in the internal nature of a substance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

A chemical phenomenon always involves a chemical reaction.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Phenomenon

An observable event that alters the properties of matter.

Physical Phenomena

Changes that do not alter a substance's inherent nature.

Chemical Phenomena

Changes that involve a chemical reaction, altering the substance's nature.

Reversibility

The ability of a phenomenon to return to its original state.

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Universality

Characteristic that affects all objects without exception.

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Dissolving

Process of a solute mixing with a solvent, like salt in water.

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Breaking

Physical act of fracturing a solid item without changing its material properties.

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Folding

Bending a material without altering its chemical composition.

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Tearing

Separating a material into parts without changing its properties.

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Ice cubes in glass

An activity illustrating physical phenomena by observing melting.

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Control experiment

A standard for comparison in an experiment, like an empty glass.

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Chemical reaction

Process where substances change into different substances with new properties.

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Saltwater

A solution formed by dissolving salt in water, a physical change.

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Chalk stick

A solid material that can be broken, demonstrating physical phenomena.

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Paper properties

Traits that remain unchanged despite folding or tearing.

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Observation

Carefully watching and recording changes during experiments.

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Matter dynamics

The concept that matter is constantly changing and transforming.

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Alter properties

Changing the characteristics of matter through various phenomena.

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Inherent nature

The essential characteristics that define a substance.

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Observable event

An event that can be seen and measured in experiments.

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Properties of matter

Characteristics such as state, solubility, and density that define substances.

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Study Notes

Phenomena

  • Matter is dynamic, not static, undergoing transformations called phenomena.
  • Phenomena are observable events that can be explained by laws.
  • Two types of phenomena exist: physical and chemical.

Physical Phenomena

  • Do not change the inner nature of a substance.
  • Examples include:
    • Dissolving salt or sugar in water
    • Breaking a chalk stick
    • Folding or tearing paper
  • Characteristics of physical phenomena:
    • Universality: affects all substances.
    • Reversibility: stops when the cause is removed.

Chemical Phenomena

  • Significantly alter the inner nature of a substance.
  • Involve chemical reactions.

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Description

Explore the dynamic nature of matter and the two types of phenomena: physical and chemical. This quiz tests your understanding of observable events, their characteristics, and examples throughout science. Get ready to deepen your knowledge about how substances interact and change.

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