Science Chapter: Light and Spectrum

What is the name of the process by which white light is split into different colors?

Who discovered that white light can be split into a spectrum of colors?

Which piece of equipment is used to separate white light into its colors?

Red light bends the most when passing through a prism.

List the seven colors of the spectrum.

A rainbow is formed when drops of water in the air cause the __________ of light.

What conditions are required for a rainbow to form?

Match the following colors with how much they bend when passing through a prism:

Which of the following lists the colors of a rainbow in the correct order?

Isaac Newton used a triangular prism to demonstrate the dispersion of light.

What conditions are required to see a rainbow?

The range of colors seen when white light splits is called the __________.

The spectrum contains five colors that merge into one another.

Dispersion occurs because light is refracted at the same angle for all colors.

A __________ is commonly used to split white light into its spectrum.

Isaac Newton's Discovery

Newton discovered in 1666 that white light can be separated into different colors using a triangular prism.
Sunlight, when passed through a prism, breaks down into the spectrum of colours.
The colours in the spectrum gradually blend into one another.

The Spectrum

The spectrum is the range of colours visible when white light separates.
The colours are red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet (ROY G BIV).
Originally, Newton identified five or six colours, but seven are now recognised.

Dispersion

Dispersion is the splitting of white light into different colours due to the bending of light (refraction).
Each color in white light bends at a slightly different angle as it passes through a prism.
Violet light bends the most, while red light bends the least.

Rainbows

Rainbows are formed when water droplets in the air cause the dispersion of light.
Conditions required for a rainbow:
- Sunlight must be present.
- Rain or small water droplets are needed.
- The sun must be behind the observer.
The light reflects inside the water droplets.

Questions and Answers (from the worksheet)

Question 1: What is the process by which white light is split into different colours?
- Answer: Dispersion.
Question 2: Who discovered that white light can be split into a spectrum of colours?
- Answer: Isaac Newton.
Question 3: Which piece of equipment is used to separate white light into its colours?
- Answer: Triangular glass prism.
Question 4: Which colour of light is refracted the least when passing through a prism?
- Answer: Red.
Question 5: What is the correct order of colours in the spectrum?
- Answer: Red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet (ROY G BIV).

Explore the fascinating discoveries of Isaac Newton in his study of light and color. This quiz covers key concepts like dispersion, the spectrum, and the formation of rainbows. Test your knowledge about the properties of light and the colors of the rainbow discovered by Newton.