Science Chapter: Chemical Reactions & Properties

Chemical Reactions

• A chemical reaction is a change where one or more substances are formed.

Evaporation

• Evaporation is when a liquid changes into a gas.

Metals

• A metal is shiny when polished, conducts heat and electricity well, is malleable and flexible, and often has a high melting point.

Mixtures

• Mixtures are two or more substances combined, but not joined together. The substances can often be separated.

Physical Changes

• A physical change is a change where no new substances are formed. Examples include changes in state.

Properties

• A property describes how a material behaves and what it is like. Hardness is an example.

Variables

• A variable is something that can change or be changed in an experiment.

Volume

• Volume is the amount of space something takes up. It's often measured in cubic centimetres (cm³).

Atoms

• An atom is a tiny particle that makes up all substances.

Compounds

• A compound can be split into simpler substances because it contains atoms of two or more elements.

Elements

• An element is a substance made of only one type of atom.

Molecules

• Two or more atoms joined together form a molecule.

Particles

• Particles are the tiny pieces of matter that everything is made of.

Periodic Table

• The periodic table is an organized list of all known elements.

Pure Substances

• A pure substance is a single substance with nothing else mixed in it.

Properties

• A property describes how a material behaves and what it is like.

Boiling Point

• The boiling point is the temperature at which a liquid boils.

Brittle

• A brittle substance breaks easily under force.

Conductor of Electricity

• A conductor allows electricity to pass through it easily.

Conductor of Heat

• A conductor allows heat to pass through it easily.

Ductile

• A ductile material, like metal, can be pulled into a wire without breaking.

Flexible

• A flexible substance can bend without breaking.

Insulator

• An insulator does not allow something to pass through it, such as heat or electricity.

Malleable

• A malleable substance can be beaten or bent into shape without breaking.

Magnetic

• A magnetic material is attracted to a magnet.

Melting Point

• Melting point is the temperature at which a solid turns into a liquid.

Non-metals

• Non-metals are elements that are not shiny, do not conduct heat or electricity well, and are often not flexible.

Ore

• Ore is a type of rock containing enough of a metal to make it worth mining.

Chemical Reactions

• A chemical reaction forms one or more new substances.

Physical Changes

• A physical change produces no new substances; for example, a change in state.

Products

• Products are the new substances formed in a chemical reaction.

Reactants

• Reactants are the substances participating in a chemical reaction.

Thermal Decomposition

• Thermal decomposition is breaking down a compound into simpler substances using heat.

Word Equation

• A word equation shows reactants (on the left) reacting to form products (on the right).