Questions and Answers
What is matter?
How is matter classified?
Every sample of matter must be an element, a mixture, and a compound.
What is an element?
A substance that cannot be made into a simpler state, even by chemical means.
Why are carbon and copper classified as elements?
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What is an atom?
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What element makes up the largest percentage of the total weight of the body?
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What is a molecule?
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How are elements related to compounds?
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What is a compound?
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What is the relationship between compounds and molecules?
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How do compounds have unique properties?
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Do chemical formulas represent compounds?
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What is a pure substance?
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What is a mixture?
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How are elements and compounds classified?
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How are mixtures classified?
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What is a heterogeneous mixture?
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What is a homogeneous mixture?
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What does miscible mean?
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What does immiscible mean?
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Give an example of a homogeneous mixture.
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What is an alloy?
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Study Notes
Matter
- Defined as anything with mass that occupies space; excludes light and sound.
Classification of Matter
- Matter is categorized as elements, mixtures, or compounds.
Element
- A pure substance that cannot be simplified chemically.
- Carbon and copper are elements as they consist solely of their respective atoms.
Atom
- The smallest unit of an element retaining its chemical properties.
Body Composition
- Oxygen represents 65% of the body's total weight, making it the most abundant element.
Molecule
- The smallest unit of a substance that maintains the properties of that substance.
Relationship between Elements and Compounds
- Elements can combine to form compounds; for example, water (H2O) consists of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom.
Compound
- A substance consisting of atoms from different elements, each with unique properties.
Chemical Characterization
- Each molecule in a compound features two or more chemically combined elements; represented by chemical formulas like H2O.
Purity
- A pure substance has a fixed composition and is not mixed with other substances.
Mixture
- A combination of substances that are not chemically bonded.
Classification of Mixtures
- Mixtures can be classified based on how well their components are blended.
Heterogeneous Mixture
- Mixtures that are not uniformly mixed, exhibiting distinct regions.
Homogeneous Mixture
- Mixtures that are evenly combined, resulting in a consistent composition.
Miscibility
- Refers to the ability of substances to mix; miscible substances can be blended, while immiscible substances cannot.
Specific Mixture Examples
- Carbonated drinks are categorized as homogeneous mixtures.
Alloy
- A metal created by combining two or more metallic elements to enhance strength or corrosion resistance.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the basics of matter with these flashcards from Chapter 2. Learn about classifications, elements, and definitions related to matter. Perfect for students wanting to reinforce their understanding of scientific concepts.
