30 Questions
What did Aristotle define man as?
Rational animal
How does Aristotle describe human decision making?
Dependent on rational choices
What is the destiny of human beings?
To live in both spiritual and physical worlds
What is the main purpose of Science and Technology according to the text?
To satisfy material needs
How does the text describe the role of human beings in society?
As responsible for researches and innovations
What theory is used to model human decision making according to the text?
Rational choice theory
How did the early humans evolve from four-legged species?
Walking upright
What is one of the activities that led to advances in tools and tool-making for early humans?
Foraging, hunting, and fishing
What material was NOT used by early humans in making tools?
Plastic
What did early humans learn to produce and use in terms of tool-making?
Fire
What did the adoption of permanent settlements lead to for early humans?
Development of agriculture
What did early humans start doing due to being hunters and gatherers?
Settling in one place and domesticating animals
What purpose did animals like oxen or horses serve after being domesticated?
For plowing and transportation
What was a key factor contributing to the evolution of larger and more complex human brains?
Changes in the physical environment
What is the main function of the family unit among humans?
Forming an emotional connection and serving as an economic unit
Which animals were the first to be raised by humans for various purposes according to the text?
Goats, sheep, and chickens
What changes in the human body are mentioned 6 million years ago?
Short bodies and long guts
How did humans adapt to the challenges in the changing environment according to the text?
By evolving bigger bodies and brains
What does Aristotle consider the highest good of human endeavors?
Eudaimonia
How does Aristotle define the good proper to human beings?
Activities in which human life functions are realized
In the context of human flourishing, what is Eudaimonia synonymous with?
Happiness
What is described as a descriptor of positive mental health according to the text?
Flourishing
What anchors the concept of religion and belief in God to human flourishing according to the text?
Heaven
What did Edward W. Younkins suggest as the means to achieving earthly happiness or flourishing?
Reason and the acquisition of virtue
What are the 5 pillars of human flourishing in the Well-Being Theory?
Positive emotion, engagement, relationships, meaning, accomplishment
Which pillar of human flourishing involves experiences like being one with the music and losing self-consciousness during an absorbing activity?
Engagement
According to the Well-Being Theory, what contributes to the 'engaged life'?
Experiences where self-consciousness is lost during an absorbing activity
What does the 'achieving life' focus on in the context of human flourishing?
Accomplishment for the sake of accomplishment
'Meaning and Accomplishment' are two pillars of human flourishing in the Well-Being Theory. What does 'meaning' refer to?
Belonging to something bigger than oneself
'Human enhancement through technology is ubiquitous' is mentioned in the text. What does 'ubiquitous' mean in this context?
'Ubiquitous' means widespread and prevalent
Study Notes
Human Flourishing
- Human being is an individual person that makes up the society and is responsible for the researches and innovations available today.
- According to Aristotle, man is defined as a rational animal because he can think and use reason consistently.
Characteristics of Human that Evolved Over Time
- Walking upright: humans evolved from four-legged species to walking upright individuals to gather food and find shelter for their survival.
- Use of different tools: humans used stones, wood, bone, ivory, and metals to provide a wide range of food supply and learned to produce and use fire.
- Domestication of animals: early humans started domesticating animals for clothing, medicine, and shelters.
- Changes in human body: short bodies and long guts (6 million years ago), tall bodies and short guts (9 million years ago), compact bodies and short gut (400,000 years ago).
- Complexity of the brains: the brain size tripled, and became the largest and most complex of any living primate.
- Social life: humans depend on social life, sharing foods, caring for infants, and building social networks to help them survive.
Human Flourishing
- Defined as an effort to achieve self-actualization and fulfillment within the context of a larger community of individuals.
- Encompasses the uniqueness, dignity, diversity, freedom, happiness, and holistic well-being.
- Achieving human flourishing is a life-long existential journey of hopes, achievements, regrets, losses, illness, suffering, and coping.
Aristotle's Concept of Human Flourishing
- According to Aristotle, there is an end to all the actions that we perform which we describe for itself.
- Eudaimonia, flourishing, or happiness is the highest good of human endeavors.
- The good proper to human beings is the activities in which the life functions specific to human beings are most fully realized.
Well-Being Theory
- Formulated by Martin E.P. Seligman, human flourishing is not only focused on the happiness of individuals alone but also in psychological well-being.
- 5 pillars of human flourishing (PERMA): Positive Emotion, Engagement, Relationships, Meaning, and Accomplishment.
PERMA
- Positive Emotion: includes pleasure, rapture, ecstasy, warmth, comfort, and other emotions that later could fade away when emotions are gone.
- Engagement: all about flow, being one with the music, tie stopping, and the loss of self-consciousness during an absorbing activity.
- Relationships: the feeling of satisfaction, flourishing, or well-being can be experienced when we are in relationship or with other people.
- Meaning: human beings want a "meaningful life", like belonging to and serving something that you believe is bigger than you are.
- Accomplishment: define as something that is successful, or that is achieved after a lot of work or efforts.
Test your understanding of Chapter 7 'Human Flourishing' in the subject of Science & Technology. Covering topics like the definition of human flourishing, needs of humans, and pillars of Well-Being Theory.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
