Science and Technology: Human Flourishing Chapter 7 Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What did Aristotle define man as?

  • Spiritual animal
  • Rational animal (correct)
  • Physical creature
  • Irrational being
  • How does Aristotle describe human decision making?

  • Based on random choices
  • Driven by emotions only
  • Inconsistent and illogical
  • Dependent on rational choices (correct)
  • What is the destiny of human beings?

  • To live in both spiritual and physical worlds (correct)
  • To transcend earthly existence
  • To live in isolation
  • To only exist in the physical world
  • What is the main purpose of Science and Technology according to the text?

    <p>To satisfy material needs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the text describe the role of human beings in society?

    <p>As responsible for researches and innovations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What theory is used to model human decision making according to the text?

    <p>Rational choice theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the early humans evolve from four-legged species?

    <p>Walking upright</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the activities that led to advances in tools and tool-making for early humans?

    <p>Foraging, hunting, and fishing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What material was NOT used by early humans in making tools?

    <p>Plastic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did early humans learn to produce and use in terms of tool-making?

    <p>Fire</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the adoption of permanent settlements lead to for early humans?

    <p>Development of agriculture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did early humans start doing due to being hunters and gatherers?

    <p>Settling in one place and domesticating animals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What purpose did animals like oxen or horses serve after being domesticated?

    <p>For plowing and transportation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a key factor contributing to the evolution of larger and more complex human brains?

    <p>Changes in the physical environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the family unit among humans?

    <p>Forming an emotional connection and serving as an economic unit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which animals were the first to be raised by humans for various purposes according to the text?

    <p>Goats, sheep, and chickens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What changes in the human body are mentioned 6 million years ago?

    <p>Short bodies and long guts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did humans adapt to the challenges in the changing environment according to the text?

    <p>By evolving bigger bodies and brains</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Aristotle consider the highest good of human endeavors?

    <p>Eudaimonia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Aristotle define the good proper to human beings?

    <p>Activities in which human life functions are realized</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of human flourishing, what is Eudaimonia synonymous with?

    <p>Happiness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is described as a descriptor of positive mental health according to the text?

    <p>Flourishing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What anchors the concept of religion and belief in God to human flourishing according to the text?

    <p>Heaven</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Edward W. Younkins suggest as the means to achieving earthly happiness or flourishing?

    <p>Reason and the acquisition of virtue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the 5 pillars of human flourishing in the Well-Being Theory?

    <p>Positive emotion, engagement, relationships, meaning, accomplishment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pillar of human flourishing involves experiences like being one with the music and losing self-consciousness during an absorbing activity?

    <p>Engagement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Well-Being Theory, what contributes to the 'engaged life'?

    <p>Experiences where self-consciousness is lost during an absorbing activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the 'achieving life' focus on in the context of human flourishing?

    <p>Accomplishment for the sake of accomplishment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Meaning and Accomplishment' are two pillars of human flourishing in the Well-Being Theory. What does 'meaning' refer to?

    <p>Belonging to something bigger than oneself</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Human enhancement through technology is ubiquitous' is mentioned in the text. What does 'ubiquitous' mean in this context?

    <p>'Ubiquitous' means widespread and prevalent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Human Flourishing

    • Human being is an individual person that makes up the society and is responsible for the researches and innovations available today.
    • According to Aristotle, man is defined as a rational animal because he can think and use reason consistently.

    Characteristics of Human that Evolved Over Time

    • Walking upright: humans evolved from four-legged species to walking upright individuals to gather food and find shelter for their survival.
    • Use of different tools: humans used stones, wood, bone, ivory, and metals to provide a wide range of food supply and learned to produce and use fire.
    • Domestication of animals: early humans started domesticating animals for clothing, medicine, and shelters.
    • Changes in human body: short bodies and long guts (6 million years ago), tall bodies and short guts (9 million years ago), compact bodies and short gut (400,000 years ago).
    • Complexity of the brains: the brain size tripled, and became the largest and most complex of any living primate.
    • Social life: humans depend on social life, sharing foods, caring for infants, and building social networks to help them survive.

    Human Flourishing

    • Defined as an effort to achieve self-actualization and fulfillment within the context of a larger community of individuals.
    • Encompasses the uniqueness, dignity, diversity, freedom, happiness, and holistic well-being.
    • Achieving human flourishing is a life-long existential journey of hopes, achievements, regrets, losses, illness, suffering, and coping.

    Aristotle's Concept of Human Flourishing

    • According to Aristotle, there is an end to all the actions that we perform which we describe for itself.
    • Eudaimonia, flourishing, or happiness is the highest good of human endeavors.
    • The good proper to human beings is the activities in which the life functions specific to human beings are most fully realized.

    Well-Being Theory

    • Formulated by Martin E.P. Seligman, human flourishing is not only focused on the happiness of individuals alone but also in psychological well-being.
    • 5 pillars of human flourishing (PERMA): Positive Emotion, Engagement, Relationships, Meaning, and Accomplishment.

    PERMA

    • Positive Emotion: includes pleasure, rapture, ecstasy, warmth, comfort, and other emotions that later could fade away when emotions are gone.
    • Engagement: all about flow, being one with the music, tie stopping, and the loss of self-consciousness during an absorbing activity.
    • Relationships: the feeling of satisfaction, flourishing, or well-being can be experienced when we are in relationship or with other people.
    • Meaning: human beings want a "meaningful life", like belonging to and serving something that you believe is bigger than you are.
    • Accomplishment: define as something that is successful, or that is achieved after a lot of work or efforts.

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    Description

    Test your understanding of Chapter 7 'Human Flourishing' in the subject of Science & Technology. Covering topics like the definition of human flourishing, needs of humans, and pillars of Well-Being Theory.

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