Science and Human Flourishing
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Questions and Answers

What event marked the beginning of mass production of reading materials?

  • Invention of printing (correct)
  • Development of the telescope
  • Era of enlightenment
  • Scientific Revolution

    • Which scientific field experienced a shift from geocentrism to heliocentrism?

  • Astronomy (correct)
  • Biology
  • Physics
  • Chemistry

    • What did the Scientific Revolution primarily foster in various fields?

  • Increased artistic expression
  • Philosophical debates
  • Mass production techniques
  • Scientific processes and experimentations (correct)

    • How is science best defined?

    <p>An organized body of knowledge about the natural and physical world</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the role of the Era of Enlightenment?

    <p>It nurtured the development of various scientific disciplines.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one major contribution of physics during the Scientific Revolution?

    <p>The formulation of the scientific method</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of science did Gribbin refer to with his historical perspective?

    <p>Scientific developments over time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following was NOT considered a major field of advancement during the Scientific Revolution?

    <p>Nutrition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does enframing mean in Heidegger's view?

    <p>A mindset of control and exploitation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structural change occurred in early human bones around 50,000 years ago?

    <p>Bones were smooth and weaker</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Aristotle describe humans?

    <p>As rational thinkers capable of reasoning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant development occurred following the practice of metal smelting?

    <p>The introduction of bronze tools</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did environmental challenges influence human development?

    <p>They led to inventions and technological advancements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best defines 'eudaimonia'?

    <p>A contented state of being happy, healthy, and prosperous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the early practices of hunters and gatherers?

    <p>Domestication of animals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Rational Choice Theory suggest about human satisfaction?

    <p>It is dictated by personal preferences and rational calculations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is NOT considered part of the social environment influencing humans?

    <p>Economic status</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do humans play in Heidegger's concept of enframing?

    <p>Organizers and manipulators of the world</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the origin of the term 'society'?

    <p>A Latin word meaning friendly association with others</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Aristotle, what is the primary outcome of humans pursuing their desires?

    <p>Reaching eudaimonia or flourishing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would occur if humans ceased to exist, according to the content?

    <p>Society would cease to exist and halt growth and development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about social life is incorrect?

    <p>Humans thrive in isolation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which materials did early humans use to create tools?

    <p>Natural substances like stone, wood, and bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What academic field is associated with virtue ethics?

    <p>Normative Ethical Theories</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ultimate basis of happiness for theists?

    <p>Communion with God</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic is NOT a feature of intellectual virtues?

    <p>They are inherent traits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does humanism emphasize about individuals?

    <p>They are the captains of their own ships</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which emotional trait is linked with intellectual virtue?

    <p>Love of truth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does moral virtue develop according to the provided content?

    <p>Through practical wisdom and habit.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT considered an intellectual virtue?

    <p>Excellent mathematical ability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do good thinkers approach knowledge?

    <p>With honesty and humility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What motivates individuals with intellectual virtue?

    <p>Truthfulness and honesty</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes intellectual virtues?

    <p>They aim to achieve intellectual goods.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does experience and time play in the development of intellectual virtues?

    <p>They are necessary for development.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pair of characteristics does courage bridge according to the text?

    <p>Rashness and cowardice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do instructions play in acquiring intellectual virtues?

    <p>They guide practice and help in learning virtues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about happiness is true?

    <p>Happiness is a state of well-being and contentment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these best defines persistence as a moral virtue?

    <p>The act of continuing despite challenges.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following distinctions between pleasure and happiness is correct?

    <p>Pleasure is a significant component of happiness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common feature of intellectual virtues?

    <p>They involve a mean between excess and deficiency.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Science

    • Began with the invention of the printing press, which allowed for mass production of reading materials
    • A body of knowledge about the natural and physical world
    • It is an idea, theory, belief, and systematic reasoning and observations of the natural and physical world
    • Enframing, by Heidegger, states that humans manipulate nature to serve our needs, instead of seeing it for what it is
    • Modernizes the understanding and practices of science by leading to experimentation and scientific processes

    Flourishing of Humans

    • Homo sapiens are the backbone of today’s society
    • Science and technology satisfy man’s material needs and desires in this world
    • Human satisfaction is based on rational calculations dictated by personal preferences
    • Humans are known as rational thinkers, capable of thinking and reasoning
    • Humans forage, hunt, and fish for food consumption
    • Humans practiced metals smelting which led to the use of bronze
    • Humans domesticated animals for clothing, medicine, and shelters
    • Humans started to permanently settle
    • Humans have complex brains that changed due to environmental challenges, like climate, diet, food availability, group size, parental care
    • Humans are social beings
    • Interactions within social groups led to the formation of society, which allows for mutual support and the cultivation of culture

    Eudaimonia

    • It is a state of well-being and contentment that can be understood as happiness
    • It is the ability to live a good life, where humans need to satisfy their needs and demands
    • According to Aristotle, when humans desire ends, we reach eudaimonia, flourishing, or happiness
    • Defined as a contented state of being happy, healthy, and prosperous
    • An objective state that is the ideal emotional state of a well-lived life

    Humanism

    • Espouses the freedom of man to carve his own destiny and to legislate his own laws.
    • Man is literally the captain of his own ship.
    • Humanists see themselves not merely as stewards of creation but as individuals who are in control of themselves and the world outside them.

    Intellectual Virtues

    • Excellent personal traits or character strength that are deemed to be morally good for thinking and learning
    • Intellectual virtues include: theoretical wisdom (thinking and truth), practical wisdom, and understanding.
    • Experience and time are necessary requirements for the development of intellectual virtue
    • Intellectual virtues are acquired by practicing, guided by instructions
    • Intellectual virtues include excellent character traits, involve human emotions, intentions, motivations, and values, and are aimed at cognitive goods
    • Intellectual virtue is about a person’s excellent disposition in life concerning decision making and criticism

    Moral Virtues

    • Moral virtues are controlled by practical wisdom
    • Development is nurtured as a habit
    • Moral virtues include: patience, courage, and perseverance
    • Good thinking and learning require being intellectually careful, honest, with humility, and being attentive
    • Moral virtues are about the ability to endure difficult circumstances, confronting uncertainty, and doing something despite difficulty or delay in achieving success

    Pleasure vs Happiness

    • Pleasure is a positive, enjoyable or worth seeking mental state that gives a feeling of satisfaction and enjoyment
    • Happiness is a state of well-being and contentment
    • Pleasure is a significant component of happiness
    • Happiness will not last a lifetime
    • Happiness is a state of well-being and contentment

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    Description

    Explore the evolution of science and its intersection with human development. This quiz covers topics from the invention of the printing press to modern scientific processes and the role of humans as rational thinkers. Delve into how science satisfies human needs and desires in our society.

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