Science 7 Third Quarter: Waves, Heat, Light Quiz

Science 7 Third Quarter: Waves, Heat, Light

In Science 7's third quarter, students explore various scientific concepts including waves, heat, and light. These topics are interconnected and play a significant role in understanding our physical world.

Waves

Properties of Waves

Waves have several common properties such as amplitude, wavelength, frequency, period, and speed. Amplitude is the maximum displacement in wave motion, while wavelength refers to the distance between two consecutive crests or troughs. Frequency denotes the number of oscillations per unit time, and period is the reciprocal of frequency. Speed depends on these factors, with the equation being v = fλ, where v represents velocity, f stands for frequency, and λ means wavelength.

Types of Waves

There are primarily three types of waves: transverse waves, longitudinal waves, and surface waves. Transverse waves move particles up and down, while longitudinal waves make the particles vibrate parallel to their direction of motion. Surface waves can be found in fluids like water or air and involve the vibration of the wave across the fluid's surface.

Heat

Temperature & Thermal Energy

Temperature measures the average kinetic energy of molecules. As temperature rises, more thermal energy is added to the system, which causes more frequent molecular collisions. This results in faster moving molecules, leading to what we experience as increased heat.

Conduction, Radiation, & Convection

Heat transfer occurs through conduction, radiation, and convection. In conduction, heat flows from warmer areas to cooler areas without the need for a medium. Radiation involves electromagnetic energy propagating through space without a medium. Finally, convection takes place when a fluid changes phase due to heat interaction, resulting in the movement of a heated material.

Light

Electromagnetic Spectrum

Light is part of the broader electromagnetic spectrum, and it ranges from radio waves to gamma rays. Visible light occupies only a small portion of this spectrum, specifically between approximately 400 nm (blue) and 780 nm (red).

Refraction

Refraction is the bending of light as it passes through different media. It occurs because the speed of light varies depending on the medium. This leads to different angles of incidence and refraction with varying indices of refraction.