Questions and Answers
How does moving water cause erosion?
As the water moves, it picks up soil and rocks.
How does water shape Earth's surface?
Water causes erosion which changes Earth's surface and creates different forms such as gullies, streams, and even rivers.
How are glaciers formed?
Glaciers form when snow melts quickly; slowly year after year, this snow builds higher.
What landforms are created by glacial erosion and deposition?
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How does wind shape Earth's surface?
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How do waves shape Earth's surface?
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What landforms are created by wave erosion and deposition?
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What is a gully?
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What are streams?
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What is a meander?
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What is an oxbow lake?
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What is runoff?
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What is a spit?
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What are sandbars?
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Study Notes
Erosion and Water Dynamics
- Moving water erodes soil and rocks by picking them up as it flows.
- Erosion from water reshapes Earth's surface, forming features like gullies, streams, and rivers.
Glaciers Formation and Impact
- Glaciers develop from accumulating snow that melts and refreezes over time.
- Glacial erosion carves valleys, producing landforms such as fjords and horns.
Wind as an Erosive Force
- Wind smoothens rocks through abrasion, wearing down surfaces.
- Wind removes loose particles from land in a process known as deflation, lowering the terrain.
- Wind carries sand to create coastal dunes, which protect shorelines.
Wave Action and Coastal Geography
- Waves erode coastlines by crashing against rocks, leading to the formation of wave-cut cliffs and sea caves.
- Erosion and deposition by waves can create distinctive coastal landforms, including hollow caves.
Key Landforms from Erosion and Deposition
- A gully is a groove in the landscape that channels storm runoff.
- Streams are waterways that continuously carry water downstream.
- Meanders are loop-like bends found in rivers, while oxbow lakes are formed when a meander becomes cut off from its river.
- Runoff refers to excess rainfall that moves across the ground, transporting sediment.
- A spit is a beach extension into the water due to deposition, while sandbars are elongated sand ridges formed offshore from accumulated sediment.
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Description
Explore the fundamental concepts of how moving water and glaciers shape the Earth's surface through erosion and sediment transport. These flashcards cover key definitions and processes that define our planet's geography.