SCI-100: Environmental, Health and Safety (EHS) - Ergonomics
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary goal of ergonomic design?

  • To increase the use of technology in the workplace
  • To make the work environment more aesthetically pleasing
  • To reduce the number of workers in the workplace
  • To make the most efficient use of worker capabilities while ensuring job demands do not exceed those capabilities (correct)

    • What is the definition of ergonomics according to the dictionary?

  • The application of knowledge to the design of people for safe and efficient work
  • The design and arrangements of things so that they interact efficiently and safely with people (correct)
  • The study of workplace safety and health
  • The science of fitting people to jobs

    • What is the term for the application of knowledge to the design of the workplace for safe and efficient worker use?

  • Good ergonomic design
  • Workplace safety
  • Job analysis
  • Ergonomic design (correct)

    • What type of injuries are being compared to other hazards in the chart provided?

    <p>Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of ergonomic control methods?

    <p>To eliminate or reduce work-related MSDs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three components of the workplace that are affected by ergonomic design?

    <p>Work stations, tools, and equipment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSD) in the workplace?

    <p>Overexertion from lifting or carrying</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSD)?

    <p>Swelling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following areas is most commonly affected by Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSD)?

    <p>Back</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a risk factor for developing Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSD)?

    <p>Repetitive motion during work</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common consequence of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSD)?

    <p>Loss of motion or flexibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common ergonomic hazard in the workplace?

    <p>Localized pressure into the body part</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of an engineering control method to reduce ergonomic hazards?

    <p>Ergonomically designed tools</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of an ergonomic program towards employees?

    <p>Provide Comfort</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a proper work practice to reduce ergonomic hazards?

    <p>Work rotation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should employees be trained on according to OSHAD – COP 14?

    <p>Procedures to request an ergonomic worksite assessment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a benefit of an ergonomic program towards employers?

    <p>Reduce Worker’s compensation costs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) used to reduce ergonomic hazards?

    <p>Gripping gloves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a benefit of an ergonomic program towards employees?

    <p>Prevent Injuries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of an ergonomic control method to reduce load weight?

    <p>Load weight reduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first line of defense in the Hierarchy of Fall Hazard Control?

    <p>Eliminate the fall hazard</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a common fall hazard?

    <p>Elevated Work Stations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the title of the outline provided by OSHAD?

    <p>Working at Heights</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the third and last resort in the Hierarchy of Fall Hazard Control?

    <p>Control the fall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a fall hazard control?

    <p>Hole Covers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the topics covered in the OSHAD outline?

    <p>Prevent Falling object injuries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of eliminating or substituting hazards?

    <p>To minimize the risk of injury or illness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a symptom of hypothermia?

    <p>Uncontrolled shivering</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a type of administrative control for protecting against heat?

    <p>Emergency plan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a type of PPE used to protect against extreme cold?

    <p>Layered clothing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a health effect of extreme heat?

    <p>Dry skin, dizziness, confusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an engineering control measure for protecting against heat?

    <p>Air conditioning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an administrative control measure for protecting against cold?

    <p>Adjust work schedule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should employees be aware of according to OSHAD – COP 11?

    <p>The hazards of working in heat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of Ministerial Resolution No 32 of 1982?

    <p>Preventing employees from being harmed by hazards in the workplace</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following titles in the Labour Law, Federal Law No 8 of 1980, specifically relate to occupational safety and health?

    <p>5, 8, 10, 11</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the focus of Ministerial Resolution No 4/1 of 1981?

    <p>Limiting working hours in hazardous industries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following Ministerial Resolutions prohibits minors from working in defined hazardous industries?

    <p>Ministerial Resolution No 5/1 of 1981</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the focus of Ministerial Resolution No 6/1 of 1981?

    <p>Prohibiting women from working in defined hazardous industries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the title of the Labour Law, Federal Law No 8 of 1980, as amended?

    <p>The Labour Law, Federal Law No 8 of 1980</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which year was the Environmental Health and Safety Management System (EHSMS) established in Abu Dhabi?

    <p>2009</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary aim of the Abu Dhabi Occupational Safety and Health System Framework (OSHAD SF)?

    <p>To improve occupational health and safety in Abu Dhabi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is responsible for supervising and monitoring the implementation of OSHAD SF?

    <p>Abu Dhabi Public Health Center (ADPHC)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the objectives of the Abu Dhabi Occupational Safety and Health System Framework (OSHAD SF)?

    <p>To consolidate the status of workers and their morale</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who delegated the sectors regulatory authorities according to the Degree No.(42) for 2009?

    <p>Competent Authority</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of OSHAD?

    <p>To supervise the implementation of OSHAD SF</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the benefits of OSHAD SF?

    <p>To enhance the reputation of employers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of the Abu Dhabi Environmental Health and Safety Management System (EHSMS)?

    <p>To ensure the implementation of the Abu Dhabi Emirate Environment, Health and Safety Management System</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the entities that manage the ten sectors, in addition to the governmental entities?

    <p>Sector Regulatory Authorities (SRAs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the OSHAD-SF Systems Manual?

    <p>To explain the Mandatory requirements of OSHAD-SF</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a mandatory document that entities must ensure usage during the development of their OSHMS?

    <p>Glossary of Terms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the minimum mandatory requirements that entities must incorporate into their OSHMS?

    <p>OSHAD-SF System Elements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the competent authority that manages the ten sectors?

    <p>ADPHC Center</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the OSHAD-SF System Elements?

    <p>To provide the minimum mandatory requirements for OSHMS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is included in the OSHAD-SF Systems Manual?

    <p>Mandatory and non-mandatory requirements of OSHAD-SF</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the OSHAD-SF System and the Sector Regulatory Authorities (SRAs)?

    <p>The SRAs are entities that manage the ten sectors, in addition to the governmental entities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Technical Guideline in OSHAD-SF?

    <p>To provide non-mandatory information and guidance on achieving a requirement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary responsibility of employers according to OSHAD-SF Element 1?

    <p>To maintain a workplace that is, as far as reasonably practicable, safe and without risk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of incorporating international and local standards in OSHAD-SF?

    <p>To ensure entities incorporate best practices and standards</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Glossary of Terms in OSHAD-SF?

    <p>To define the terms and values used in OSHAD-SF</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the OSHAD-SF Manual?

    <p>To provide technical guidance on implementing OSHAD-SF</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Code of Practice in OSHAD-SF?

    <p>To provide standards and guidelines for entities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Standards and Guidelines in OSHAD-SF?

    <p>To provide standards and guidelines for entities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Values in OSHAD-SF?

    <p>To define the terms and values used in OSHAD-SF</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the penalty for breaching any Law, Regulation or Ministerial Decisions, preventing or attempting to stop an official in the implementation of any Law?

    <p>Imprisonment and/or a fine of AED 10,000</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the penalty for employing a foreigner without obtaining a work permit?

    <p>Imprisonment and/or a fine of AED 50,000</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum penalty that can be compounded for repeat offences?

    <p>AED 5,000,000</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the penalty for closing down or ceasing an activity completely without settling the insured persons?

    <p>Imprisonment and/or a fine of AED 50,000</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the penalty for failure to remove/correct a violation, take measures to protect workers from hazards, report an occupational accident or death?

    <p>Imprisonment and/or a fine of AED 3,000-10,000</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the penalty for disclosure by an official of any commercial information?

    <p>Imprisonment and/or a fine of AED 10,000</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Ergonomics and Working Environment

    • Ergonomics is the science of fitting jobs to people, designing workplaces (tasks, equipment, environment) for safe and efficient worker use.
    • Good ergonomic design makes the most efficient use of worker capabilities while ensuring job demands do not exceed those capabilities.

    How Ergonomic Injuries Happen

    • Overexertion of body from lifting or carrying
    • Bodily reaction to stimuli
    • Repetitive motion during work
    • Working in awkward postures or same postures for long periods
    • Localized pressure into the body part
    • Prolonged vibration from equipment

    Common Ergonomic Symptoms

    • Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSD) affect muscles, nerves, blood vessels, ligaments, and tendons
    • Symptoms: discomfort, burning, pain, swelling, numbness, tingling, loss of motion/flexibility, inflammation, throbbing, paralysis
    • Most commonly affected areas: back, arms, elbows, shoulders, neck, hands, wrists, fingers, knees, ankles, and feet

    Ergonomic Control Methods

    • Examples of engineering controls: work station design and setup, ergonomically designed tools, ergonomically designed equipment, load weight reduction
    • Examples of proper work practices: proper lifting techniques, team lift heavy/bulky/awkward loads, stretch, work rotation, task variety, increase rest breaks
    • Examples of PPE: gripping gloves, knee pads, vibration gloves, thermal gloves, lifting straps, shoulder harness, lifting braces

    Benefits of an Ergonomic Program

    • Towards Employee: provide comfort, reduce fatigue, prevent injuries, increase job satisfaction, decrease boredom, decrease stress
    • Towards Employer: reduce worker's compensation costs, increase productivity, minimize errors, maintain product quality, increase profit

    OSHAD – COP 14: Manual Handling and Ergonomic

    • Employees shall be trained on: procedures to request an ergonomic worksite assessment, how to ensure their worksite is ergonomically correct, early warning signs of an ergonomic injury or illness, procedures for reporting of ergonomic injury or illness

    Extreme Temperature

    • Protection against heat: engineering controls (air conditioning, ventilation, cooling fans), administrative controls (emergency plan, acclimatization, adequate water, work/rest cycles), PPE (insulated PPE, thermal clothing)
    • Health Effects of Heat: uncontrolled shivering, slurred speech, memory loss, blue/purple skin

    Extreme Temperature (continued)

    • Protection against cold: engineering controls (heaters, shield work areas), administrative controls (warm liquids, adjust work schedule, buddy system), PPE (layered clothing, hat or hood, face cover, gloves, insulated and waterproof boots)
    • Health Effects of Cold: hypothermia (body temperature drops ≤95F), frostbite (exposed to ≤0F air)

    OSHAD – COP 11: Safety in the Heat

    • Employees shall be aware of: training on the hazards of working in heat, importance of maintaining good hydration and eating a well-balanced diet

    Common Fall Hazards

    • Overhead Platforms
    • Overhead Runways
    • Elevated Work Stations
    • Floor Openings/Pits
    • Wall Openings
    • Shelving Units
    • Stationary Storage Tanks
    • Tanker Trucks
    • Industrial Production Units

    Fall Hazard Controls

    • Hierarchy of Fall Hazard Control: eliminate the fall hazard, prevent the fall, control the fall
    • Examples of fall hazard controls: handrail/guardrail, safety harness, hole covers

    Labour Law and Ministerial Resolutions

    • The Labour Law, Federal Law No 8 of 1980 (as amended), consists of 12 clauses, including definitions and general provisions, employment of workers, work contracts, working hours and leave, health and social security, and termination of work contracts.
    • Ministerial Resolution No 32 of 1982 concerns methods of preventing employees from being harmed by hazards in the workplace.
    • Ministerial Resolution No 37/2 of 1982 sets standards of medical care that an employer must provide for employees.
    • Ministerial Resolution No 4/1 of 1981 limits working hours in hazardous industries.
    • Ministerial Resolution No 5/1 of 1981 prohibits minors from working in defined hazardous industries.
    • Ministerial Resolution No 6/1 of 1981 prohibits women from working in defined hazardous industries.

    Abu Dhabi Occupational Safety and Health (OSHAD)

    • OSHAD aims to ensure the implementation of the Abu Dhabi Emirate Environment, Health, and Safety Management System.
    • OSHAD supervises the implementation of OSHAD SF by government departments, sectors, and individual entities.
    • OSHAD investigates occupational health and safety incidents, conducts audits and inspections.

    Abu Dhabi Occupational Safety and Health System Framework (OSHAD SF)

    • OSHAD SF aims to control risks and incidents, improve occupational health, provide innovative workplaces, and develop human resources.
    • OSHAD SF objectives include minimizing medical treatment costs and absenteeism, increasing productivity, and enhancing employer reputation.

    OSHAD Implementations

    • The sectors regulatory authorities are delegated by the competent authority according to Degree No. (42) for 2009.
    • There are ten sectors regulatory authorities, including industry, building, energy, transport, tourism, health, education, food, waste, and commercial activities.

    OSHAD-SF Systems

    • OSHAD-SF Systems consist of mandatory and non-mandatory requirements, including a manual, glossary of terms, standards and guidelines, and technical guidance documents.
    • Entities are required to develop an OSHMS that incorporates OSHAD-SF elements.

    Role of Employer

    • Employers are responsible for providing and maintaining a safe and healthy workplace for employees, contractors, and other relevant persons.

    Sanctions

    • Penalties for breaching labour laws and regulations include imprisonment and fines, up to AED 5,000,000 for repeat offences.

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    SCI-100 Environmental, Health, and Safety (EHS) PDF
    SCI-100 Environmental, Health and Safety (EHS) PDF

    Description

    This quiz covers ergonomic and working environment topics, including risk factors and control methods for work-related musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs).

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