Schools of Thought on Human Behavior
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Questions and Answers

What was the primary focus of William James in his studies?

  • Observable behavior
  • Internal sensory experiences
  • Structural elements of the mind
  • Adaptive functions of the mind (correct)
  • Who is considered the founder of the functionalism school of thought?

  • Max Wertheimer
  • William James (correct)
  • Edward Titchener
  • Wilhelm Wundt
  • Which term refers to a form, whole, configuration, or pattern in the context of Gestalt psychology?

  • Functionality
  • Gestalt (correct)
  • Adaptation
  • Structure
  • What did Gestalt psychologists argue about the mind's composition?

    <p>It is greater than the sum of its parts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main goal of structuralists in psychology?

    <p>To study the structure of the mind</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was believed to be needed for psychology to become scientific according to the text?

    <p>Focusing on studying behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which approach in psychology focuses on the study of mental structure?

    <p>Structuralism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguished structuralism from other schools of thought in psychology at the time?

    <p>Its emphasis on introspection as a method for studying mental experience</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is considered the founder of structuralism in psychology?

    <p>Edward Titchener</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary method used by structuralists to analyze mental experience?

    <p>Introspection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to functionalism, how did William James differ from Wundt and Titchener in his focus?

    <p>He focused on how the mind allows people to function in the real world</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Gestalt psychology, what did the term 'gestalt' refer to?

    <p>The whole pattern of sensory activity and relationships within it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What led to the birth of behaviorism as a new paradigm in psychology?

    <p>The belief that psychology should focus on observable and measurable behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary goal of Gestalt psychologists in their study of the mind?

    <p>To understand the mind as a result of the whole pattern of sensory activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the fundamental difference between the biological approach and the environmental approach to understanding human behavior?

    <p>The biological approach focused on genetic inheritance, while the environmental approach focused on external interactions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did functionalists generally view psychological processes?

    <p>As adaptive processes that allow humans to survive and adapt successfully</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary objective of the early structuralists in psychology?

    <p>To identify and analyze the units or elements that make up the mind.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did structuralists primarily conduct their analysis of mental experience?

    <p>Through introspection, by looking inward into consciousness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way did the early systems of thought in psychology influence the discipline's development?

    <p>They laid the foundation for different schools of thought to emerge in psychology.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterized the approach of structuralism towards studying psychology?

    <p>An emphasis on analyzing the structure of mind and mental elements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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