Questions and Answers
We studied the third aspect which is their approaches in compiling the ahaadith
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The Technical Definition: The approaches that were taken by the scholars in narrating, authenticating and compiling the ahaadith.
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Compiling is a branch of knowledge dedicated to researching the approaches that were taken by the scholars while authoring books of hadith.
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Compiling the hadith is the 3rd aspect we focused on in this course.
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Compiling hadith is a branch of knowledge that researches the approaches taken by scholars while writing their hadith books.
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T/F Compiling refers to categorizing and arranging of the ahaadith.
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Compiling hadeeth includes conditions adhered to for selecting specific ahaadith, and the jurisprudential and hadith-related benefits that they attempted to express by mentioning these ahaadith.
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Development of the Methodologies of the Scholars of hadith were 4.
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first stages of developing the methodologies of the scholars of hadeeth were present during time of The Prophet .
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After his death, Sahaba continued to practice what they learned from The Prophet .
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The Tabi’oon and the scholars after followed the path of the Sahaba in preserving the ahaadith and narrating them with care and precision.
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In the time of the Tabi’een, due to fitna arising there was a need for having conditions to who they would accept hadith from.
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At this stage, the fourth stage, a large portion of what was orally transmitted was also being written down.
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When it comes to the methodology of writing and compiling hadith: the earliest evidence of writing down hadith are small documents that only have the ahadaeeth narrated by one sahabi.
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The second on the time line of writing and compiling hadith, were large books that gathered many hadith as well as narrations FROM other than the prophet. An example of a large book that gathered hadeeths from the prophet and other than the prophet was one by At Thuhri.
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second on timeline gathering many ahaadith alongside narrations from other than The Prophet emerged. (Such as ath-Thuhris book).
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Third on the tim line of writing and compiling hadith is when scholars began to compile books that contained many different hadith, separated by topic. Examples: muwattat, musanafaat, jawaami’ and sunnan, etc.
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T/F The fourth on the timeline of writing and compiling hadith is when scholars compiled books arranging hadith according to sahabi who narrated them.
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book arrangement of hadith according to sahabi who narrated them are known as masaneed.
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the fifth on the timeline, is when hadith books contained only authentic hadith from the prophet alone.
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hadeeth books that contained authentic hadith from prophet alone are known as sihaah.
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There are advantages to hadith books that were written during the era of narration.
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These books that were written in the 2nd and 3rd cen is during the era of narration.
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2nd and 3rd century so during the era of narration contained most of what was written before and what had been transmitted orally.
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in 2nd and 3rd century for transmitting hadith, they heavily relied on chains of narrations aka asaneed.
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During the era of narration which was in the 2nd and 3rd cent the hadeeth books often did NOT contain authors’ opinions and if the books did they were mentioned briefly in the chapter heading.
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books in the 2nd and 3rd cen. had high chains of narrations.
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T/F Studying the methodology of scholars is very important and it has benefits.
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The first benefit of studying the methodology of scholars of hadeeth is that it allows us to benefit from the books of hadith.
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T/F Studying the methodology of scholars is very important and it has benefits.
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The first benefit of studying the methodology of scholars of hadeeth is that it allows us to benefit from the books of hadith.
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another benefit to studying the methdologies of scholars of hadeeth is When we study the methodology of scholars of hadeeth we understand the compilation of the Sunnah, see the great effort the scholars put in to compile the sunnah.
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By studying the methodology of s of h, we know different approaches the scholars took in writing their books and the goals they had for writing each of their books.
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By studying the methodology of scholars of hadeeth we know the language of the scholars and the terminologies that they used.
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The scholars of hadeeth’s methodologies were documented however over time.
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When it comes to documentation of m of s of h, Firstly, we knew the methodologies of the scholars of hadeeth from their own brief description of it in their own books or from what other scholars mentioned about their books in passing.
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Re: Documentation of methodologies: Secondly, some scholars began wrote about their methodology of authenticating, narrating and compiling hadeeth in more detail in their books.
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This first book that was written specifically about the methodologies of the scholars of hadith was by Ibn Mandah (395 AH). His book was called Shuroot ul-Aimma meaning ‘conditions of the scholars.’
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After Ibn Mandah, other scholars came and began to write about the methodologies of scholars of hadeeth in authenticating, narrating and compiling hadeeth.
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After Ibn Mandah, scholars came after that and explained the methodology of certain authors when writing the biographies of these scholars.
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science of hadith books contained information about the methodologies used in ‘Saheehayn’ and other famous books.
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In our times, some researchers choose to study specific books and do extensive research on the methodology of their authors.
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There are 2 Types of Methodologies Held by the Scholars of Hadith.
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First, general Methodologies: These are approaches that scholars took which were agreed upon such as the way they transmitted the ahaadith, their approach in critiquing narrations and the general structure of their books.
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Specific Methodologies: There were specific/unique methodologies to scholars. For example, specific conditions to include particular hadeeth or to exclude it.
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Specific terminologies falls under some scholars who have used specific methodologies.
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A specific terminology that is unique to a particular scholar of hadeeth is the term ‘salih’ This term was used by Abu Dawood.
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There are Important Books on the Methodology of the Scholars of hadeeth.
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There are 3 kinds of important books on the methodology of scholars of hadeeth.
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The first kind of books on the meth of scholars of hadeeth contain a combination of methodologies of scholars as well as aspects of sciences of hadeeth.
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An example of types of books that combine methodologies of scholars as well as other aspects of sciences of hadeeth is the MUQADDIMA (introduction) of Imam Muslim’s Sahih.
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The second type of important books on the methodology of scholars of hadeeth are those books written solely about this field.
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Books that are specifically about methodologies of scholars of hadeeth fall into 2 categories.
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The first type of books that specifically/solely focus on the methodologies of scholars of hadith focus on addressing the methodologies of several books in one book.
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An example of a book that addresses several methodologies of scholars of hadeeth is known as SHUROOT UL - AIMAA’ which is Ibn Mandah (395 AH).
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Then you have books that specifically focus on the GENERAL methodologies of scholars of hadeeth
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The third type of books on methodologies of scholars of hadeeth are those books written about methodology of just ONE book.
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Books that explain one scholar’s methodologies of hadeeth falls under 2 categories.
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Books that explain one scholar’s methodologies of hadeeth falls under 2 categories:
There are books written about the general methodology of a specific book.
Then there are books which look at 1 specific aspect of an author’s methodology.
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Definition of Al-Mualafaat al-Musnada: scholars of hadeeth will narrate the hadeeth with the asaneed (chains).
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An example of a book on hadeeth where the scholars narrate hadeeth with asaneed (chains) is AL- MUWATAAT.
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AL MUWATTAT contain hadeeth of prophet saw as well as narrations of those after him with asaneed (chains of narrations) however, no consideration is paid to the the connection of the asaneed.
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In AL MUWATAAT types of books where they contain hadeeth of prophet as well as narrations of those after him without paying attention to the connection of asaneed, the author also his opinion on jurisprudential matters.
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AL- MUWATAAT arrange hadeeth based on chapters of fiqh. Examples of chapters of fiqh include (salah, sawm, zakaat..)
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An example of AL-MUWATAAT IS MUWATTA MALIK.
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MUWATTAA MALIK is a hadeeth book that includes hadeeth of the prophet as well as narrations from those after with chains of narrations but do not care about the connection of those chains.
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Anas Ibn Malik did not write Muwatta Malik.
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The author of MUWATTA MALIK was Maalik Ibn Ans (179 AH).
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Maalik in his MUWATTA, collected all fiqh related hadeeths from prophet and those after him.
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Maalik in his MUWATTA, included his opinions on fiqh matters.
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CONDITIONS: Malik in his MUWATTA included most authentic hadeeth and those acted upon.
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CONDITIONS: Maalik in his MUWATTA left STRANGE and UNCOMMON hadeeth.
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METH AND ARRANGEMENT OF MUWATTA MALIK: Maalik arranged hadeeth based on chapters of fiqh. First was ‘kitaab/book of awqaat al salah/ prayer times’
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METH AND ARRANGEMENT OF MUWATTA MALIK: Maalik divided chapters into subs. Sub chapters are known as ‘abwaab’
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METH AND ARRANGEMENT OF MUWATTA MALIK: Maalik mostly placed hadith of prophet with a connected chain, aka (Al- Marfoo’a Al- Muttasil) before other types of hadeeth.
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METH AND ARRANGEMENT OF MUWATTA MALIK: Maalik placed the Al Marfoo’a Al- Muttasil in subchapters.
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METH AND ARRANGEMENT OF MUWATTA MALIK: Maalik placed the Al Marfoo’a Al- Muttasil in subchapters.
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MUWATTA MALIK’S Methodology Related to the Science of Hadith and Fiqh: HE ATTEMPTED TO NARRATE MOST AUTHENTIC WORDINGS OF AHADEETH.
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MUWATTA MALIK’S Methodology Related to the Science of Hadith and Fiqh: Commented on some ahadeeth.
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MUWATTA MALIK’S Methodology Related to the Science of Hadith and Fiqh: Sometimes explained and clarified rulings on hadeeths.
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MUWATTA MALIK’S Methodology Related to the Science of Hadith and Fiqh: When Maalik commented on hadith, the end of the sub-chapter included his own opinion about matter.
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AL MUWATTA Narrations: There are many of them.
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AL MUWATTA Narrations: most famous narration is of (Yahya ibn Yahya al-Laythi).
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Status of the MUWATTA MALIK BOOK: Many of the scholars considered it to be at the same level as al-Kutub al-Sitta.
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STATUS OF MUWATTA MALIK: Some claimed it is same level as SAHEEHAYN or above.
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STATUS OF MUWATTA MALIK: Majority of scholars said it is Lower THAN Saheehayn
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AL-MUSANNAFAAT are books in the category of al- Mualafaat Al-Musanada (books with chains of narrations).
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Al-Musannafaat These are books containing ahaadith of The Prophet ﷺ along with narrations from after him. They are categorized and placed in chapters according to the subject that they discuss.
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Hadeeth Arrangement in Al-Musannafaat: placed under different chapters depending on their subject.
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In Al Musanaafaat: all chapters of religion are included.
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Musannaf of Abdurrazzaq is under the category of Al- Musannafaat.
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MUANNAF OF ABDURRAZZAQ is authored by (Abdurrazaq as-San’aani).
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MUANNAF OF ABDURRAZZAQ is a compilation of hadeeth and narrations largely in jurisprudence.
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Conditions for inclusion of hadeeth in MUANNAF OF ABDURRAZZAQ: No conditions for authenticity, however, majority of hadeeths are sound.
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MUSANNAF OF ABDURRAZZAQ:Methodology and Arrangement of ahaadith: book divided into chapters based on jurisprudence and other matters. Each chapter has many hadith and narrations with chains.
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MUSANNAF OF ABDURRAZZAQ- Method of Mentioning Hadith: Mentioned jurisprudential issue then hadeeth and narrations with asaneed, no attention to arrangement.
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MUSANNAF OF ABDURRAZZAQ- Methodology related to Fiqh: Arranged narrations according to chapters of Fiqh
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MUSANNAF OF ABDURRAZZAQ- Methodology related to Fiqh: selected suitable and sound ahaadith for the most part.
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MUSANNAF OF ABDURRAZZAQ- Methodology related to Fiqh: Included fatawaa of the Sahaba and those after.
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MUSANNAF OF ABDURRAZZAQ number of ahaadith: 22126 narrations (from The Prophet ﷺ and others).
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MUSANNAF OF ABDURRAZZAQ- Narrators of the Book: book spread through narration of Ishaaq ibn Ibrahim al-Dabari (285AH).
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MUSANNAF OF ABDURRAZZAQ- Narrators of the Book: However, he (Al-Dabari) heard it from Abdirrazaq when he was still young.
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MUSANNAF OF ABDURRAZZAQ- Narrators of the Book: after the narrator Abdurrazaq became weak due to age, scholars differed over the credibility of the narrations and therefore the credibility of MUSANNAF OF ABDURRAZZAQ.
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MUSANNAF OF ABDURRAZZAQ- status of book: one of the most important sources for Fiqh of the salaf who are the early muslims.
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Al- Musannafaat includes MUSANNAF IBN ABI SHAIBAH.
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MUSANNAF IBN ABI SHAIBAH is authored by Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaibah.
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MUSANNAF IBN ABI SHAIBAH compiled ahaadith related to fiqh and other matters from The Prophet (ﷺ) and those after.
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MUSANNAF IBN ABI SHAIBAH: majority of ahaadith are NOT related to fiqh.
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Conditions for the Inclusion of hadeeth in MUSANNAF IBN ABI SHAIBAH: He did not have any specific conditions for authenticity but majority is sound.
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Methodology and Arrangement of Ahaadith in MUSANNAF IBN ABI SHAIBAH: divided book into chapters based on fiqh and others.
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MUSANNAF IBN ABI SHAIBAH: for most part, chapters NOT arranged in a particular order.
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MUSANNAF IBN ABI SHAIBAH- Methodology related to FIQH: arranged narrations according to chapters of Fiqh.
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MUSANNAF IBN ABI SHAIBAH- Methodology related to FIQH: filled chapters with suitable and sound ahaadith.
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MUSANNAF IBN ABI SHAIBAH- Methodology related to FIQH: sometimes singled out chapters to deal with contradicting opinions in a matter.
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MUSANNAF IBN ABI SHAIBAH- Methodology related to FIQH: included Fatawaa of Sahaba and those after.
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MUSANNAF IBN ABI SHAIBAH- Narrations of Book: Ibn Abi Shaibah narrated to Baqi Ibn Makhlad. That is how it reached us.
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MUSANNAF IBN ABI SHAIBAH- Status of book: very important source for the Fiqh of the salaf (who are early Muslims).
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Al-Masaaneed fall under the category of al mualafaat al musanadaa (hadeeth books with narrations).
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Al- Masaneed are hadeeth books that gather ahaadith of each Sahabi.
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Al- Masaneed are hadeeth books that gather ahaadith of each Sahabi.
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Al Masaneed hadeeth books, single out the ahaadith of The Prophet (ﷺ) alone.
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Al-Masaneed hadeeth book Organization: author separated ahaadith according to Sahaba who narrated it.
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Al-Masaneed hadeeth book Organization: The names of the Sahaba are arranged in different ways
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Al-Masaneed hadeeth book Organization: The names of the Sahaba are arranged in different ways
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Al-Masaneed hadeeth book Organization: Their names of the Sahaba are arranged in different ways such as by tribes, chronological entry into Islam or Arabic letters.
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Al-Masaneed- Emergence of this Methodology: first used at start of 3rd century.
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MUSNAAD AHMAD is a book that falls under the Al-Masaneed hadeeth books.
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MUSNAAD AHMAD is a book that falls under the Al-Masaneed hadeeth books.
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MUSNAAD AHMAD authored by {Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Hanbal (241AH)}.
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MUSNAAD AHMAD singled out hadeeths of prophet saw alone and arranged them according to names of sahaba who narrated them, regardless of their topics.
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MUSNAAD AHMAD- reason for book: Imam Ahmad wanted his book to be a reference for people.
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MUSNAAD AHMAD- Conditions for Inclusion of Hadith and their Authenticity: He intended to gather well-known ahaadith; not just the authentic.
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MUSNAAD AHMAD- Conditions for Inclusion of Hadith and their Authenticity: did not narrate from those who were heavily criticized.
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MUSNAAD AHMAD- Conditions for Inclusion of Hadith and their Authenticity: reviewed book, crossed out specific ahaadith, and ordered for them to be removed.
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MUSNAAD AHMAD- Difference between Scholars over the Strength of Imam Ahmad’s Conditions and Authenticity of ahaadith found in his book: some claimed that Ahmad only included what was worthy of being used as evidence.
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MUSNAAD AHMAD- Difference between Scholars over the Strength of Imam Ahmad’s Conditions and Authenticity of ahaadith found in his book: Others claimed his conditions were lenient.
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MUSNAAD AHMAD- Difference between Scholars over the Strength of Imam Ahmad’s Conditions and Authenticity of ahaadith found in his book: Others claimed his conditions were lenient.
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MUSNAAD AHMAD- Difference between Scholars over the Strength of Imam Ahmad’s Conditions and Authenticity of ahaadith found in his book: because his conditions were lenient that means extremely weak and even fabricated ahaadith were in his book.
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MUSNAAD AHMAD- Difference between Scholars over the Strength of Imam Ahmad’s Conditions and Authenticity of ahaadith found in his book: some claimed his conditions were sound and did not narrate from liars, occasionally narrated ahaadith of those criticized for their weak memory.
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Types of Hadith in Musnad Ahmad: Authentic without a doubt, and many of these are found in ‘al-Kutub al-Sitta’.
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Types of Hadith in Musnad Ahmad: Authentic ahaadith that are additional to those in ‘al-Kutub al-Sitta’.
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Types of Hadith in Musnad Ahmad: Sound ahaadith in and of themselves or with corroboration (eg. Hadith Hassan li thatihi and li gharihi).
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Types of Hadith in Musnad Ahmad: Slightly weak ahaadith.
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Types of Hadith in Musnad Ahmad: Extremely weak ahaadith and fabricated ones (fabricated unintentionally).
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MUSNAAD AHMAD- His Methodology and Arrangement of ahaadith: book is organized according to names of the Sahaba, but names of Sahaba are not ordered consistently.
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MUSNAAD AHMAD-Number of ahaadith: 28295
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MUSNAAD AHMAD- Narrations of Book: book spread through narration of his son, Abdullah ibn Ahmad
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another book that falls under category of al Masaneed is Musnad Abi Ya’laa.
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MUSNAAD ABI YA’LAA authored by (Abu Ya’laa al-Musili).
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MUSNAAD ABI YA’LAA singled out ahaadith of The Prophet alone, arranged them according to names of Sahaba who narrated them, regardless of topic.
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MUSNAAD ABI YA’LAA- Conditions for Inclusion of hadeeth no specific conditions.
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MUSNAAD ABI YA’LAA- Methodology and Arrangement He arranged ahaadith according to Sahaba who narrated them
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MUSNAAD ABI YA’LAA- Methodology and Arrangement did not have consistent approach for arranging names of sahabah
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MUSNAAD ABI YA’LAA- Methodology and Arrangement arranged ahaadith of Sahaba with many narrations
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MUSNAAD ABI YA’LAA- Methodology and Arrangement hadeeth arrangement according to names of those who narrated from them
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MUSNAAD ABI YA’LAA-Number of Ahaadith 7573
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MUSNAAD ABI YA’LAA- narrations of book: Two versions have been narrated to us
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MUSNAAD ABI YA’LAA- narrations of book: the shortened narration version aka ‘Al-Musnad al-Saghir’ (and this is the well- known version).
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MUSNAAD ABI YA’LAA- narrations of book: the extended version ‘Al-Musnad al-Kabir’ narrated by Abu Bakr ibn al- Muqri (381AH).
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Al-Jawaami’ are books of hadeeth that fall under the category of al mualafaat al musanadaa.
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Al-Jawaami’ These are books that contain ahaadith dealing with ALL aspects of religion.
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Al-Jawaami’ are books organized into chapters such as chapters of: Imaan, Ahkaam (fiqh), Tafseer (quranic exegesis), Manners/Etiquettes, Seerah (life of the Prophet), Zuhd/Raqaaiq (staying away from the worldly pleasures and heart-softeners), Manaaqib (virtues), Fitan/Malaahim (trials)/Ashraat ul-Saa’a (signs of the day of judgement).
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AL-Jawaami’ arrangement of the content of these types of books: books organized into chapters of all aspects of religion.
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AL-Jawaami’ arrangement of the content of these types of books: ahaadith sharing ame topics are placed in one chapter, and divided into detailed subs
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AL-JAMI’ AS SAHIH OF AL-BUKHARI is authored by (Muhammad ibn Isma’il al-Bukhari (256AH)
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AL-JAMI’ AS SAHIH OF AL-BUKHARI compiles authentic ahaadith of The Prophet ﷺ related to many aspects of islam.
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The Main Reasons for this Compilation of AL-JAMI’ AS SAHIH OF AL-BUKHARI to distinguish authentic hadith from weak ones
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The Main Reasons for this Compilation of AL-JAMI’ AS SAHIH OF AL-BUKHARI A suggestion from his Sheikh who was (Ishaaq ibn Rahowya) and that was to compile authentic ahaadith
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The Main Reasons for this Compilation of AL-JAMI’ AS SAHIH OF AL-BUKHARI saw a dream, was inspired to do so.
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AL-JAMI’ AS SAHIH OF AL-BUKHARI - His Conditions for Including ahaadith: intended to include ONLY authentic ahaadith
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AL-JAMI’ AS SAHIH OF AL-BUKHARI - His Conditions for Including ahaadith: ahaadith from all aspects of the religion
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AL-JAMI’ AS SAHIH OF AL-BUKHARI - His Conditions for Including aAL-JAMI’ AS SAHIH OF AL-BUKHARI - His Conditions for Including ahaadith: goal was to narrate hadith of The Prophet ﷺ alone haadith: goal was to narrate hadith of The Prophet ﷺ alone
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AL-JAMI’ AS SAHIH OF AL-BUKHARI - His Conditions for Including ahaadith: INCLUDED hadith which met ‘the 5 conditions of authenticity’
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AL-JAMI’ AS SAHIH OF AL-BUKHARI - His Conditions for Including ahaadith: narrated the ahaadith with connected chains of type of ‘Al-Thiqaat al-Mutqineen’ (very strong narrators in memory)
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AL-JAMI’ AS SAHIH OF AL-BUKHARI - His Conditions for Including ahaadith: ‘Al-Thiqaat al-Mutqineen’ (very strong narrators in memory) studied lengthy periods with their teachers,
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AL-JAMI’ AS SAHIH OF AL-BUKHARI - His Conditions for Including ahaadith: he sometimes narrated ahaadith of narrators from the level below who were lesser in these two areas (the Conditions mentioned were according to Ibn Taahir 24 and Al-Haazimi 25).
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AL-JAMI’ AS SAHIH OF AL-BUKHARI - His Conditions for Including ahaadith: for a hadeeth to be seen as ‘Al-Isnaad al-Mu’an’an’ meant he (BUKHARI) needed to confirm narrator met his sheikh even if it was just one time, and narrator must not be a Muddallis
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AL-JAMI’ AS SAHIH OF AL-BUKHARI - Methodology and Arranging Hadith: divided book into 97 chapters
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AL-JAMI’ AS SAHIH OF AL-BUKHARI - Methodology and Arranging Hadith: each of the 97 chapters divided into sub-chapters, and mentioned appropriate ahaadith in each sub- chapter
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His Method of Mentioning the Ahaadith in his Book- AL-JAMI’ AS SAHIH OF AL-BUKHARI - sometimes removed parts of the hadeeth.
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AL-JAMI’ AS SAHIH OF AL-BUKHARI - methodology related to FIQH. HIS KNOWLEDGE OF FIQH WAS EVIDENT FROM TARAJIM (THE SUB CHAPTER HEADINGS) HE HAD CHOSE.
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AL-JAMI’ AS SAHIH OF AL-BUKHARI - methodology related to FIQH. Tarajim can be divided into 2.
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AL-JAMI’ AS SAHIH OF AL-BUKHARI - methodology related to FIQH. Tarajim: (Explicit sub-chapter headings): statements clearly indicated by content of sub-chapter
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AL-JAMI’ AS SAHIH OF AL-BUKHARI - methodology related to FIQH. Tarajim: (Vague sub-chapter headings): where statements are not easily deduced from contents of sub-chapter
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AL-JAMI’ AS SAHIH OF AL-BUKHARI Number of Ahaadith, and type: 159 ‘Mu’alaqaat’ (Ahaadith with disconnected chain from the author’s end)
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AL-JAMI’ AS SAHIH OF AL-BUKHARI Number of Ahaadith, and type: Al-Mu’alaqaat’ (Part of chain from author’s end is not mentioned)
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AL-JAMI’ AS SAHIH OF AL-BUKHARI Number of Ahaadith, and type: Mu’alaq? Those ahadeeth found connected in other parts of the book. Those ahadeeth which are only found disconnected.
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AL-JAMI’ AS SAHIH OF AL-BUKHARI Number of Ahaadith, and type: Mu’alaq and Disconnected are 2 types: ‘Al-Mu’alaq bi Seeghat il-jazm’ ‘Al-Mu’alaq bi Seeghat it-tamreedh’
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AL-JAMI’ AS SAHIH OF AL-BUKHARI Number of Ahaadith, and type: ‘Al-Mu’alaq bi Seeghat il-jazm: (uses phrases of certainty like ‘Qaala / He said’)
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AL-JAMI’ AS SAHIH OF AL-BUKHARI Number of Ahaadith, and type: ‘Al-Mu’alaq bi Seeghat il-jazm: parts of the chain which are removed are considered to be authentic. However, the part of the chain which is mentioned may or may not be authentic
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AL-JAMI’ AS SAHIH OF AL-BUKHARI Number of Ahaadith, and type: ‘Al-Mu’alaq bi Seeghat it-tamreedh’: (uses phrases of uncertainty like ‘Qeela / it was said’)
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AL-JAMI’ AS SAHIH OF AL-BUKHARI Number of Ahaadith, and type: ‘Al-Mu’alaq bi Seeghat it-tamreedh’: parts of chains which are removed may or may not be authentic
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AL-JAMI’ AS SAHIH OF AL-BUKHARI Narrations of the Book: narrations of Muhammad al-Firabri (320AH) is most famous. Many transmitted it from him
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SAHIH MUSLIM is authored by (Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj An-Naysaaboori (261AH).
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SAHIH MUSLIM compiled authentic ahaadith from Prophet ﷺ in most aspects of islam.
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SAHIH MUSLIM-conditions for Including Ahaadith: included ahaadith with connected chains narrated by: Al-Thiqat al-Mutqineen
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SAHIH MUSLIM-conditions for Including Ahaadith: Al-Thiqaat Al-Mutqineen: studied lengthy periods of time with their teachers, and those who were lower in level in these two areas
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SAHIH MUSLIM-conditions for Including Ahaadith: sometimes included hadiths of those who were from the third level: criticized narrators having studied lengthy periods with their teachers
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SAHIH MUSLIM-conditions for Including Ahaadith: His condition for al-isnad al-Mu’an’an: As long as it is confirmed that narrator is not a ‘Mudallis’, lived at the same time as his sheikh and was possible for them to meet, then isnad is connected.
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SAHIH MUSLIM-conditions for Including Ahaadith: He did not have same conditions for the Introduction of his Sahih
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SAHIH MUSLIM- Methodology + Hadeeth arrangment: Organized ahaadith into chapters and sub-chapters.
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SAHIH MUSLIM- Methodology + Hadeeth arrangment: arranged hadiths within chapters and placed more authentic narrations before lesser authentic
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SAHIH MUSLIM- Methodology + Hadeeth arrangment: did NOT title sub-chapters
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SAHIH MUSLIM- Methodology related to Science of Hadith:
He distinguished between (َنا حدَّثَ (.38أَ ْخ َب َرنا( an
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SAHIH MUSLIM- Methodology related to Science of Hadith: He took great care in narrating most accurate wordings in situations where narrators differed
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SAHIH MUSLIM- Types of Ahaadith: divided hadith of The Prophet into 3 categories.
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SAHIH MUSLIM- Types of Ahaadith: First- ahaadith of ‘Al-Huffaath al-Mutqineen’; and included theirs.
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SAHIH MUSLIM- Types of Ahaadith Second- Ahaadith of those not described as ‘Al-Huffaath al-Mutqineen’ but known as ‘Saduqoon’: included their ahaadith, after the ahaadith of the first category
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SAHIH MUSLIM- Types of Ahaadith: Thrid- ahaadith of those accused of fabrication/ majority of their narrations are extremely weak (did not include their hadith).
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SAHIH MUSLIM- Narrations of Book: most well-known is narration of (Abu Ishaaq Ibrahim al-Faqih)
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SAHIH MUSLIM- Narrations of Book: some parts that Al-Faqih did not hear but received them by way of Ijaazah and Wijaadah.
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SAHIH MUSLIM- Narrations of Book: Many transmitted it from him (Al-Faqih), and this narration is relied upon today
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As-Sihaah are hadeeth books that are under the category of al mualafaat al musanadaa.
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As-Sihaah are books only compile authentic ahaadith from The Prophet
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As-Sihaah content arrangment: ahaadith are organized into chapters and sub-chapters depending on topics
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first to use As Sihah methodology: Al-Bukhari then Muslim
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an example of hadeeth book that falls under As-Sihah categorization of hadeeth books is SAHIH IBN KHUZAYMA.
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SAHIH IBN KHUZAYMA is authored by (Muhammad ibn Ishaaq ibn Khuzayma).
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SAHIH IBN KHUZAYMA Methodology and hadeeth arrangement: Organized book into chapters and sub-chapters and placed ahaadith with asaaneed in each sub-chapter
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SAHIH IBN KHUZAYMA Method of Mentioning Ahaadith: Generally placed isnad before matn
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SAHIH IBN KHUZAYMA Method of Mentioning Ahaadith: Sometimes placed matn before isnad to indicate weakness of hadith or it not fulfilling his conditions
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SAHIH IBN KHUZAYMA- Methodology related to Science of Hadith: was precise when dealing with asaaneed
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SAHIH IBN KHUZAYMA- Methodology related to Science of Hadith: would not authenticate a hadith if had doubts about it
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SAHIH IBN KHUZAYMA- Methodology related to Science of Hadith: rejected narrations of ‘Mudallis’ if he did ‘an’ana from a sheikh it was not possible for him to hear from
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SAHIH IBN KHUZAYMA- Special Matters related to Fiqh and Close Attention to Mutoon: subchapter titles show strength of knowledge of Fiqh and his opinions about them
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SAHIH IBN KHUZAYMA- Special Matters related to Fiqh and Close Attention to Mutoon: He clarified apparent contradictions and misunderstandings stemming from ahadeeth
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SAHIH IBN KHUZAYMA- Special Matters related to Fiqh and Close Attention to Mutoon: mentioned ‘mathaahib fiqhiya’ and statements of scholars, discussed differences and mentioned strongest opinions
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SAHIH IBN KHUZAYMA-Number of Ahaadeeth: Only ¼ of book discovered
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SAHIH IBN KHUZAYMA- Book Status: after the Saheehayn
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SAHIH IBN KHUZAYMA- Book Status: book contains hadith which are sahih, hassan and da’if, however Da’if are very few
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Another hadeeth book that falls under the category of As Sihah is Sahih Ibn Hibbaan.
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SAHIH IBN HIBBAN is authored by (Abu Haatim Muhammad ibn Hibbaan al-Busti).
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SAHIH IBN HIBBAN conditions for Inclusion of Ahaadith: intended to include only authentic ahaadith
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SAHIH IBN HIBBAN conditions for Inclusion of Ahaadith: clarified he did not use any narration as evidence except if narrators met 5 conditions.
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SAHIH IBN HIBBAN conditions for Inclusion of Ahaadith: conditions he set for narrators are 5.
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SAHIH IBN HIBBAN conditions for Inclusion of Ahaadith: the first condition to use narration as evidence is: ‘Al-’Adaala’ in their religion.
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SAHIH IBN HIBBAN conditions for Inclusion of Ahaadith: the second condition to use narration as evidence is: ‘As-Siqd’ in hadith
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SAHIH IBN HIBBAN conditions for Inclusion of Ahaadith: the third condition to use narration as evidence is: ’Al-’Aql’ (basic knowledge) of their narrations
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SAHIH IBN HIBBAN conditions for Inclusion of Ahaadith: the fourth condition to use narration as evidence is: Understanding the meanings of their narrations
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SAHIH IBN HIBBAN conditions for Inclusion of Ahaadith: the fifth condition to use narration as evidence is: for narrator not to be a Mudalis.
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SAHIH IBN HIBBAN Arrangement of Ahaadith: Organized book in a novel (story book type of way).
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SAHIH IBN HIBBAN Arrangement of Ahaadith: divided hadeeth arrangement into 5 sections
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SAHIH IBN HIBBAN Arrangement of Ahaadith: 5 sections are: Al-Awaamir, An-Nawaahi, Al-Akhbaar, Al-Mubaahaat, Af’aal un-Nabi
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SAHIH IBN HIBBAN Arrangement of Ahaadith: divided 5 sections into sub-sections
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SAHIH IBN HIBBAN method of mentioning Ahaadeeth: He mentioned sub-section, then Masaail under it, then most authentic ahaadith related to that masala, and for most part, only mentioned one hadith for a masala.
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SAHIH IBN HIBBAN method of mentioning Ahaadeeth: mentions the complete mutoon.
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SAHIH IBN HIBBAN Methodology Related to Fiqh and the Mutoon: main objective of Ibn Hibbaan’s book is to extract rulings from ahaadith
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SAHIH IBN HIBBAN Status: comes after The Saheehayn and Sahih Ibn Khuzayma
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SAHIH IBN HIBBAN Status: Third order in status because Ibn Hibbaan described as being lenient in authentication.
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SAHIH IBN HIBBAN Status: In general, his ahaadith are strong enough for evidence use.
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SAHIH IBN HIBBAN Status: his ahaadith are strong enough for evidence use bc they are either Sahih or Hassan, as long as no discovery of hidden error
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Another type of book that falls under the category of As-Sihah is a book called Al-Muntaqaa by Ibn al-Jarood
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AL MUNTAQAA BY IBN AL-JAROOD is authored by (Ibn al-Jarood an-Naisaburi).
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AL MUNTAQAA BY IBN AL-JAROOD is on fiqh ahaadith from The Prophet.
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AL MUNTAQAA BY IBN AL-JAROOD- conditions for including ahaadith: attempted to include only sahih and hassan ahaadith
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AL MUNTAQAA BY IBN AL-JAROOD- Methodology and Arrangement of Ahaadith: organized ahaadith according to chapters of fiqh
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AL MUNTAQAA BY IBN AL-JAROOD Status of this book: Its ahaadith are very strong in general
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As Sunan are hadeeth books that fall under category of al mualafaat al musanada.
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As-Sunan are books which gather fiqh ahaadith from The Prophet ﷺ and arranged according to chapters of Fiqh
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How Ahaadith are organized in As Sunan hadeeth types of books: ahaadith are arranged according to chapters of Fiqh.
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How Ahaadith are organized in As Sunan hadeeth types of books: beginning with Kitab ut-Tahara, then Salah, then other ‘Ibaadaat, then Mu’aamalaat, followed by other topics of fiqh.
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How Ahaadith are organized in As Sunan hadeeth types of books: chapters are divided further into smaller detailed sub-chapters.
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How Ahaadith are organized in As Sunan hadeeth types of books: Sometimes, chapters not related to jurisprudence may be included.
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An example of a hadeeth book in the category of As Sunan is SUNAN ABI DAWOOD authored by (Abu Dawood as-Sijistaani (275AH).
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SUNAN ABI DAWOOD Name of the Book is As-Sunan.
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SUNAN ABI DAWOOD intended to compile a comprehensive book on fiqh ahaadith in way that made hadith easy to study and memorize
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His Conditions for Including Ahaadith- SUNAN ABI DAWOOD: included most authentic ahaadith he came across
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His Conditions for Including Ahaadith- SUNAN ABI DAWOOD: stipulated that ahaadith in a chapter must have connected asaaneed,
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His Conditions for Including Ahaadith- SUNAN ABI DAWOOD: if no connected asaneed, he included those which were disconnected
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His Conditions for Including Ahaadith- SUNAN ABI DAWOOD: used weak hadith as evidence if did not find any other for an issue
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His Conditions for Including Ahaadith- SUNAN ABI DAWOOD: did not include ahaadith from ‘Matrookeen’ who the scholars agreed upon rejecting their narrations
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His Conditions for Including Ahaadith- SUNAN ABI DAWOOD: He included narration of a hadith that may have some weakness if it was ‘Aali (less people in the chain) His Conditions for Including Ahaadith- SUNAN ABI DAWOOD: He included narration of a hadith that may have some weakness if it was ‘Aali (less people in the chain)
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His Conditions for Including Ahaadith- SUNAN ABI DAWOOD: left off the Naazil narration even if it was more authentic.
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SUNAN ABI DAWOOD- Methodology and Organization of Ahaadith: He organized his book according to chapters of fiqh and divided chapters into detailed sub-chapters where he placed the ahaadith.
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SUNAN ABI DAWOOD- Method of Mentioning Ahaadith: included in each sub-chapter most authentic narrations he knew, followed these with weaker ahaadith as ‘Mutaba’aat and Shawaahid’
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SUNAN ABI DAWOOD- Method of Mentioning Ahaadith: He mostly did not include more than one or two ahaadith in a sub-chapter
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Study Notes
Compiling Ahaadith
- Compiling ahadith involves narrating, authenticating, and arranging texts related to Prophetic traditions (ahadith).
- A dedicated scholarly branch focuses on the approaches taken to compile hadith literature.
- Compilation includes categorizing ahadith and selecting them based on specific criteria which may hold jurisprudential benefits.
Development of Methodologies
- Methodologies evolved through four main stages since the time of Prophet Muhammad.
- Early practices by Sahaba continued post-Prophet, preserving traditions through careful narration.
- The Tabi’oon faced challenges requiring stringent criteria for hadith acceptance due to civil strife (fitna).
- Initial documentation of traditions was rudimentary with small documents linked to individual sahabah.
Historical Timeline of Hadith Compilation
- Early documented hadith involved single sahabi narrations followed by larger collections that included traditions beyond the Prophet.
- Significant works like those of ath-Thuhri featured broader collections of ahadith.
- Scholars subsequently organized hadith into thematic categories like muwattat, musanafaat, sunnah, etc.
- Systematic arrangements by narrators (masaneed) emerged later, organizing based on the sahabi.
- Authentic collections (sihaah) focused exclusively on verified ahadith from the Prophet.
Importance of Study Methodologies
- Understanding methodologies enhances comprehension of hadith literature and the efforts behind its compilation.
- Familiarity with scholarly methodologies aids in grasping the terminologies and narrative techniques used in hadith texts.
- Documentation of scholarly methodologies includes concise descriptions in their works and detailed methodologies in specific treatises.
Key Scholars and Works
- Ibn Mandah authored the first comprehensive book on the subject, "Shuroot ul-Aimma" detailing conditions for hadith transmission.
- Methodologies evolved as scholars provided insights into authenticating and compiling ahadith, documented over time by other scholars.
- Books on methodology vary from collections of multiple scholars' approaches to explorations of specific scholars’ methodologies.
Types of Methodologies
- Two main categories: general methodologies with shared principles among scholars and specific methodologies unique to individual scholars.
- Terminologies used by scholars, such as 'salih' by Abu Dawood, illustrate the specificity in their approach.
Important Texts on Methodologies
- Works like the "Muqaddima" of Imam Muslim blend methodological insights with hadith sciences.
- "Shuroot ul-Aimma" examines multiple scholars' methodologies, while some texts focus on the methodology of a specific author.
- The study of methodologies is crucial for better understanding hadith's authenticity and compilation practices.
Al-Mualafaat al-Musnada (Narrative Sciences)
- Al-Muwatta is a notable hadith collection combining traditions from the Prophet and later narrators without emphasizing chain connections.
- Malik Ibn Ans authored "Muwatta Malik," a rich compilation of authentic narrations and fiqh issues, presenting his juristic opinions.
Muwatta Malik's Structure
- Muwatta Malik organizes ahadith by chapters relevant to jurisprudence, often starting with prayer times.
- It prioritizes connected hadiths (Al-Marfoo’a Al-Muttasil) before others and includes scholarly commentary and jurisprudential rulings.
Al-Musannafaat and Abdurrazzaq
- Al-Musannafaat categorize ahadith thematically, encompassing comprehensive religious topics.
- "Musannaf of Abdurrazzaq" serves as a significant jurisprudential collection with a vast number of narrations, though without strict authenticity criteria.
Conditions and Methodologies in Abdurrazzaq's Works
- The book focuses primarily on jurisprudential matters, presenting rulings and ahadith with accompanying chains.
- It includes broader discussions among the Sahaba, consolidating a significant volume of ahadith and related issues.
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Description
Explore the various methods employed by scholars in the narration, authentication, and compilation of ahaadith. This quiz delves into the essential techniques and frameworks that underpin the study of these essential Islamic texts.
