संविदा निर्माण

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

कॉन्ट्रैक्ट में शर्तों का उल्लंघन करने पर निर्दोष पार्टी को क्या अधिकार होता है?

पहले से सौदा किए गए लाभ को बनाए रखने का अधिकार

कॉन्ट्रैक्ट को नया करने का अधिकार

कॉन्ट्रैक्ट को समाप्त करने का अधिकार (correct)

दूसरे पक्ष के खिलाफ आपराधिक मामला दर्ज करने का अधिकार

विशेष रूप से अनुबंध को निराधार करने वाले कारक कौन से हैं?

विभाजन

समर्पण

निश्चितता

धोखाधड़ी (correct)

एक वैध अनुबंध को कैसे समाप्त किया जा सकता है?

अन्य पार्टी द्वारा सहमति से (correct)

केवल एक भी पार्टी द्वारा उल्लंघन होने पर

अन्य पार्टी की असमर्थता से

बिना किसी कारण के

जो शर्तें मुख्य रूप से अनुबंध के मूल तत्वों पर आधारित होती हैं, उन्हें क्या कहा जाता है?

शर्तें Signup and view all the answers

शर्तें और वारंटियाँ में क्या मूलभूत अंतर है?

वारंटियाँ को समाप्त करने के लिए हर्जाना नहीं मांगा जा सकता Signup and view all the answers

एक संविदा के लिए कौन-सा तत्व आवश्यक है?

पार्टी की कानूनी क्षमता Signup and view all the answers

बीमारियों के लिए अनुबंध के किसी भी उद्देश्य को प्रतिबंधित करने वाला तत्व क्या है?

कानूनीता Signup and view all the answers

एकतरफा अनुबंध का उदाहरण क्या है?

एक पार्टी द्वारा कार्य करने के लिए एक वादा Signup and view all the answers

स्वीकृति का नियम क्या है?

यह प्रस्ताव को ठीक से प्रतिबिंबित करना चाहिए Signup and view all the answers

किस प्रकार का अनुबंध एक पक्ष द्वारा किया गया कार्य को देखने के लिए वादा करता है?

एकतरफा अनुबंध Signup and view all the answers

किस विधि के अधीन संविदा की शर्तों को समझा जाता है?

प्रकट शर्तें Signup and view all the answers

संविदा के उल्लंघन के बाद प्रतिष्ठान की स्थिति को बहाल करने का उपाय क्या है?

विशिष्ट प्रदर्शन Signup and view all the answers

किसी अनुबंध में विचार का अर्थ क्या है?

पार्टी के मध्य का मूल्यवान आदान-प्रदान Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Contract Formation

A contract is a legally binding agreement between two or more parties. For a contract to be valid, certain essential elements must be present.
Offer: A clear and definite proposal by one party (offeror) to another (offeree) to enter into a contract. It must be communicated and intended to create legal relations.
Acceptance: A clear and unqualified agreement to the terms of the offer by the offeree. It must mirror the offer exactly (mirror image rule). Acceptance must be communicated to the offeror.
Intention to create legal relations: The parties must intend their agreement to have legal consequences. Social or domestic agreements often lack this intention. Commercial agreements typically imply this intention.
Consideration: Something of value exchanged between the parties. It can be money, goods, services, or a promise to do or not do something. Past consideration is not valid consideration.
Capacity: The parties must have the legal capacity to enter into a contract. Minors, those lacking mental capacity, and those under the influence of drugs or alcohol may lack capacity.
Legality: The contract's purpose and terms must be legal and not against public policy. Contracts for illegal activities or those that harm the public interest are unenforceable.

Types of Contracts

Bilateral contracts involve mutual promises between the parties. Two promises being exchanged are essential.
Unilateral contracts involve a promise in exchange for an act. Only one promise is given; performance by a party creates the contract.
Express contracts are explicitly stated, whether orally or in writing.
Implied contracts are created by the conduct of the parties, not by express words.
Executory contracts are contracts that have not yet been fully performed.
Executed contracts are completely performed by both parties.

Breach of Contract

A breach of contract occurs when one party fails to fulfill its obligations under the contract without lawful excuse.
Remedies for breach of contract include: damages (compensating the injured party), specific performance (requiring the breaching party to fulfill the contract obligations), injunctions (stopping the breaching party from certain actions), and restitution (returning the parties to their pre-contract position).

Contract Terms

Express terms are those explicitly stated in the contract.
Implied terms are not explicitly written but are necessary to give effect to the contract's purpose. They can include implied terms regarding quality, condition, or fitness for purpose.
Conditions are essential terms that go to the root of the contract. Breach of a condition gives the innocent party the right to terminate the contract and claim damages.
Warranties are less important terms that, if breached, give the innocent party the right to claim damages but not to terminate the contract.
Exclusion clauses aim to limit or exclude a party's liability for breach. These clauses must be reasonable and clearly communicated.

Vitiating Factors

Factors that can make a contract voidable or void include:
Misrepresentation: A false statement of fact made by one party to induce the other party to enter into a contract.
Duress: Coercion or threats used to force a party into a contract.
Undue influence: Taking advantage of a position of trust or influence to persuade someone into a contract.
Mistake: A misunderstanding about a crucial fact of the contract.
Unconscionable conduct: One party taking advantage of another party's vulnerability in a way that is shocking to the conscience.

Discharge of Contracts

A contract can be discharged in a number of ways, including:
Performance: Both parties fulfill their obligations under the contract.
Agreement: The parties mutually agree to end the contract.
Breach: One party breaches the contract.
Frustration: An unforeseen event makes the contract impossible or radically different from what was originally intended. Events like war, natural disasters, or death of a key party can lead to frustration.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

संविदा एक कानूनी रूप से बाध्यकारी समझौता है। इस क्विज़ में, हम संविदा के निर्माण के आवश्यक तत्वों, जैसे प्रस्ताव, स्वीकृति, कानूनी संबंध बनाने की मंशा, और विचार पर ध्यान केंद्रित करेंगे। यह संविदा बनाने की प्रक्रिया को समझने के लिए महत्वपूर्ण है।