18 Questions
Which type of medication is commonly used for asthma emergencies to rapidly open airways?
Epinephrine
What is the main mechanism of action of inhaled beta-2 agonists like albuterol for asthma treatment?
Increase in cAMP in bronchial smooth muscle
What is a common adverse effect of inhaled beta-2 agonists?
Arrhythmia
Why are long-acting beta-2 agonists (LABAs) not recommended for acute shortness of breath?
They mask the severity of symptoms
Which receptor does epinephrine stimulate that leads to cardiovascular stimulation in asthma emergencies?
Beta-1 adrenergic receptors
What is a possible reason why long-acting beta-2 agonists (LABAs) are not suitable for monotherapy in asthma treatment?
They may increase mortality rates in some patients
Which type of medication is known for causing hypotension and priapism?
Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors (PDE5I)
How are Vasoreactive and Non-vasoreactive Pulmonary Hypertension treated differently?
Vasoreactive with ERA and Non-vasoreactive with PDE-Inhibitor
Which type of medication has very serious side effects, yet is slightly different in selectivity?
Endothelin receptor antagonists (ERAs)
What is the minimum duration of treatment with anticoagulants for Pulmonary Embolism (PE)?
3 months
Which condition is likely underdiagnosed but should be in the differential diagnosis for shortness of breath (SOB)?
Pulmonary Embolism (PE)
Which class of medications generally have fewer side effects compared to others mentioned in the text?
Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors (PDE5I)
What is the initial treatment tried in vasoreactive patients with pulmonary hypertension?
High dose calcium channel blockers
Which medication combination is commonly used in non-vasoreactive patients with pulmonary hypertension?
Ambrisentan (ERA) + sildenafil (PDE5I)
What are the adverse effects associated with Endothelin receptor antagonists (ERAs)?
Hepatotoxicity and peripheral edema
Why are ERAs contraindicated during pregnancy?
They are powerful teratogens
Which receptor types play a role in vasodilation and vasoconstriction in the context of pulmonary hypertension medications?
ETA receptors constrict, ETB receptors dilate
How do Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors (PDE5Is) work in pulmonary hypertension?
Increase cAMP levels
Test your knowledge on pulmonary hypertension medications, including vasoreactive and non-vasoreactive patients, as well as medications to avoid during pregnancy. Explore the different treatment options and differential diagnoses for shortness of breath (SOB) in patients with pulmonary hypertension.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
