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Questions and Answers
What is the primary characteristic of stratified sampling?
What is the primary characteristic of stratified sampling?
- Samples can be combined regardless of differences between groups.
- The population is divided into strata based on a common characteristic. (correct)
- All members of the population are treated equally.
- Samples are taken from only one group within the population.
What is the first step in the stratified sampling procedure?
What is the first step in the stratified sampling procedure?
- Perform a population census.
- Divide the population into mutually exclusive strata. (correct)
- Select simple random samples from each stratum.
- Combine samples from different groups.
Why might researchers choose to use stratified sampling?
Why might researchers choose to use stratified sampling?
- It allows for a more homogenous sample.
- It simplifies data analysis by reducing sample size.
- It ensures equal representation of all individuals.
- It helps to minimize sampling bias within specific subgroups. (correct)
In stratified sampling, what must be true about the strata?
In stratified sampling, what must be true about the strata?
What is the final step in the stratified sampling process?
What is the final step in the stratified sampling process?
How does the size of the sample affect the magnitude of a statistical measure?
How does the size of the sample affect the magnitude of a statistical measure?
In which scenario is the magnitude of a statistical measure likely to be smaller?
In which scenario is the magnitude of a statistical measure likely to be smaller?
What effect does population homogeneity have on statistical measures?
What effect does population homogeneity have on statistical measures?
Which of the following statements is true regarding sample size and statistical magnitude?
Which of the following statements is true regarding sample size and statistical magnitude?
Which factor is influential in determining the effect of sample size on statistical measures?
Which factor is influential in determining the effect of sample size on statistical measures?
What do sampling errors represent in research?
What do sampling errors represent in research?
How is the level of sampling error affected by sample size?
How is the level of sampling error affected by sample size?
Which statement about sampling errors is true?
Which statement about sampling errors is true?
What impact does increasing the sample size have on the accuracy of population estimates?
What impact does increasing the sample size have on the accuracy of population estimates?
Which of the following can help control sampling errors?
Which of the following can help control sampling errors?
What is one factor that does not influence the determination of sample size?
What is one factor that does not influence the determination of sample size?
What standard normal deviate is commonly used for a 95% confidence level in sample size calculations?
What standard normal deviate is commonly used for a 95% confidence level in sample size calculations?
Which of the following factors affects the level of precision needed in sample size determination?
Which of the following factors affects the level of precision needed in sample size determination?
What does the independent variable influence in an experiment?
What does the independent variable influence in an experiment?
In sample size calculation, what does the proportion in the target population refer to?
In sample size calculation, what does the proportion in the target population refer to?
Which sampling technique might lead to different sample size requirements due to population heterogeneity?
Which sampling technique might lead to different sample size requirements due to population heterogeneity?
What is the purpose of a two-tailed hypothesis?
What is the purpose of a two-tailed hypothesis?
What is often referred to as the Level of Significance in research?
What is often referred to as the Level of Significance in research?
At what common level is significance typically set by researchers?
At what common level is significance typically set by researchers?
What characterizes a one-tailed hypothesis?
What characterizes a one-tailed hypothesis?
Study Notes
Stratified Samples
- A population is divided into groups based on shared characteristics
- A simple random sample is taken from each group
- All of the samples are combined together into one group
Sampling Errors
- They are the variability of sample estimates compared to real population parameters
- The level of error depends on sample size
- Larger sample size leads to smaller error
- Smaller error is possible in homogeneous population
Determining Sample Size
- Analyze the type of research to be conducted
- Determine the level of precision needed
- Consider the population's homogeneity or heterogeneity
- Evaluate available resources
- Consider the sampling technique used
Sample Size Calculation
- The desired sample size is calculated based on factors including the standard normal deviate (usually set at 1.96 for 95% confidence level) and the proportion of the target population with a specific characteristic.
Hypotheses
- Two-tailed hypothesis tests for increases or decreases in the dependent variable
- One-tailed hypothesis tests for increases OR decreases in the dependent variable
- The level of significance (alpha) is set by the researcher at the start, typically 0.05 (5%).
- Confidence interval (C.I.) is a range within which the true population parameter is likely to lie.
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Description
Explore the concepts of stratified sampling, sampling errors, and sample size determination. This quiz delves into the methods of calculating sample size and understanding hypotheses in research. Test your knowledge on the importance of sample size in achieving reliable research outcomes.
