Saltwater Ecosystems Quiz

Saltwater Ecosystems

Types of Saltwater Ecosystems:

• Coral reefs
• Estuaries
• Coastal wetlands (mangroves, salt marshes)
• Open ocean (pelagic zone)
• Deep-sea ecosystems (abyssal zone, hadal zone)

Characteristics:

• High salinity (average 3.5% salt concentration)
• Varying temperatures and pressures depending on location and depth
• Limited nutrient availability
• High biodiversity and species adaptations

Key Components:

• Phytoplankton: primary producers, base of marine food web
• Zooplankton: consumers, link between phytoplankton and larger animals
• Marine animals: fish, invertebrates, mammals, and birds
• Microorganisms: play crucial roles in nutrient cycling and decomposition

Ecological Processes:

• Photosynthesis: primary production by phytoplankton
• Decomposition: breakdown of organic matter by microorganisms
• Nutrient cycling: exchange of nutrients between organisms and environment
• Predator-prey relationships: regulate populations and maintain ecosystem balance

Human Impacts:

• Overfishing and bycatch
• Pollution (plastic, chemical, noise)
• Climate change (ocean acidification, warming, sea level rise)
• Coastal development and habitat destruction
• Invasive species introduction

Saltwater Ecosystems

Types of Ecosystems

• Coral reefs are a type of saltwater ecosystem
• Estuaries are a type of saltwater ecosystem
• Coastal wetlands, such as mangroves and salt marshes, are a type of saltwater ecosystem
• Open ocean, specifically the pelagic zone, is a type of saltwater ecosystem
• Deep-sea ecosystems, including the abyssal zone and hadal zone, are a type of saltwater ecosystem

Characteristics

• Saltwater ecosystems have high salinity, with an average salt concentration of 3.5%
• Temperature and pressure vary in saltwater ecosystems depending on location and depth
• Saltwater ecosystems have limited nutrient availability
• Saltwater ecosystems are characterized by high biodiversity and species adaptations

Key Components

• Phytoplankton are primary producers and form the base of the marine food web
• Zooplankton are consumers that link phytoplankton to larger animals
• Marine animals, such as fish, invertebrates, mammals, and birds, inhabit saltwater ecosystems
• Microorganisms play crucial roles in nutrient cycling and decomposition in saltwater ecosystems

Ecological Processes

• Photosynthesis by phytoplankton is the primary production process in saltwater ecosystems
• Decomposition by microorganisms breaks down organic matter in saltwater ecosystems
• Nutrient cycling involves the exchange of nutrients between organisms and the environment in saltwater ecosystems
• Predator-prey relationships regulate populations and maintain ecosystem balance in saltwater ecosystems

Human Impacts

• Overfishing and bycatch harm saltwater ecosystems
• Pollution, including plastic, chemical, and noise pollution, damages saltwater ecosystems
• Climate change causes ocean acidification, warming, and sea level rise, affecting saltwater ecosystems
• Coastal development and habitat destruction harm saltwater ecosystems
• Invasive species introduction disrupts saltwater ecosystems