Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is a common oral manifestation of Sjögren's syndrome?
What is a common oral manifestation of Sjögren's syndrome?
- Excessive saliva production
- Swelling of the gums
- Thickened enamel
- Erythema and fissuring of the tongue (correct)
What is the primary cause of Nicotine Stomatitis?
What is the primary cause of Nicotine Stomatitis?
- Heat from tobacco use (correct)
- Viral infection
- Autoimmune disorder
- Bacterial growth
Which of the following conditions is associated with Sialosis?
Which of the following conditions is associated with Sialosis?
- Pregnancy-induced hypertension
- Acute viral infection
- Liver cirrhosis (correct)
- Rheumatoid arthritis
What distinguishes Sialosis from other forms of gland swelling?
What distinguishes Sialosis from other forms of gland swelling?
Which of the following is a benign tumor example mentioned?
Which of the following is a benign tumor example mentioned?
What is one common cause of dry mouth?
What is one common cause of dry mouth?
Which type of salivary gland tumor is referred to as a bilateral Warthin’s tumor?
Which type of salivary gland tumor is referred to as a bilateral Warthin’s tumor?
Which drug class is most likely to contribute to dry mouth?
Which drug class is most likely to contribute to dry mouth?
What effect does mouth breathing have on saliva production?
What effect does mouth breathing have on saliva production?
Salivary glands should be included in which examination?
Salivary glands should be included in which examination?
Which condition is NOT directly associated with salivary gland neoplasms?
Which condition is NOT directly associated with salivary gland neoplasms?
What is one of the primary roles of salivary glands?
What is one of the primary roles of salivary glands?
Which factor is least likely to contribute to dry mouth?
Which factor is least likely to contribute to dry mouth?
What is the role of the Tubarial Glands?
What is the role of the Tubarial Glands?
Which gland is known for producing the majority of total saliva volume?
Which gland is known for producing the majority of total saliva volume?
What is the length of Wharton's duct?
What is the length of Wharton's duct?
Which type of saliva does the sublingual gland predominantly produce?
Which type of saliva does the sublingual gland predominantly produce?
What type of innervation does the submandibular gland receive?
What type of innervation does the submandibular gland receive?
Where does Bartholin's duct open?
Where does Bartholin's duct open?
What constitutes the working part of a salivary gland?
What constitutes the working part of a salivary gland?
Which type of gland is the smallest among the major salivary glands?
Which type of gland is the smallest among the major salivary glands?
What primarily occurs within the acini of the salivary glands?
What primarily occurs within the acini of the salivary glands?
Which gland contributes over 10% of total saliva volume and is classified as minor?
Which gland contributes over 10% of total saliva volume and is classified as minor?
What type of epithelial cells line the excretory duct of the salivary glands?
What type of epithelial cells line the excretory duct of the salivary glands?
Which artery primarily supplies blood to the salivary glands?
Which artery primarily supplies blood to the salivary glands?
Which condition can lead to severe pain when eating due to salivary stone formation?
Which condition can lead to severe pain when eating due to salivary stone formation?
What initiates the stimulation of salivary nuclei in the brain?
What initiates the stimulation of salivary nuclei in the brain?
Which of the following is NOT a cause of hyposalivation?
Which of the following is NOT a cause of hyposalivation?
What results from irradiation of the head and neck area affecting salivary glands?
What results from irradiation of the head and neck area affecting salivary glands?
What is a ranula?
What is a ranula?
What type of epithelium lines the secretory end piece of the salivary gland?
What type of epithelium lines the secretory end piece of the salivary gland?
Which of the following conditions can lead to irreversible effects on salivation?
Which of the following conditions can lead to irreversible effects on salivation?
How does obstruction occur in salivary glands?
How does obstruction occur in salivary glands?
Which major salivary gland is known for producing only serous saliva?
Which major salivary gland is known for producing only serous saliva?
Where is the parotid gland primarily located?
Where is the parotid gland primarily located?
What type of saliva do the submandibular glands primarily secrete?
What type of saliva do the submandibular glands primarily secrete?
What is the function of Stensen's duct?
What is the function of Stensen's duct?
Which minor salivary gland is primarily associated with the oral cavity?
Which minor salivary gland is primarily associated with the oral cavity?
Which of the following glands accounts for the highest percentage of total saliva volume?
Which of the following glands accounts for the highest percentage of total saliva volume?
Which structure pierces the buccinator muscle to facilitate saliva release?
Which structure pierces the buccinator muscle to facilitate saliva release?
What is the primary physiological role of saliva produced by the major salivary glands?
What is the primary physiological role of saliva produced by the major salivary glands?
Which disorder is associated with insufficient saliva production from salivary glands?
Which disorder is associated with insufficient saliva production from salivary glands?
Which major salivary gland produces approximately 25% of total saliva volume?
Which major salivary gland produces approximately 25% of total saliva volume?
What are the three major salivary glands?
What are the three major salivary glands?
What are characteristics of the parotid gland?
What are characteristics of the parotid gland?
What are the characteristics of submandibular gland?
What are the characteristics of submandibular gland?
What are characteristics of the sublingual gland?
What are characteristics of the sublingual gland?
Myoepithelial cells embrace the acini secretory cells, contracting and squeezing, forcing saliva out of the lumen and into the ducts
Myoepithelial cells embrace the acini secretory cells, contracting and squeezing, forcing saliva out of the lumen and into the ducts
What does acinar fluid consist of?
What does acinar fluid consist of?
What are intercalated ducts lined with?
What are intercalated ducts lined with?
What are striated ducts lined with?
What are striated ducts lined with?
What is excretory ducts lined with?
What is excretory ducts lined with?
Vessels and nerves enter the gland at the hilum
Vessels and nerves enter the gland at the hilum
Acinar fluid is modified in ducts to form saliva
Acinar fluid is modified in ducts to form saliva
Characteristics of minor salivary glands?
Characteristics of minor salivary glands?
Flashcards
Major Salivary Glands
Major Salivary Glands
Three bilateral pairs: parotid, submandibular, and sublingual.
Parotid Gland
Parotid Gland
Largest salivary gland; produces 100% serous saliva; contributes 25% of total salivary volume; located below the external auditory meatus.
Submandibular Gland
Submandibular Gland
Mixed saliva secretions; half the size of the parotid gland; produces 60-65% of total salivary volume; located between the mandible and mylohyoid muscle.
Sublingual Gland
Sublingual Gland
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Tubarial Glands
Tubarial Glands
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Adenomeres
Adenomeres
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Acini
Acini
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Excretory (Terminal) Duct
Excretory (Terminal) Duct
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Hyposalivation
Hyposalivation
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Obstruction (Salivary Stones)
Obstruction (Salivary Stones)
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Cysts (Salivary)
Cysts (Salivary)
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Irradiation (Salivary Gland)
Irradiation (Salivary Gland)
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Degenerative (Sjögren's syndrome)
Degenerative (Sjögren's syndrome)
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Inflammation/Infection (Mumps)
Inflammation/Infection (Mumps)
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Sialosis
Sialosis
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Neoplasms (tumors)
Neoplasms (tumors)
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Study Notes
Salivary Glands
- There are three bilateral pairs of major salivary glands: parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands.
- The major glands produce 90% of the total salivary volume.
- Numerous minor salivary glands exist.
Parotid
- Largest salivary gland.
- Produces 100% serous saliva.
- Contributes 25% of total salivary volume.
- Located below the external auditory meatus, between the mastoid process and the posterior border of the ramus.
Submandibular
- Mixed saliva secretions.
- Half the size of the parotid gland.
- Produces 60-65% of total salivary volume.
- Located between the body of the mandible and the mylohyoid muscle.
Sublingual
- 60% mucous saliva.
- Smallest of the major salivary glands.
- Produces 5-10% of total salivary volume.
- Located in the floor of the mouth.
Tubarial Glands
- Located in the nasopharynx.
- Believed to contain a large number of seromucous acini, playing a role in nasopharynx/oropharynx lubrication and swallowing.
Salivary Gland Structure
- Epithelium lines the ducts and produces saliva.
- Connective tissue surrounds the epithelium, protecting and supporting the gland.
- Connective tissue is divided into the capsule and septa.
Adenomeres
- Working part of a salivary gland.
- Surrounded by connective tissue.
Acini
- Secretory units within the adenomere.
- Made up of secretory cells.
- Lined with a single layer of columnar epithelial cells.
Excretory (Terminal) Duct
- Saliva exits into the oral cavity via this duct.
- Lined by epithelium, transitioning from pseudostratified columnar to stratified cuboidal and then stratified squamous at its opening.
Disorders of the Salivary Glands
- Hyposalivation (dry mouth) can be caused by medications, radiotherapy, autoimmune diseases, diabetes, and salivary stones.
- Obstruction: Caniculi (calcium deposits) form in the ducts, usually in the submandibular glands.
- Cysts: Trauma to the salivary gland or duct, leading to an accumulation of saliva in the surrounding tissue.
- Irradiation: Destroys secretory cells, causing xerostomia.
- Degenerative: Sjögren's syndrome is an immunological disorder that affects the salivary glands and lachrymal apparatus.
- Inflammation/Infection: Mumps is an acute viral infection causing inflammation and painful swelling of the parotid glands.
- Sialosis: Painless swelling of the parotid glands, not caused by inflammation or infection.
- Neoplasms (tumors): Can be benign (e.g., Warthin's tumor) or malignant.
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