Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following salivary glands is responsible for secreting the majority (approximately 60-65%) of total saliva?
Which of the following salivary glands is responsible for secreting the majority (approximately 60-65%) of total saliva?
- Minor salivary glands
- Submandibular gland (correct)
- Sublingual gland
- Parotid gland
The parotid duct opens into the oral cavity by passing through which muscle?
The parotid duct opens into the oral cavity by passing through which muscle?
- Buccinator (correct)
- Masseter
- Pterygoid
- Temporalis
What anatomical landmark is used to locate the opening of the submandibular duct?
What anatomical landmark is used to locate the opening of the submandibular duct?
- Palatine tonsils
- Sublingual caruncles (correct)
- Uvula
- Incisive papilla
What is the range for the number of ducts of Rivinus that drain the sublingual glands?
What is the range for the number of ducts of Rivinus that drain the sublingual glands?
Which of the following is a common initial treatment strategy for sialolithiasis?
Which of the following is a common initial treatment strategy for sialolithiasis?
In which major salivary gland are salivary stones most commonly found?
In which major salivary gland are salivary stones most commonly found?
What is the most accurate description of the cause of sialolithiasis?
What is the most accurate description of the cause of sialolithiasis?
What type of epithelium characterizes the Intercalated ducts within the salivary glands?
What type of epithelium characterizes the Intercalated ducts within the salivary glands?
Which of the following best describes the function of myoepithelial cells in salivary glands?
Which of the following best describes the function of myoepithelial cells in salivary glands?
Which type of cell predominates in the parotid gland, influencing its primary secretion?
Which type of cell predominates in the parotid gland, influencing its primary secretion?
Which of the following components of saliva is primarily involved in the initiation of starch digestion?
Which of the following components of saliva is primarily involved in the initiation of starch digestion?
Which of the following best describes the role of R-protein (haptocorrin) found in saliva?
Which of the following best describes the role of R-protein (haptocorrin) found in saliva?
Which of these salivary components primarily facilitates protection against pathogens in the oral cavity?
Which of these salivary components primarily facilitates protection against pathogens in the oral cavity?
Which of the following best describes the primary function of bicarbonate ions (HCO3-) in saliva?
Which of the following best describes the primary function of bicarbonate ions (HCO3-) in saliva?
Which of the following is LEAST likely to be a cause of Xerostomia?
Which of the following is LEAST likely to be a cause of Xerostomia?
Which of the following is a common symptom of Xerostomia?
Which of the following is a common symptom of Xerostomia?
What is meant by the term Salivon?
What is meant by the term Salivon?
What is the composition of the primary secretion from acini?
What is the composition of the primary secretion from acini?
What function are the intercalated ducts responsible for?
What function are the intercalated ducts responsible for?
During the secondary modification of saliva in the ducts, which electrolytes are absorbed?
During the secondary modification of saliva in the ducts, which electrolytes are absorbed?
During the secondary modification of saliva in the ducts, which electrolytes are secreted?
During the secondary modification of saliva in the ducts, which electrolytes are secreted?
In an actively secreting salivary gland, how does the concentration of sodium ($Na^+$) in saliva typically compare to its concentration in plasma?
In an actively secreting salivary gland, how does the concentration of sodium ($Na^+$) in saliva typically compare to its concentration in plasma?
What is the expected impact on salivary HCO3- concentration during active secretion in a patient with cystic fibrosis, according to the ductal modification model?
What is the expected impact on salivary HCO3- concentration during active secretion in a patient with cystic fibrosis, according to the ductal modification model?
Which condition is associated with saliva flow rate decreasing?
Which condition is associated with saliva flow rate decreasing?
Which branch of the autonomic nervous system primarily stimulates profuse secretion of watery saliva?
Which branch of the autonomic nervous system primarily stimulates profuse secretion of watery saliva?
Activation of the sympathetic nervous system has what affect on saliva volume?
Activation of the sympathetic nervous system has what affect on saliva volume?
Which cranial nerve provides parasympathetic innervation to the parotid gland?
Which cranial nerve provides parasympathetic innervation to the parotid gland?
Besides autonomic factors, what other conditions can affect salvia secretion?
Besides autonomic factors, what other conditions can affect salvia secretion?
What is the affect of parasympathetic stimulation on the blood supply to the salivary glands?
What is the affect of parasympathetic stimulation on the blood supply to the salivary glands?
What affect on the blood supply to the salivary glands does Bradykinin have?
What affect on the blood supply to the salivary glands does Bradykinin have?
Which of the following mechanisms explains the impact of bradykinin on salivary gland blood supply?
Which of the following mechanisms explains the impact of bradykinin on salivary gland blood supply?
How does sympathetic stimulation generally affect blood supply to the salivary glands?
How does sympathetic stimulation generally affect blood supply to the salivary glands?
Why is saliva important to lubrication, digestion and protection?
Why is saliva important to lubrication, digestion and protection?
How would the saliva differ from the submandibular and sublingual glands, and parotid gland?
How would the saliva differ from the submandibular and sublingual glands, and parotid gland?
Which statement best summarizes the process of saliva production and modification?
Which statement best summarizes the process of saliva production and modification?
Which of the following is responsible for non-neuronal stimuli exist?
Which of the following is responsible for non-neuronal stimuli exist?
Flashcards
Salivary Glands
Salivary Glands
The three main paired salivary glands: parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands.
Parotid Duct
Parotid Duct
Passes through the buccinator muscle, opening into the oral cavity opposite the maxillary second molar.
Submandibular Duct
Submandibular Duct
Travels between the sublingual gland and genioglossus, draining into the mouth through the sublingual caruncles either side of the frenulum of the tongue.
Sublingual Ducts
Sublingual Ducts
Signup and view all the flashcards
Sialolithiasis
Sialolithiasis
Signup and view all the flashcards
Salivary Gland Duct Structure
Salivary Gland Duct Structure
Signup and view all the flashcards
Salivon
Salivon
Signup and view all the flashcards
Primary Secretion in Acini
Primary Secretion in Acini
Signup and view all the flashcards
Secondary Modification in Ducts
Secondary Modification in Ducts
Signup and view all the flashcards
Xerostomia
Xerostomia
Signup and view all the flashcards
Saliva for Lubrication
Saliva for Lubrication
Signup and view all the flashcards
Saliva for Digestion
Saliva for Digestion
Signup and view all the flashcards
Saliva for Protection
Saliva for Protection
Signup and view all the flashcards
Causes of "Dry Mouth"
Causes of "Dry Mouth"
Signup and view all the flashcards
The course of the submandibular duct
The course of the submandibular duct
Signup and view all the flashcards
Primary Secretion Tonicity
Primary Secretion Tonicity
Signup and view all the flashcards
Primary Secretion Electrolytes
Primary Secretion Electrolytes
Signup and view all the flashcards
Parasympathetic Innervation
Parasympathetic Innervation
Signup and view all the flashcards
Parasympathetic Blood Supply effect
Parasympathetic Blood Supply effect
Signup and view all the flashcards
Sympathetic Saliva Effect
Sympathetic Saliva Effect
Signup and view all the flashcards
Sympathetic Blood Supply effect
Sympathetic Blood Supply effect
Signup and view all the flashcards
Study Notes
Functional Anatomy and Physiology of Salivary Glands
- The session covers the functional anatomy and physiology of salivary glands
Learning Outcomes
- The gross anatomy of salivary glands and their ducts are covered
- The microanatomical structure of salivary glands are covered
- The composition of saliva and the functions of the constituents are identified
- The process of saliva production and how it is controlled is described
Salivary Glands
- Approximately 90% of saliva comes from 3 main gland pairs: parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands
- The remaining 10% of saliva is produced by numerous smaller glands
Parotid Duct
- The parotid duct passes through the buccinator muscle
- The duct opens into the oral cavity on the inner cheek surface, opposite the maxillary second molar
Submandibular Duct
- The submandibular duct, also known as Wharton's duct, runs between the sublingual gland and genioglossus
- The duct drains into the mouth through the sublingual caruncles on either side of the tongue frenulum
Sublingual Ducts
- Between 8-20 ducts of Rivinus drain the sublingual glands
- Some ducts form the sublingual duct of Bartholin, joining the submandibular duct
- Other ducts drain separately into the sublingual folds on either side of the tongue frenulum
Sialolithiasis (Salivary Stones)
- Calcified deposits can block salivary ducts, causing pain and swelling, potentially leading to inflammation or infection
- Sialolithiasis are most common in males aged 30-60, specifically in the submandibular glands
- Sialolithiasis are less common in the parotid and rare in the sublingual and smaller glands
Sialolithiasis Treatments
- Hydration and stimulating secretion helps flushing smaller stones
- Massage can encourage stone expulsion
- Sialendoscopy
- Surgical removal of stones (sialectomy) or the affected gland is possible
Salivary Gland Histology
- The parotid gland produces serous saliva
- The total secretion from parotid glands is 20-25%
- The sublingual glands produce a mucus/serous mix of saliva
- The submandibular gland produces a serous/mucus mix of saliva
- The total secretion is 60-65%
- Other glands produce mucus saliva, accounting for 10% of secretion
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
