19 Head and Neck ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY

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What is the most common injured nerve with parotid surgery?

Greater auricular nerve (correct)

Hypoglossal nerve

Facial nerve

Glossopharyngeal nerve

Which tumor is the #1 tumor overall of the salivary glands?

Warthin’s tumor

Pleomorphic adenoma (correct)

Hemangioma

Cholesteatoma

What is the primary treatment for a Warthin’s tumor?

Radiation therapy

Superficial parotidectomy (correct)

Chemotherapy

Total parotidectomy

What is the most common injured nerve with submandibular gland resection?

Marginal mandibular nerve Signup and view all the answers

Which is the most common salivary gland tumor in children?

Hemangiomas Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of suppurative parotitis?

Dehydration Signup and view all the answers

Which tumor is the most common childhood aural malignancy?

Rhabdomyosarcoma Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for cauliflower ear to avoid complications?

Drain undrained hematomas Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary diagnostic method for detecting acoustic neuroma?

MRI Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for ear cholesteatoma?

Surgical excision Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of epistaxis (nosebleed)?

Posterior nasal bleeding Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is associated with a failure of tongue fusion?

Median rhomboid glossitis Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common distant metastasis for primary head and neck tumors?

Lung Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for sleep apnea in obese individuals with micrognathia/retrognathia?

CPAP Signup and view all the answers

What is the first recommended step when epidermoid carcinoma (SCCA variant) is found in a cervical node without a known primary?

Panendoscopy to look for primary Signup and view all the answers

What may be needed as a last resort to secure the airway in the case of laryngeal foreign body?

Cricothyroidotomy Signup and view all the answers

What risk increases with the length of time an esophageal foreign body remains in place?

Perforation risk Signup and view all the answers

Which condition may result as a complication of untreated acute supportive otitis media?

Mastoiditis Signup and view all the answers

What may be considered in patients who will require intubation for more than 7-14 days?

Tracheostomy Signup and view all the answers

[difficult] What should be used to rule out perforation after fever and pain following rigid esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) for foreign body?

Gastrografin Signup and view all the answers

[difficult] What type of infection is mastoiditis?

Bacterial infection Signup and view all the answers

Where are the false vocal cords located in relation to the true vocal cords?

Superior Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve runs between the internal jugular (IJ) vein and the carotid artery?

Vagus nerve Signup and view all the answers

Which gland secretes mostly serous fluid?

Parotid gland Signup and view all the answers

Where does the long thoracic nerve run?

Posterior to the middle scalene muscle Signup and view all the answers

What is the distribution of serous and mucin secretion in the submandibular glands?

50% serous, 50% mucin Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle does the accessory nerve innervate?

Trapezius Signup and view all the answers

The trigeminal nerve gives sensation to most of the face and innervates which muscle group?

Mastication muscles Signup and view all the answers

Where is the marginal mandibular nerve located in relation to the mouth?

Medial Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve provides motor function to the face?

Facial nerve Signup and view all the answers

Which triangle contains the carotid sheath?

Anterior neck triangle Signup and view all the answers

Which cranial nerve injury is associated with the deviation of the tongue to the same side?

Hypoglossal nerve Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cancer of the oral cavity, pharynx, and larynx?

Squamous cell carcinoma Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve innervates all of the larynx except the cricothyroid muscle?

Recurrent laryngeal nerve Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary diagnostic method for detecting nasopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma?

Nasopharyngeal biopsy Signup and view all the answers

What is considered more premalignant than leukoplakia in the oral cavity?

Erythroplakia Signup and view all the answers

Which malignancy presents with hoarseness and early metastases?

Hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary treatment for verrucous ulcer?

$1^{st}$ line surgical resection Signup and view all the answers

Which benign tumor presents with obstruction or epistaxis in males younger than 20 years?

$1^{st}$ branchial cleft cyst Signup and view all the answers

Which salivary gland tumor has a propensity to invade nerve roots and is very sensitive to radiation therapy?

Adenoid cystic carcinoma Signup and view all the answers

Which cancer of maxillary sinus requires maxillectomy as treatment?