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Saliva Composition and Function

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of the mucous glands in the submucosa of the esophagus?

To aid in the digestion of proteins

To protect the esophagus from acidic pH

To regulate the entry of air into the stomach

To provide lubrication for swallowing (correct)

What happens to salivary amylase when it reaches the stomach?

It becomes activated by the acidic pH

It is not affected by the pH of the stomach

It remains inactive due to the low pH

It is deactivated by the acidic pH (correct)

What type of epithelium is found in the esophagus?

Stratified squamous epithelium (correct)

Cuboidal epithelium

Simple columnar epithelium

Pseudostratified epithelium

What is the function of the upper esophageal sphincter?

To prevent air from entering the stomach Signup and view all the answers

What triggers the pharyngeal phase of swallowing?

The activation of the swallowing reflexes Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the condition where parts of the abdominal organs extend up through the hiatus into the thoracic cavity?

Hiatal hernia Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in the process of swallowing?

Closing of the epiglottis to block off the trachea Signup and view all the answers

What triggers the relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter?

Sensory stimuli at the bottom of the esophagus Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?

The improper relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the improper relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter?

The flow of stomach acid into the esophagus Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the circular band of muscle at the bottom of the esophagus?

Lower esophageal sphincter Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the phase of swallowing where the bolus is in the esophagus?

Esophageal phase Signup and view all the answers