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Questions and Answers
The firing pin is designed to remain protruded from the breech face at all times for immediate firing.
The firing pin is designed to remain protruded from the breech face at all times for immediate firing.
False
In recoil operated weapons, unlocking occurs before the recoiling parts have moved to the rear.
In recoil operated weapons, unlocking occurs before the recoiling parts have moved to the rear.
False
The timing of cartridge case extraction is crucial to avoid excessive effort during extraction.
The timing of cartridge case extraction is crucial to avoid excessive effort during extraction.
True
Using a long thin firing pin allows for a thicker recoil plate in firearm design.
Using a long thin firing pin allows for a thicker recoil plate in firearm design.
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Ejection mechanisms in submachine-guns of the straight blow back type rely on camming action for extraction.
Ejection mechanisms in submachine-guns of the straight blow back type rely on camming action for extraction.
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Ejection of the fired case must ensure it falls back into the mechanism of the gun.
Ejection of the fired case must ensure it falls back into the mechanism of the gun.
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The extractor's primary function is to engage with the rim of the cartridge case as it is thrown from the gun.
The extractor's primary function is to engage with the rim of the cartridge case as it is thrown from the gun.
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A significant delay in extraction can lead to an increase in the rate of fire for an automatic gun.
A significant delay in extraction can lead to an increase in the rate of fire for an automatic gun.
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An extractor can be designed to be rigidly fixed and may take the form of a 'T' slot in some firearms.
An extractor can be designed to be rigidly fixed and may take the form of a 'T' slot in some firearms.
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Maintaining small dimensions for the extractor is crucial due to limited space within the gun's mechanism.
Maintaining small dimensions for the extractor is crucial due to limited space within the gun's mechanism.
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Study Notes
Extraction and Ejection Mechanics
- Heavy loads on the extractor require compact design due to limited space in the mechanism.
- Early extraction risks forcing flash, smoke, and carbon into the gun mechanism and face of the firer.
- Delays in extraction can lower the rate of fire for automatic guns, as the mechanism operates slowly during this phase.
- The extractor is a small hooked metal piece, often spring-loaded, engaging with the cartridge case rim for ejection.
- Rigid extractors can be used in Browning Machine-Guns, featuring a 'T' slot that requires rotational motion for case handling.
- Ejected cases must be directed properly to avoid re-entry into the mechanism and to suit the weapon’s set-up.
Firing Mechanism and Safety
- Firing pins are often supported by mechanical linkages activated just before the breech closes, ensuring safe operation.
- Safety mechanisms retract firing pins behind the breech face to prevent accidental firing.
- Some designs use a long firing pin struck by a hammer, allowing for a thick recoil plate and eliminating the need for a moving hammer in the breech.
Unlocking Process
- Unlocking occurs post-firing via rotation of the breech block, facilitated by locking lugs and camming recesses in the receiver.
- In recoil-operated weapons, initial extraction happens while parts are in locked position until they shift.
- Straight blowback submachine guns rely on bolt weight to hold the cartridge in place until firing pressure forces rearward movement.
Ejection Techniques
- Proper timing is crucial for empty case extraction; premature removal can cause cases to adhere to the chamber due to high-pressure gases.
- Ejection direction is important to prevent fired cases from hitting the firer; ideal case ejection for rifles and pistols is forward and to the right.
- Cases can be ejected directly if sufficient rearward space is available, using mechanisms like push rods or air blasts.
- Ejectors are commonly used, which can be spring-loaded or designed to strike the case as the breech block retracts, ensuring timely ejection.
Cocking Mechanism
- Energy for firing pins or strikers comes from releasing a compressed spring, integral to the operation of automatic weapons.
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