30 Questions
What is the term used to describe the breaking-down reactions in an organism?
Catabolism
What is the energy requirement for anabolic reactions?
Energy is required
What is the process by which starch is broken down into glucose during digestion?
Catabolic reaction
What is the term used to describe the overall rate of chemical reactions of an organism?
Metabolic rate
What type of reactions involve the synthesis of complex molecules from simpler ones?
Anabolic reactions
What is the process by which energy-rich food substances are broken down into carbon dioxide and water to release energy during respiration?
Catabolic reaction
What is the primary function of enzymes in living cells?
To speed up the rate of chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy
What is the term for the energy required to start a chemical reaction?
Activation energy
What is the role of enzymes in the metabolism of living organisms?
To speed up chemical reactions to facilitate metabolism
What is the characteristic of enzymes that distinguishes them from other catalysts?
They are proteins produced by living cells
What is the result of enzymes lowering the activation energy in a chemical reaction?
The reaction rate increases
What is the term for the chemicals produced by living cells to speed up chemical reactions?
Enzymes
What is the primary reason why the rate of most enzymatic reactions decreases rapidly when the temperature exceeds 50°C?
The chemical structures of the enzymes are changed at high temperatures
What is the term for the temperature at which an enzyme's reaction rate is the fastest?
Optimum temperature
What is the effect of extreme pH on an enzyme's activity?
It denatures the enzyme
Why do enzymes have different optimum pH values?
Because their chemical structures are sensitive to pH changes
What is the result of an enzyme's chemical structure being changed at high temperatures?
The enzyme's active site is unable to bind substrate molecules
What is the term for the process by which an enzyme's chemical structure is altered, making it inactive?
Denaturation
What is a characteristic of enzymes that allows them to be reused multiple times?
They are unchanged at the end of the reaction
What is the primary reason why only small amounts of enzymes are required for catalysis?
Enzymes are highly efficient catalysts
What is the term for the process by which an enzyme's structure is altered due to high temperatures or extreme pH?
Denaturation
What is the specific shape on an enzyme molecule that allows it to combine with a substrate molecule?
Active site
What is the unstable structure formed when an enzyme molecule combines with a substrate molecule?
Enzyme-substrate complex
What is the primary reason why enzymes are specific in their actions?
They have a specific shape that only allows them to combine with specific substrate molecules
What is the primary function of amylases in industrial applications?
Converting starch to maltose
What is a characteristic of enzymes that makes them environmentally friendly?
They are biodegradable
What is the role of proteases in tenderizing meat?
Breaking down proteins to form amino acids
What is the advantage of using enzymes in industrial processes in terms of energy consumption?
They work under moderate temperature conditions
What is the purpose of using cellulases in the production of stonewashed jeans?
Breaking down plant cellulose
What is a common application of enzymes in daily life?
All of the above
Test your knowledge on metabolism, the chemical reactions that occur within a cell, and its two main processes: catabolic and anabolic. Learn about enzymes and their role in facilitating these reactions.
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