Russian History: Czar Alexander III & Industrialization

Czar Alexander II implemented these policies, which were based on the idea of suppressing minority cultures and languages, enforcing Russian culture on all groups.

This period in Russian history was characterized by harsh leadership, limited industrialization and feudalism.

Heavy industries, like steel production, boomed in Russia due to their emphasis on industrialization.

The Czar Nicholas II continued the rule of autocracy, refusing to share power and promoting his connection to the Russian Orthodox Church.

Workers faced harsh conditions in Russia's industries, with long hours and limited safety.

The Communist Manifesto is a document written by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels that outlines the theory of communism, advocating for a classless society by overthrowing the capitalist system through a worker revolution.

The Mensheviks, meaning 'minority', were a faction within the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party. They believed in a gradual transition to socialism through peaceful means, winning over the working class through education and reform.

The Bolsheviks, meaning 'majority', were a faction within the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party who favoured a violent, revolutionary overthrow of the Tsarist regime to achieve a socialist state.

The Russo-Japanese War was a conflict between Russia and Japan for control of Manchuria and Korea. Russia sought to secure land and resources but ultimately experienced a humiliating defeat.

Bloody Sunday occurred on January 22, 1905, when peaceful protesters, primarily workers and their families, marched towards the Tsar's winter palace in St. Petersburg requesting better working conditions. The army fired on the unarmed crowd, resulting in a massacre known as Bloody Sunday, fueling revolutionary sentiment.

The protest against the Russian government in 1905, triggered by workers demanding better conditions and political reforms, ending in bloodshed.

The document that established Russia as a constitutional monarchy, granting the people the right to vote and creating a parliament, the Duma, but ultimately failing to address the core grievances of the people.

The event that significantly weakened the Russian government, leading to widespread unrest and ultimately contributing to the Russian Revolution. The war's impact on Russia included heavy casualties, economic strain, and a general sense of disillusionment.

A group that favors gradual change, believing in achieving their goals through peaceful means and popular support.

A group that favors radical change, believing in achieving their goals through forceful action and revolution.