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Questions and Answers
What is the function of the genitive case in Russian grammar?
What is the function of the genitive case in Russian grammar?
What is the typical word order in Russian sentences?
What is the typical word order in Russian sentences?
How many letters are in the Cyrillic script used in Russian?
How many letters are in the Cyrillic script used in Russian?
What is the Russian word for 'water'?
What is the Russian word for 'water'?
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What is the Russian word for 'mother'?
What is the Russian word for 'mother'?
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What is the Russian phrase for 'goodbye'?
What is the Russian phrase for 'goodbye'?
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Study Notes
Grammar
-
Cases: Russian has six cases:
- Nominative (subject)
- Genitive (possession or attribute)
- Dative (indirect object)
- Accusative (direct object)
- Instrumental (means or instrument)
- Prepositional (location)
-
Verbs: Russian verbs conjugate according to:
- Tense (present, past, future)
- Aspect (perfective, imperfective)
- Mood (indicative, imperative, subjunctive)
- Word order: Flexible, but typically SVO (subject-verb-object)
Alphabet
- Cyrillic script: 33 letters, with some letters having multiple forms
- Letters: А, Б, В, Г, Д, Е, Ё, Ж, З, И, К, Л, М, Н, О, П, Р, С, Т, У, Ф, Х, Ц, Ч, Ш, Щ, Ъ, Ь, Ю, Я
- Letter combinations: Some letters change form when combined (e.g., "х" and "хъ" become "хь")
Vocabulary
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Common phrases:
- Hello: Здравствуйте (Zdravstvuyte)
- Goodbye: До свидания (Do svidaniya)
- Thank you: Спасибо (Spasibo)
- Yes/No: Да (Da) / Нет (Nyet)
-
Food vocabulary:
- Water: Вода (Voda)
- Bread: Хлеб (Khleb)
- Meat: Мясо (Myaso)
- Fruit: Фрукт (Frukto)
-
Family vocabulary:
- Mother: Мать (Mat')
- Father: Отец (Otets)
- Brother: Брат (Brat)
- Sister: Сестра (Sestra)
Grammar
- Russian has six cases: Nominative, Genitive, Dative, Accusative, Instrumental, and Prepositional
- Cases are used to indicate grammatical function, such as possession, indirect object, and location
- Verbs conjugate according to tense (present, past, future), aspect (perfective, imperfective), and mood (indicative, imperative, subjunctive)
Alphabet
- The Russian alphabet consists of 33 letters in the Cyrillic script
- Some letters have multiple forms, especially when combined with others
- The alphabet includes letters such as А, Б, В, Г, Д, Е, Ё, Ж, З, И, К, Л, М, Н, О, П, Р, С, Т, У, Ф, Х, Ц, Ч, Ш, Щ, Ъ, Ь, Ю, Я
Vocabulary
Greetings
- Hello: Здравствуйте (Zdravstvuyte)
- Goodbye: До свидания (Do svidaniya)
- Thank you: Спасибо (Spasibo)
- Yes/No: Да (Da) / Нет (Nyet)
Food
- Water: Вода (Voda)
- Bread: Хлеб (Khleb)
- Meat: Мясо (Myaso)
- Fruit: Фрукт (Frukto)
Family
- Mother: Мать (Mat')
- Father: Отец (Otets)
- Brother: Брат (Brat)
- Sister: Сестра (Sestra)
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Description
Understand the fundamentals of Russian grammar, including cases, verb conjugation, and word order. Learn about the six cases, verb aspects, and sentence structure.
