Russian Empire 1450-1750 Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What existed before the Russian Empire/Kingdom and the Golden Horde?

Kievan Rus

What was the first civilization in Russia that was greatly influenced by the Byzantine Empire?

Kievan Rus

What happened to the Kievan Rus?

The state of Kievan Rus fell to the Mongols between 1237-1242 CE.

What did the Mongols establish in place of the Kievan Rus?

The Khanate of the Golden Horde Signup and view all the answers

Where did the Mongols settle after the fall of Kievan Rus?

In the southern part of Europe or the southern part of what is now Russia. Signup and view all the answers

How did the Mongols rule the Golden Horde?

They ruled from afar and allowed local princes to reign in power. Signup and view all the answers

What did the princes have to do for the Mongols?

They acknowledged the Mongol Khans as their rulers and paid tribute. Signup and view all the answers

What is the title 'Grand Prince'?

It ranked below king and emperor and above a sovereign prince. Signup and view all the answers

How did the Golden Horde affect the Russians negatively?

It cut them off from the Byzantine Empire and left them isolated from Europe. Signup and view all the answers

How did the Mongols help bring the Russians to prominence?

They named the Muscovite Princes as Grand Prince and attacked the enemies of Russia. Signup and view all the answers

How did the ability to collect taxes benefit Muscovite Princes?

They taxed the Russians higher than necessary and kept the excess. Signup and view all the answers

What did the extra money the Muscovite Princes collected do for Moscow?

It allowed Moscow to expand its influence and increase its population. Signup and view all the answers

How did the Muscovite Princes get rid of the Mongols?

They defeated the Mongols in large battles and took advantage of their weakened position. Signup and view all the answers

Who was Ivan III?

He was the first Muscovite Prince to stop paying tribute to the Khans. Signup and view all the answers

How long did the Golden Horde rule Russia?

From 1240 to 1480. Signup and view all the answers

What territory was the major city of Moscow located inside?

Moscovy Signup and view all the answers

What is Muscovy?

It was a Russian principality centered around Moscow ruling from the 1280s to 1547. Signup and view all the answers

What was the predecessor state of Muscovy?

The Tsardom of Muscovy. Signup and view all the answers

What was the predecessor state of The Tsardom of Muscovy?

The Russian Empire from 1721 to 1917. Signup and view all the answers

Who created the Russian Empire?

Peter the Great. Signup and view all the answers

List all the Russian states/provinces/empires in order.

<ol> <li>Muscovy (1283-1547) 2. The Tsardom of Muscovy (1574-1721) 3. The Russian Empire (1721-1917)</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Kievan Rus and Mongol Invasion

Kievan Rus was the first significant civilization in Russia, emerging around Kiev in 900 CE, influenced by the Byzantine Empire.
The state fragmented due to the Mongol invasion (1237-1242 CE), leading to its decline and eventual destruction.
The Mongols established the Khanate of the Golden Horde in place of Kievan Rus.

Golden Horde Settlement and Governance

The Mongols settled in southern Europe and parts of modern-day Russia, preferring warmer climates over that of Kievan Rus.
They ruled the Golden Horde from afar, allowing local Russian princes to maintain power while imposing a tribute system.

Role of Russian Princes

Russian princes were required to collect tribute for the Mongols and recognize Mongol Khans as their rulers, ensuring their autonomy in exchange for loyalty.
The Grand Prince was appointed by the Mongols among the Russian princes, signifying a hierarchical structure.

Impact on Russian Isolation and Prominence

The Mongol rule cut off Russia from the Byzantine Empire and isolated it from the rest of Europe.
Despite challenges, the Mongols unintentionally aided the rise of Muscovite Princes by designating them as Grand Princes and attacking common enemies of Russia.
Muscovite Princes exploited their role to collect higher taxes than required by the Mongols, resulting in economic benefits.

Growth of Moscow

Extra revenue collected by Muscovite Princes enabled the expansion of Moscow’s influence and population.
Moscow became a key trading hub due to its advantageous geographical location near major rivers.

Decline of Mongol Power and Ivan III

The Mongols’ influence weakened by the 1350s, opening opportunities for Muscovite Princes to challenge their dominance.
Ivan III, the Grand Prince, led the defeat of the Golden Horde in 1480, consolidating Muscovite power and tripling territorial claims.
He initiated the unification process of the Russian lands and declared sovereignty over all Russians.

Transition from Muscovy to Russian Empire

The Golden Horde ruled from 1240 until 1480 before being expelled by Muscovite leaders.
Muscovy, centered around Moscow, existed from the 1280s until 1547.
Following Muscovy, the Tsardom of Muscovy emerged in 1547 with Ivan IV, lasting until 1721.
Peter the Great transitioned the Tsardom of Russia into the Russian Empire in 1721, becoming its first emperor.

Overview of State Progression

Muscovy (1283-1547): Ruled north of the Golden Horde, tribute system until Ivan III's victory.
Tsardom of Muscovy (1547-1721): Transitioned under Ivan IV’s rule, modernizing and transforming the state.
Russian Empire (1721-1917): Established by Peter the Great, signifying the formation of a vast empire.

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Description

Test your knowledge of the Russian Empire and its history from 1450 to 1750 with these flashcards. Learn about the Kievan Rus, its influence from the Byzantine Empire, and its eventual decline due to the Mongol invasion. Perfect for students studying Russian history.