Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which factor primarily drives population growth in Cessnock?
Which factor primarily drives population growth in Cessnock?
- A boom in the wine industry and tourism. (correct)
- The expansion of the manufacturing sector.
- Increased availability of public infrastructure.
- Government subsidies for new housing developments.
What is the primary focus of development in Barangaroo?
What is the primary focus of development in Barangaroo?
- Sustainability, liveability, and economic growth. (correct)
- Preservation of historical landmarks and cultural heritage.
- Heavy industrial manufacturing and export.
- Agricultural innovation and food production.
What does 'biodiversity' encompass?
What does 'biodiversity' encompass?
- The total biomass of living organisms in a habitat.
- The variety of genes, species, and ecosystems. (correct)
- The study of the distribution of organisms.
- The number of identified species in a specific region.
What is a defining characteristic of the Great Southern Reef (GSR)?
What is a defining characteristic of the Great Southern Reef (GSR)?
Which environmental factor poses a significant threat to the kelp forests of the Great Southern Reef?
Which environmental factor poses a significant threat to the kelp forests of the Great Southern Reef?
How does coastal development negatively impact the Great Southern Reef?
How does coastal development negatively impact the Great Southern Reef?
What effect has commercial fishing had on rock lobster populations in the Great Southern Reef?
What effect has commercial fishing had on rock lobster populations in the Great Southern Reef?
What range of longitude best describes the location of the Great Southern Reef?
What range of longitude best describes the location of the Great Southern Reef?
Which of the following poses the most immediate and direct threat to the biodiversity of the GSR kelp forests?
Which of the following poses the most immediate and direct threat to the biodiversity of the GSR kelp forests?
How does the spatial extent of the Great Southern Reef contribute to its ecological significance?
How does the spatial extent of the Great Southern Reef contribute to its ecological significance?
Considering the threats to the GSR, which conservation strategy would be most effective in the long term?
Considering the threats to the GSR, which conservation strategy would be most effective in the long term?
If Barangaroo achieves its planned capacity, what will be the approximate ratio of permanent jobs to residents?
If Barangaroo achieves its planned capacity, what will be the approximate ratio of permanent jobs to residents?
Which of the following human activities has the least direct impact on the GSR ecosystem?
Which of the following human activities has the least direct impact on the GSR ecosystem?
What is the approximate percentage increase in tourism to Cessnock between 2015 and 2023?
What is the approximate percentage increase in tourism to Cessnock between 2015 and 2023?
Which latitude range best represents the location of the Great Southern Reef?
Which latitude range best represents the location of the Great Southern Reef?
Which of the following best explains why kelp forests are crucial to the GSR ecosystem?
Which of the following best explains why kelp forests are crucial to the GSR ecosystem?
Considering ongoing climate change, what is the most likely prediction for the GSR's future?
Considering ongoing climate change, what is the most likely prediction for the GSR's future?
How might the principles applied in Barangaroo's urban development contribute to the preservation of ecosystems like the GSR?
How might the principles applied in Barangaroo's urban development contribute to the preservation of ecosystems like the GSR?
What is the most likely reason that only a small fraction of the estimated global species have been identified?
What is the most likely reason that only a small fraction of the estimated global species have been identified?
What does the high endemism in the GSR suggest about the evolutionary history of the region?
What does the high endemism in the GSR suggest about the evolutionary history of the region?
Flashcards
What are rural places?
What are rural places?
Areas with lower population density and often associated with agriculture or natural landscapes.
What are urban places?
What are urban places?
Areas with high population density and infrastructure, centers of commerce, culture, and governance.
What is Cessnock?
What is Cessnock?
A rural town in NSW, Australia, experiencing steady population and tourism growth.
What is Barangaroo?
What is Barangaroo?
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What is biodiversity?
What is biodiversity?
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What is the Great Southern Reef (GSR)?
What is the Great Southern Reef (GSR)?
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How does climate change affect the GSR?
How does climate change affect the GSR?
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How does coastal development affect the GSR?
How does coastal development affect the GSR?
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How does commercial fishing affect the GSR?
How does commercial fishing affect the GSR?
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Study Notes
- Discusses the characteristics of rural and urban places, as well as ecosystems and global biodiversity.
Rural: Cessnock
- Experiences steady population growth of 2.39% annually between 2018 and 2023, increasing from 58,000 to 65,000 people.
- Has seen a tourism boom, with visitor numbers rising from 1.7 million in 2015 to 2.5 million in 2023.
- Growth is driven by the wine industry, tourism, and seasonal work opportunities.
Urban: Barangaroo
- Has a future capacity for 3,500 residents and 23,000 permanent jobs.
- Is supported by $15 billion in private investment.
- Has $1.7 billion in public infrastructure, with an additional $100 million planned, focuses on sustainability, liveability, and economic growth.
Ecosystems & Global Biodiversity
- An estimated 5–30 million species exist globally, with only 1.4 million currently identified.
- Biodiversity encompasses genetic, species, and ecosystem variety.
Spatial Patterns – GSR (Great Southern Reef)
- Extends from Brisbane to Perth, covering 71,000 km².
- Dominated by kelp forests that grow in shallow rocky reefs at depths of 15–50m.
- Exhibits high endemism, with over 2,500 marine species, 70% of which are endemic to southern Australia.
- Located between 25°S–40°S latitude and 113°E–153°E longitude.
3 C's Threats to GSR
- Climate Change, Coastal Development and Commercial Fishing threaten the GSR
Climate Change
- Fieldwork in March 17 revealed 27 invasive urchins per square meter and only 20% kelp cover, warmer waters kill kelp and enable urchins to spread.
- Warmer waters destroy kelp, allowing urchins to spread.
Coastal Development
- Destroys kelp forests, which are habitats for species like the blue groper.
Commercial Fishing
- Rock lobster catch has declined from 1000 tons in the early 2000s.
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