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Questions and Answers
Which breed is known for being resistant to insects and disease, as well as possessing heat tolerance?
Which breed has the undesirable trait of low production efficiency and late maturity?
Which breed is a descendant of longhorned Zebu breeds and is red in color?
Which breed is known for having the highest milk production but lacks heat tolerance?
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Which breed is described as having horns directed sideways and excellent muscling in the loin?
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What is a defining characteristic of the Shorthorn beef cattle breed?
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Which undesirable trait is associated with the Hereford beef cattle breed?
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What is a desirable trait of the Aberdeen-Angus beef cattle breed?
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Which breed of Zebu cattle is described as having excellent mothering ability and being heat tolerant?
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Which breed of Zebu cattle is known for being resistant to ticks and insects?
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What is a common undesirable trait of Zebu cattle breeds in general?
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Which breed is known for having undesirable traits such as stubbornness and lack of heat tolerance?
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Which breed of cattle is specifically mentioned as a dual-purpose type?
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In terms of chromosome number, what distinguishes the River type of buffalo from the Swamp type?
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Which type of goat is known for its fur rather than milk or meat production?
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What is the main use of Riverine Buffalo breeds?
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Which sheep breed is specifically classified as a 'Fine wool' type?
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Study Notes
Ruminant Breeds
- A breed is a group of animals with common origin and characteristics that distinguish them from other groups of the same species
- Ideal or standard of perfection combines all the qualities that contribute to animal usefulness for a specific purpose
Cattle Types
- Beef type: used for meat production
- Dairy type: used for milk production
- Dual-purpose: animal with innate capabilities for both meat and milk production
Beef Type
- Shorthorn:
- Desirable traits: high milk production, efficient utilization of roughage, good temperament, and rapid rate of gain in feedlot
- Undesirable trait: coarse, lower quality carcass
- Hereford:
- Desirable traits: hardiness, grazing ability, reproductive efficiency, good temperament and disposition, heavy bones, and thick flesh
- Undesirable trait: low milk production, susceptible to cancer eye and pink eye, and prolapsed uterus
- Aberdeen-Angus:
- Desirable traits: cold tolerance, mothering and milking ability, early maturity, little calving difficulty, high fertility, and excellent quality carcass
- Undesirable trait: lack of size, over-prominent shoulders
- Galloway:
- Sussex
- Zebu Cattle:
- Inferior quality than standard breeds
- Hardiness and adaptation under Philippine conditions
- Brahman (USA):
- Desirable traits: resistant to ticks and insects, thrives well under minimal management, heat tolerant, excellent mothering ability, resistant to adverse conditions, and good for crossing
- Undesirable trait: lack of cold tolerance, later maturity, and late fertility
- Bhagnari (Indu-Brazil):
- Sta.Gertrudis (possess 5/8 Shorthorn, 3/8 Brahman):
- Desirable traits: excellent beef conformation, heavy hindquarter development, resistant to insects and disease, and heat tolerance
- Undesirable trait: nervous, mature late, and low production efficiency
- Brangus (5/8 Aberdeen-Angus, 3/8 Brahman):
- Beef Master (½ Zebu, ¼ Shorthorn, ¼ Hereford):
- Charbay (13/16 Charolais, 3/16 Brahman):
- Braford (3/8-5/8 Brahman, Hereford):
Miscellaneous Breeds
- Charolais (originated in France):
- Desirable traits: excellent muscling in loin, good mothering ability, rapid growth, high dressing percentage, cold and heat tolerance
- Undesirable trait: difficulty in calving
- Africaner (descendant of longhorned Zebu breeds, red in color):
Dairy Type
- Holstein Friesian (originated from Netherlands):
- Desirable traits: highest milk production, lowest milk fat, good size, fast growth, good carcass, and desirable for beef and veal production
- Undesirable traits: lack of heat tolerance
- Milk production: 22-40 liters per day
- Jersey (smallest of the dairy type, originated from Great Britain):
- Desirable trait: large amount of milk fat, uniformity in type
- Undesirable traits: yellow body fat, undesirable for beef and veal production, lack of heat tolerance
- Milk production: 4-6 gal/day
- Guernsey:
- Desirable traits: docile, high milk fat and total solid contents, yellow milk
- Undesirable traits: yellow body fat, small size, undesirable for veal production, lack of heat tolerance
- Produces golden milk (beta carotene) 4.6 gallons/day
- Ayrshire:
- Desirable traits: hardiness, excellent grazing ability, strong attachment of udder, smooth and clean dairy type body
- Undesirable trait: nervous, fair rating for beef and veal, lack of heat tolerance
- Milk production: 8-8.5 liters/day
- Brown Swiss:
- Desirable traits: hardy animals, excellent grazing ability, large size, desirable for beef and veal
- Undesirable traits: stubborn, lack of heat tolerance
- Milk production: 4.5 gal/day
- Dutch belted
- Polled Jersey
- Kerry Red
- Sindhi
- Milking Shorthorn
- Devon
- Red poll
- Sahiwal
- Carabao (water buffalo) - domestic Asian buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)
- River type:
- Chromosome number: 2n= 48
- Main use: milk and meat
- Draft and meat
- Swamp type:
- Chromosome number: 2n= 50
- Main use: milk and meat
- Draft and meat
- Hybrids
Breeds of Riverine Buffalo
- Indian Buffalo
- Murrah
- Nili-Ravi
- Kundi
- Surti
- Jaffarabadi
- Egyptian buffalo
- Bufalypso
Breeds of Swamp Buffalo
- Cambodian Buffalo
- Philippine Carabao
- Chinese Buffalo
- Thailand Buffalo
- Vietnamese Buffalo
Goat
- Chromosome number: 2n=60
- Types of goat:
-
- Mohair - fur
-
- Chevon - meat
-
- Milch - milk
-
- Breeds:
- A. Mohair - Angora
- Milch - Anglo Nubian
- Milch - French Alpine
- Milch - La Mancha
- Milch - Saanen
- Milch - Toggenburg
- Chevon - Phil.Native Goat
- Boer
Sheep
- Types of Sheep:
- a. Fine wool
- b. Medium wool mutton
- c. Long wool mutton
- d. Fur
- Breeds:
- Fine wool - American Merino
- Fine wool - Delaine Merino
- Fine wool - Rambouillet
- Medium wool Mutton - Southdown
- Medium wool Mutton - Oxford Down
- Medium wool Mutton - Hampshire
- Medium wool Mutton - Shropshire
- Medium wool Mutton - Dorset
- Medium wool Mutton - Suffolk
- Medium wool Mutton - Cheviot
- Medium wool Mutton - Corriedale
- Long wool Mutton - Lincoln
- Long wool Mutton - Cotswold
- Long wool Mutton - Romney Marsh
- Long wool Mutton - Leicester
- Fur - Karakul
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Description
Test your knowledge on ruminant breeds and different types of cattle, including beef type, dairy type, and dual-purpose breeds. Learn about the characteristics that make each type ideal for specific purposes.
