Ruminant Breeds and Types of Cattle Quiz

Ruminant Breeds

• A breed is a group of animals with common origin and characteristics that distinguish them from other groups of the same species
• Ideal or standard of perfection combines all the qualities that contribute to animal usefulness for a specific purpose

Cattle Types

• Beef type: used for meat production
• Dairy type: used for milk production
• Dual-purpose: animal with innate capabilities for both meat and milk production

Beef Type

• Shorthorn:
  • Desirable traits: high milk production, efficient utilization of roughage, good temperament, and rapid rate of gain in feedlot
  • Undesirable trait: coarse, lower quality carcass
• Hereford:
  • Desirable traits: hardiness, grazing ability, reproductive efficiency, good temperament and disposition, heavy bones, and thick flesh
  • Undesirable trait: low milk production, susceptible to cancer eye and pink eye, and prolapsed uterus
• Aberdeen-Angus:
  • Desirable traits: cold tolerance, mothering and milking ability, early maturity, little calving difficulty, high fertility, and excellent quality carcass
  • Undesirable trait: lack of size, over-prominent shoulders
• Galloway:
  • Sussex
• Zebu Cattle:
  • Inferior quality than standard breeds
  • Hardiness and adaptation under Philippine conditions
• Brahman (USA):
  • Desirable traits: resistant to ticks and insects, thrives well under minimal management, heat tolerant, excellent mothering ability, resistant to adverse conditions, and good for crossing
  • Undesirable trait: lack of cold tolerance, later maturity, and late fertility
• Bhagnari (Indu-Brazil):
• Sta.Gertrudis (possess 5/8 Shorthorn, 3/8 Brahman):
  • Desirable traits: excellent beef conformation, heavy hindquarter development, resistant to insects and disease, and heat tolerance
  • Undesirable trait: nervous, mature late, and low production efficiency
• Brangus (5/8 Aberdeen-Angus, 3/8 Brahman):
• Beef Master (½ Zebu, ¼ Shorthorn, ¼ Hereford):
• Charbay (13/16 Charolais, 3/16 Brahman):
• Braford (3/8-5/8 Brahman, Hereford):

Miscellaneous Breeds

• Charolais (originated in France):
  • Desirable traits: excellent muscling in loin, good mothering ability, rapid growth, high dressing percentage, cold and heat tolerance
  • Undesirable trait: difficulty in calving
• Africaner (descendant of longhorned Zebu breeds, red in color):

Dairy Type

• Holstein Friesian (originated from Netherlands):
  • Desirable traits: highest milk production, lowest milk fat, good size, fast growth, good carcass, and desirable for beef and veal production
  • Undesirable traits: lack of heat tolerance
  • Milk production: 22-40 liters per day
• Jersey (smallest of the dairy type, originated from Great Britain):
  • Desirable trait: large amount of milk fat, uniformity in type
  • Undesirable traits: yellow body fat, undesirable for beef and veal production, lack of heat tolerance
  • Milk production: 4-6 gal/day
• Guernsey:
  • Desirable traits: docile, high milk fat and total solid contents, yellow milk
  • Undesirable traits: yellow body fat, small size, undesirable for veal production, lack of heat tolerance
  • Produces golden milk (beta carotene) 4.6 gallons/day
• Ayrshire:
  • Desirable traits: hardiness, excellent grazing ability, strong attachment of udder, smooth and clean dairy type body
  • Undesirable trait: nervous, fair rating for beef and veal, lack of heat tolerance
  • Milk production: 8-8.5 liters/day
• Brown Swiss:
  • Desirable traits: hardy animals, excellent grazing ability, large size, desirable for beef and veal
  • Undesirable traits: stubborn, lack of heat tolerance
  • Milk production: 4.5 gal/day
• Dutch belted
• Polled Jersey
• Kerry Red
• Sindhi
• Milking Shorthorn
• Devon
• Red poll
• Sahiwal
• Carabao (water buffalo) - domestic Asian buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)
• River type:
  • Chromosome number: 2n= 48
  • Main use: milk and meat
  • Draft and meat
• Swamp type:
  • Chromosome number: 2n= 50
  • Main use: milk and meat
  • Draft and meat
  • Hybrids

Breeds of Riverine Buffalo

• Indian Buffalo
• Murrah
• Nili-Ravi
• Kundi
• Surti
• Jaffarabadi
• Egyptian buffalo
• Bufalypso

Breeds of Swamp Buffalo

• Cambodian Buffalo
• Philippine Carabao
• Chinese Buffalo
• Thailand Buffalo
• Vietnamese Buffalo

Goat

• Chromosome number: 2n=60
• Types of goat:
  • 1. Mohair - fur
  • 2. Chevon - meat
  • 3. Milch - milk
• Breeds:
  • A. Mohair - Angora
  • Milch - Anglo Nubian
  • Milch - French Alpine
  • Milch - La Mancha
  • Milch - Saanen
  • Milch - Toggenburg
  • Chevon - Phil.Native Goat
  • Boer

Sheep

• Types of Sheep:
  • a. Fine wool
  • b. Medium wool mutton
  • c. Long wool mutton
  • d. Fur
• Breeds:
  • Fine wool - American Merino
  • Fine wool - Delaine Merino
  • Fine wool - Rambouillet
  • Medium wool Mutton - Southdown
  • Medium wool Mutton - Oxford Down
  • Medium wool Mutton - Hampshire
  • Medium wool Mutton - Shropshire
  • Medium wool Mutton - Dorset
  • Medium wool Mutton - Suffolk
  • Medium wool Mutton - Cheviot
  • Medium wool Mutton - Corriedale
  • Long wool Mutton - Lincoln
  • Long wool Mutton - Cotswold
  • Long wool Mutton - Romney Marsh
  • Long wool Mutton - Leicester
  • Fur - Karakul