Rukun Faraid dan Syarat Sah

Rukun Faraid (Elements of Inheritance)

• Orang yang mewariskan harta (The person who leaves the inheritance)
• Waris (Heirs)
• Harta Pusaka (Inheritance property)

Syarat Sah Faraid (Conditions for Valid Inheritance)

• Kematian telah disahkan (Death is certified). If not, distribution is not valid.
• Waris masih hidup (Heirs are alive)
• Mengetahui status hubungan dengan si mati (Knows the relationship with the deceased)
• Harta yang dimiliki oleh si mati (Property owned by the deceased). If not, distribution is not valid.

Jenis Waris (Types of Heirs)

• Ashabul Furudh (Heirs with fixed shares)
• Waris yang menerima harta pusaka mengikut kadar yang telah ditetapkan oleh syarak (Heirs receiving inheritance according to shares determined by Islamic law)
• 'Asabah (Heirs by tie of kinship)
• Waris yang menerima baki harta pusaka selepas dibahagikan kepada Ashabul Furudh (Heirs who receive the remaining inheritance after the shares of Ashabul Furudh are distributed)

Spektrum Ilmu 'Asabah Binnafsi (Types of Inheritance by Male Relationship)

• Anggota waris yang terdiri daripada kaum lelaki (Male heirs)
• Bapa (Father)
• Datuk (Grandfather)
• Anak lelaki (Son)
• Cucu lelaki dari anak lelaki (Grandson from son)
• Saudara lelaki kandung (Full brother)
• Saudara lelaki sebapa (Half brother from same father)
• Bapa saudara kandung (Uncle from same father)
• Bapa saudara sebapa (Uncle from same father)
• Anak lelaki bapa saudara kandung (Nephew from father's brother or uncle)
• Anak lelaki bapa saudara sebapa (Nephew from father's half brother or uncle)

Spektrum Ilmu 'Asabah Bilghair (Types of Inheritance by Female Relationship)

• Waris perempuan dengan sebab adanya anggota waris lelaki (Female heirs due to male heirs)
• Anak perempuan (Daughter)
• Cucu perempuan (Granddaughter)
• Cucu lelaki (Grandson)
• Saudara kandung perempuan (Full sister)
• Saudara perempuan sebapa (Half sister from same father)
• Saudara kandung lelaki (Full brother)
• Saudara perempuan (Sister)
• Saudara lelaki sebapa (Brother)
• Saudara kandung yang perempuan dengan saudara kandung lelaki sebab apa (Sister and brother relationship due to kinship)
• Anak lelaki bapa saudara sebapa (Son from the side of the half-uncle or father's half-brother)

Spektrum Ilmu 'Asabah Maalghair (Types of Inheritance with Other Female Relations)

• Waris perempuan dengan sebab adanya anggota waris perempuan yang lain (Female heirs due to kinship with other female relatives)
• Saudara perempuan kandung (Full sister)
• Saudara perempuan sebapa (Half sister from same father)
• Saudara perempuan berkongsi dengan anak perempuan atau cucu perempuan (Sisters with a common link through daughters or granddaughters)