Rukhmabai Raut: Social Revolutionary Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What was Rukhmabai primarily known for?

  • Being the first female physician from India (correct)
  • Establishing medical schools for women
  • Advocating for human rights
  • Starting a women's rights movement

Rukhmabai actively sought to eliminate sex work entirely.

False (B)

When did Rukhmabai pass away?

25 September 1955

Rukhmabai became a voice for the _______ and despairing widows.

<p>unsung</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following descriptions with the correct terms:

<p>Purdah = A practice involving seclusion of women Kamathipura = A place in Mumbai associated with sex work MBBS = A degree in medicine Social rebel = Someone who fights against societal norms</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant change did Rukhmabai Raut achieve in British India?

<p>End of child marriage (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Rukhmabai was married at the age of thirteen.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was Rukhmabai's stepfather?

<p>Dr Sakharam Arjun Raut</p> Signup and view all the answers

Rukhmabai Raut was born in _____ on 22 November 1864.

<p>Bombay</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following individuals with their roles:

<p>Jayantibai = Rukhmabai's mother Dadaji Bhikaji = Rukhmabai's husband Harischandra Yadav = Custodian of Rukhmabai's property Justice Robert Hill Pinhey = Judge in Rukhmabai's court case</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Dadaji Bhikhaji vs Rukhmabai case?

<p>Rukhmabai was granted freedom from her marriage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Rukhmabai accepted her husband's request to cohabit with him despite her unwillingness.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Justice Robert Hill Pinhey criticized the idea of treating a young lady as if she were a _____ or a bullock.

<p>horse</p> Signup and view all the answers

What action did Rukhmabai choose over living with her husband?

<p>Imprisonment for six months (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Rukhmabai's case led to the Age of Consent Act, which raised the legal age for consent from twelve to ten.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who provided financial support for Rukhmabai's medical studies in London?

<p>Countess of Dufferin Fund</p> Signup and view all the answers

Rukhmabai completed her degree of Doctor of ________ in 1894.

<p>Medicine</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following achievements to Rukhmabai:

<p>Kaisar-i-Hind Medal = Outstanding contribution during the plague in Surat Chief Medical Officer = Seth Morrarbhai Vrijbhukhandas Hospital Vidwashtam = Home for widows Pamphlet 'Purdah' = Need for Abolition of Purdah</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the reaction of orthodox groups regarding Rukhmabai's case?

<p>Created mass pressure against her (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Rukhmabai was primarily focused on medical practices after returning to India.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What major societal issue did Rukhmabai's actions help to address?

<p>Child marriage</p> Signup and view all the answers

Rukhmabai initiated a critical discourse on child marriage at different levels in ________ and ________.

<p>England, Europe</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Rukhmabai establish in Rajkot to support women?

<p>Nursing and midwifery training course (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Rukhmabai was initially resistant to the idea of studying medicine.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What language did Rukhmabai learn to connect better with her patients?

<p>Gujarati</p> Signup and view all the answers

Rukhmabai's pamphlet 'Purdah' addressed the need for its ________.

<p>Abolition</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following organizations or figures to their contributions:

<p>Edith Pechey = Supported Rukhmabai's medical education Justice Pinhey = Judged Rukhmabai's case favorably All India Women's Conference = Provided a platform for women's issues Countess of Dufferin Fund = Supported Rukhmabai financially</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Flashcards

Rukhmabai Raut

A social revolutionary who fought against the custom of child marriage in India.

Dadaji Bhikhaji vs Rukhmabai (1885)

The legal case that challenged the practice of child marriage in India, stemming from Rukhmabai Raut's refusal to live with her husband.

Helpless Infancy Argument

The legal argument used by Rukhmabai in the Dadaji Bhikhaji vs Rukhmabai (1885) case. It referred to her young age and lack of consent at the time of marriage.

Justice Robert Hill Pinhey

A British judge who presided over the Dadaji Bhikhaji vs Rukhmabai (1885) case. His verdict in favor of Rukhmabai became a landmark judgment against forced marriage.

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Child Marriage

A custom prevalent in India, where young girls were married off at a very young age, often without their consent.

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Diseased and Slothful

A term used to describe a husband who fails to fulfill his responsibilities and neglects his wife. This was applied to Dadaji Bhikhaji in the case against Rukhmabai.

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Restitution of Conjugal Marriage

Term for being legally forced to live with one's husband after marriage.

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Dr. Sakharam Arjun Raut

Rukhmabai's stepfather, Dr. Sakharam Arjun Raut, played a crucial role in her life by supporting her education and challenging societal norms. He encouraged her to pursue her medical studies and provided her with a nurturing environment.

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Rukhmabai's Advocacy

Rukhmabai dedicated her life to advocating for the well-being of marginalized communities, particularly women, and fought against social injustices like child marriage and the plight of sex workers.

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Breaking Barriers

In the face of societal norms that limited women's opportunities, Rukhmabai courageously pursued her medical studies in the UK, becoming the first female physician from India.

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Rukhmabai's Legal Battle

Rukhmabai challenged the practice of arranged child marriage in India by refusing to live with her husband, her legal case becoming a landmark moment in challenging forced marriage.

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Supporting Sex Workers

Recognizing the vulnerable circumstances of sex workers, Rukhmabai, though unable to stop the profession, worked to improve their health by educating them on hygiene and preventative medicine.

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A Pioneer for Change

Rukhmabai's unwavering commitment to social justice led her to tackle issues like gender inequality, child marriage, and the plight of sex workers, making her a pioneer for social reform.

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Rukhmabai's early marriage

Rukhmabai was forced to marry at a young age against her will.

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Rukhmabai's defiance

Rukhmabai refused to live with her husband and fought for the right to education.

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Rukhmabai's case impact

Rukhmabai's legal battle became a symbol of the fight against child marriage in India.

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Age of Consent Act

The Age of Consent Act raised the legal age for marriage, protecting young girls.

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Edith Pechey's role

Dr. Edith Pechey supported Rukhmabai's education and helped her pursue her medical studies in London.

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Rukhmabai's career

Rukhmabai became a qualified doctor and worked in India, serving women and children.

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Rukhmabai's plague service

Rukhmabai's dedication during the plague outbreak earned her recognition and respect.

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Rukhmabai's challenges

Rukhmabai faced resistance to Western medical practices but overcame it through her skills and empathy.

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Rukhmabai's social work

Rukhmabai's work extended beyond medicine, advocating for women's rights and providing support to widows.

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Rukhmabai's nursing contribution

Rukhmabai's contribution to nursing education empowered women to achieve self-sufficiency and dignity.

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Rukhmabai's challenge to purdah

Rukhmabai challenged traditions like purdah, advocating for women's liberation and open access to society.

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Rukhmabai's legacy

Rukhmabai's fight for her own rights paved the way for women's rights movements in India.

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Rukhmabai's story significance

Rukhmabai's story highlights the struggles of women in traditional societies and their fight for equality.

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Rukhmabai's message

Rukhmabai’s story reminds us that challenging societal norms can lead to progress and empowerment.

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Study Notes

Rukhmabai Raut: A Social Revolutionary

  • Born in Bombay (now Mumbai) on November 22, 1864, to Jayantibai and Janardan Sawey
  • Became an orphan at age two after her father's death
  • Her stepfather, Harischandra Yadav, was a respected official
  • Married at age eleven to Dadaji Bhikaji, a diseased and unsuitable husband
  • Refused to live with him and stayed with her mother and stepfather

The Dadaji Bhikaji vs Rukhmabai 1885 Case

  • Rukhmabai challenged the tradition of child marriage
  • Her lawyer argued against forcing her into an unwanted marriage
  • Justice Robert Hill Pinhey's verdict favored Rukhmabai, stating that enforcing the marriage against her will was cruel and inhumane.
  • The case was appealed and the court later ordered her to live with her husband, or face imprisonment

Rukhmabai's Triumph and Resistance

  • Her case gained national attention and made her a champion of women's rights
  • Considered the first female voice against child marriage in India
  • The case became a subject of controversy, facing opposition from orthodox groups
  • Queen Victoria intervened, dissolving the marriage
  • Dadaji received compensation, while Rukhmabai's actions became a milestone in feminism.

Rukhmabai's Medical Career in England

  • Inspired and supported by Edith Pechey
  • Admitted to the London School of Medicine for Women
  • Earned an MD in 1894
  • Returned to India in 1895 and served as a house surgeon.
  • Appointed Chief Medical Officer in Surat and helped control a plague epidemic
  • Awarded the Kaisar-i-Hind Medal for her exceptional contribution
  • Proficient in Gujarati and worked to overcome cultural resistance to hospital treatment

Rukhmabai's Social Work

  • Set up a home for widows
  • Involved with the All India Women's Conference and an active supporter of women's rights
  • Offered training in nursing and midwifery
  • Conducted lectures on healthcare, self-reliance, and first aid
  • Worked with the Red Cross during WWI
  • Continued to advocate for women's rights and improvements in the quality of life in the community.

Later Life and Legacy

  • Published a pamphlet, "Purdah: The Need for Its Abolition."
  • Worked with prostitutes in Kamathipura to improve hygiene and health
  • Worked to remove barriers to women's education and freedoms
  • Died in 1955 at age 91
  • Considered instrumental pioneering the way for Indian women and a staunch advocate for women's rights.
  • Celebrated as a medical pioneer and social reformer who fought for women's rights.

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Test your knowledge about Rukhmabai Raut, a pivotal figure in the fight against child marriage in India. This quiz explores her early life, the landmark 1885 case that challenged societal norms, and her lasting impact on women's rights. Discover how Rukhmabai emerged as an inspiring champion of social change.

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