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Questions and Answers

renal ptosis

loss of adipose

block urine flow

swelling of kidney hyrdronephrosis

paranephric fat

adipose CT

outermost layer

cushions and supports kidney

renal fascia

dense irregular CT

external to pernephric fat

anchors kidney

perinephric fat

<p>adipose CT</p> <p>cushions and supports kidney</p> Signup and view all the answers

fibrous capsule

<p>surface of kidney</p> <p>maintains kidney shape</p> <p>prevents pathogen penetration</p> <p>dense irregular CT</p> Signup and view all the answers

where are kidneys located

<p>posterior abodmen</p> <p>lateral to vertebral column</p> <p>betwenn t12 and l3</p> <p>left kidney higher due to liver</p> <p>half protected by rib cage</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do kidneys do in response to low blood oxygen

<p>release erythropoetin and stimulate red bone marrow to increase production</p> Signup and view all the answers

Order of urine output

<p>Kidneys, ureters, bladder,urethra</p> Signup and view all the answers

urethra

<p>eliminates urine out of our body</p> Signup and view all the answers

bladder

<p>stores urine, expandable muscle sac</p> Signup and view all the answers

ureters

<p>Transport urine, located from kidneys to bladder</p> Signup and view all the answers

kidneys

<p>Filters blood, turns waste into urine and creates erythropoietin and calcitrol,</p> Signup and view all the answers

components of renal corpuscle

<p>glomerular capillary and glomerular capsule</p> Signup and view all the answers

filration

<p>water and solutes move out of glomerulus</p> Signup and view all the answers

tubular reabsorption

<p>Out of tubule into blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

tubular secretion

<p>Secretion from blood to tubular fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

The kidneys,ureters and urinary bladder are

<p>all retroperitoneal structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

increases filtration

<p>increase in blood pressure,constriction of efferent arteriole</p> Signup and view all the answers

decreases filtration

<p>increase in capsular pressure,obstruction of proximal tubule,increase in plasma concentration</p> Signup and view all the answers

increase urine volume

<p>diuretic,drinking water,having diabetes</p> Signup and view all the answers

decrease urine volume

<p>working outside with no water,too much aquaporins</p> Signup and view all the answers

abnormal things in urine

<p>glucose,ketone bodies,erythrocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

male urethra from proximal to distal

<p>prostatic urethra,membranous urethra,spongy urethra</p> Signup and view all the answers

renal medulla

<p>nephron loop and collecting ducts</p> Signup and view all the answers

renal cortex

<p>procimal and distal convoluted tubule</p> Signup and view all the answers

drop of blood through kidneys

<p>renal artery-interlobar artery-arcuate artery-interlobular artery-afferent arteriole-glomerulus-efferent arteriole-nephron loop</p> Signup and view all the answers

nephron

<p>filtration unit, produce filtrate,made of renal corpuscle and tubule, part of medulla and cortex</p> Signup and view all the answers

renal corpuscle

<p>nephron with renal cortex,glomerulus and glomerular capsule</p> Signup and view all the answers

blood enters via… and exits via…

<p>enters via afferent arterial and exist via afferent arteriole</p> Signup and view all the answers

vascular pole and tubular pole

<p>vascular-afferent and efferent arterioles attach to glomerulus… tubular-origing of renal tubule</p> Signup and view all the answers

renal tubule

<p>proximal convoluted tubule,nephron loop and distal convoluted tubule</p> Signup and view all the answers

Proximal convoluted tubule

<p>first region,increase surface area and reapsorbtion,simple cuboidal</p> Signup and view all the answers

nephron loop

<p>descending limb-extends from pct, ascending limb-renal cortex ends at DCT.</p> Signup and view all the answers

thin segments and thick segments are lined with..(nephron loop)

<p>thin-simple squamous ,thick-simple cuboidal</p> Signup and view all the answers

renal tubule

<p>simple cuboidal ,no microvilli and extends to collecting tubule</p> Signup and view all the answers

types of nephrons

<p>cortical and juxtamedullary</p> Signup and view all the answers

cortical nephron

<p>short loop,85% of nephrons,peripheral cortex</p> Signup and view all the answers

juxtamedullary nephron

<p>long loop,regulates urine concetration,corticomedullary</p> Signup and view all the answers

nephrons drain into

<p>collecting tubules</p> Signup and view all the answers

multiple collecting tubules drain into… multiple collecting ducts drain into

<p>ct-collecting ducts,cd-papillary ducts</p> Signup and view all the answers

how does filtrate from kidneys turn into urine

<p>PCT,nephron loop,DCT, enters collecting tubules,empties in collecting tubules,enters papillary duct</p> Signup and view all the answers

glomerular filtration

<p>Moves things out of blood,seperates water and solutes in blood,enter capsular space</p> Signup and view all the answers

endothelium of glomerulus

<p>fenestrated,plasma and substances to pass,restricts large structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

basement membrane

<p>restricts large plasma proteins,glycoprotein and proteoglycan molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

visceral layer

<p>podocytes, pedicels, restricts small proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

filtrate

<p>180 L, before it becomes urine,minimal amount of protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

freely filtered

<p>small,pass easilt,water,glucose,amino acids and ions</p> Signup and view all the answers

not filtered

<p>formed elements and large proteins,cannot pass through filtration membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

limited filtration

<p>blocked due to size or negative charge,intermediate size</p> Signup and view all the answers

increased net filtration pressure

<p>increases-GFR,solutes and water,substance in urine.. Decreases-filtrate reabsorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

Net filtration presure

<p>Promote filtration-oppose filtration=NFP</p> Signup and view all the answers

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