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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the left ventricle in the cardiovascular system?

  • Receives blood from the right atrium
  • Pumps oxygenated blood into systemic circulation (correct)
  • Pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs
  • Receives oxygenated blood from the lungs

    • What is the role of the epicardium in the heart?

  • Pumps blood to the body
  • Lines the inner chambers of the heart
  • Covers the outer surface of the heart (correct)
  • Produces electrical impulses

    • What occurs at the beginning of ventricular contraction concerning atrio-ventricular valves?

  • They remain open to allow blood flow
  • They open to allow blood flow into the ventricles
  • They close to prevent backflow into the atria (correct)
  • They are inactive during contraction

    • Which pericardium layer directly attaches to the heart?

    <p>Visceral pericardium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is contraindicated for patients with congestive heart failure (CHF)?

    <p>Atenolol (A), Propranolol (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which valve is located on the left side of the heart?

    <p>Mitral (bicuspid) valve (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the semilunar valves?

    <p>To prevent blood from flowing back into the ventricles (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common side effect of ACE inhibitors?

    <p>Cough (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct function of the pericardial space?

    <p>Holds fluid to lubricate pericardial surfaces (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication can potentially cause ototoxicity?

    <p>Bumex (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which heart chamber receives deoxygenated blood from the right atrium?

    <p>Right ventricle (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What risk is associated with potassium-sparing diuretics like Aldactone?

    <p>Hyperkalemia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following beta blockers can be safely given to asthmatic patients?

    <p>Nadolol (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of endocarditis?

    <p>Dental abscess (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following interventions helps prevent the dislodgement of vegetation in endocarditis patients?

    <p>Bedrest (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is commonly used as part of the treatment for endocarditis?

    <p>Penicillin G (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be advised to patients at risk of endocarditis, especially before any invasive procedures?

    <p>Prophylaxis of antibiotics (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In congestive heart failure, which of the following is included in the management acronym UNLOAD?

    <p>Nitrates (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is characterized by an inability of the ventricles to pump normally?

    <p>Congestive heart failure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should patients with vegetation related to endocarditis focus on to aid in sterilization?

    <p>Good oral hygiene (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a typical component of the management for congestive heart failure?

    <p>Beta-blockers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common management strategy for DVT?

    <p>Elevate the leg (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an etiology of hypercoagulability of the blood?

    <p>Increased physical activity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following symptoms is commonly associated with thrombophlebitis?

    <p>Erythema of the leg (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which management technique should be avoided for a patient with DVT?

    <p>Massaging the leg (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a sign of venous stasis?

    <p>Edema (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be monitored as part of the management for vascular disorders?

    <p>Pulse (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lifestyle adjustment can help prevent symptoms of vascular issues?

    <p>Using gloves and mittens in cold (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of anti-coagulants in managing venous disorders?

    <p>Prevent further clotting (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What adverse reaction is associated with Procainamide?

    <p>Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When preparing for electrical cardioversion, which safety measure is NOT necessary?

    <p>Intubate the patient before the procedure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the hallmark sign of peripheral vascular disease that appears first?

    <p>Paresthesia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does an Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) value greater than 0.90 indicate?

    <p>Normal Vascular Function (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a treatment option for valvular heart disease?

    <p>Valvuloplasty (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes Atherosclerosis Obliterans?

    <p>Chronic inflammation due to atheroma (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is likely triggered by smoking and affects small and medium sized arteries?

    <p>Peripheral Vascular Disease (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following interpretations corresponds to an ABI of 0.41?

    <p>Moderate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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