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Questions and Answers
What is the default IP address to access an RB941 device after a factory reset?
Setting the IP address 192.168.X.254/24 is required to configure Ether1 as a Gateway for the clients in the LAN.
True
What action should be taken if there is no IP access to the Mikrotick router?
Use the MAC address to connect.
You can add ports to the newly created bridge by clicking on the ______ tab in the bridge window.
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Which option is NOT a consequence of performing a factory reset on an RB941 device?
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Match the component with its function:
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The MAC address is used for access only when the IP address fails to establish connectivity.
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What must be done before performing a factory reset on the RB941 device?
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Which of the following describes the primary features of MikroTik RouterOS? (Select all that apply)
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Outdated software is a key risk factor in web server security.
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What is the default IP address assigned to MikroTik Router's ether1 port?
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The default username for MikroTik RouterOS is _____ with no password.
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Match the following MikroTik RouterOS access methods with their descriptions:
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Which of the following actions enhance server security? (Select all that apply)
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It is essential to have physical security measures in place for server security.
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What is one key risk related to network ports in server security?
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What is the primary purpose of WebFig?
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WinBox can only connect to routers using the IP protocol.
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What is the size of the Winbox utility file that needs to be downloaded?
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In order to change the IP address and default gateway, set your default gateway to ___.
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Match the following terms related to router configuration:
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What is required to launch WebFig?
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When you set up a bridge in RouterOS, it combines ports to function like a switch.
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What should you disable on your laptop when configuring network settings?
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Study Notes
RouterOS Configuration using Winbox
-
Bridge Creation:
- Click the "+" icon in the Bridge menu to add a new bridge.
- Name the bridge (e.g., bridge-LAN).
- Click the Ports tab and press the "+" sign to add ports to the bridge.
- Include ports 2-5 in the bridge-LAN.
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Setting Bridge IP Address:
- From the IP > Addresses menu in Winbox, press "+".
- Enter the IP address (e.g., 192.168.X.254/24) and select the bridge interface.
- This IP acts as the gateway for clients on the LAN.
RouterOS Configuration using Winbox: Troubleshooting
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Connectivity Issues:
- Check connectivity between the PC and Mikrotik router.
- Determine if the issue is with the PC or the router.
- Consider using the MAC address if IP access is unavailable.
Resetting RouterOS Configuration
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Reset Configuration:
- Select the "System" menu in Winbox.
- Choose "Reset Configuration" from the dropdown menu.
- Click "Yes" to proceed.
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Factory Defaults:
- The RB941 device will reset to factory defaults.
- This process may take a few seconds.
- The device will reboot automatically.
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Default Configuration:
- The default IP address is 192.168.88.1.
- The default username is "admin".
- There is no default password.
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Post-Reset Actions:
- Change the password and configure the device as needed.
- Back up important configuration files before reset.
RouterOS Configuration Utilities
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Winbox:
- A configuration utility for managing MikroTik RouterOS.
- Provides a fast and simple GUI.
- Connects via MAC or IP protocol.
- Discover the router's MAC address using the neighbor discovery button in Winbox.
-
WebFig:
- A web-based configuration utility.
- Accessible directly from the router.
- Platform-independent.
- Can be used on mobile devices.
- Similar layout and features to Winbox.
Setting up RouterOS for Local Network
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Change IP Address and Default Gateway:
- Disable other network interfaces (wireless).
- Set the IP address to 192.168.X.1 (where X is your network number).
- Set the subnet mask to 255.255.255.0.
- Set the default gateway to the Mikrotik IP address (192.168.X.254).
Bridge for Local Area Network (LAN)
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Bridge Purpose:
- A bridge connects hosts on different networks.
- Creates a group of ports to be connected as a switch.
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Bridge Usage:
- Links interfaces like ethernet, wlan, and VLAN.
- Facilitates communication between devices on a LAN.
Server Security Best Practices
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Passwords:
- Use strong passwords to prevent unauthorized access.
-
Outdated Software:
- Regularly update software to address vulnerabilities.
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Patches:
- Apply security patches promptly.
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Network Ports:
- Secure network ports to prevent exploitation.
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Old Accounts:
- Remove old user accounts to reduce security risks.
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Physical Security:
- Secure the physical hardware to prevent unauthorized access.
RouterOS Overview
-
RouterOS:
- An operating system for MikroTik RouterBOARD hardware.
- Features include routing, firewall, bandwidth management, wireless access point, VPN server, and more.
-
RouterBOARD:
- Hardware platform developed by MikroTik.
- Designed to run RouterOS.
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Connecting to RouterOS:
- Telnet
- SSH
- Serial cable
- VGA card with keyboard & monitor
- WebFig
- Winbox
RouterOS Factory Configuration
- Default IP address: 192.168.88.1/24
- Default interface: Ether1 port
- Default username: admin
- Default password: none
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