25 Questions
What figure of speech is used in the sentence 'Life is like a box of chocolates; you never know what you're going to get'?
Simile
Which figure of speech involves giving an inanimate object the qualities of a living thing?
Personification
In the sentence 'Youth is wasted on the young,' what figure of speech is being used?
Paradox
Which figure of speech uses words that sound like what they mean, such as 'hiss' for the sound made by snakes?
Onomatopoeia
What type of play on words uses different senses of the word to create humor, as seen in the question 'Why can’t the bicycle stand up by itself'?
Pun
'Her voice is music to his ears' is an example of which figure of speech?
Simile
'100 homeruns isn't a bad record.' illustrates which figure of speech?
Understatement
'My heart is a lonely hunter that hunts on a lonely hill' is best described as a ____________.
Simile
Which type of poetry focuses on expressing emotions and feelings?
Lyric Poetry
What distinguishes an autobiography from a biography?
The authorship
In which type of nonfiction writing do authors provide day-to-day accounts of their experiences?
Diary
What distinguishes true stories from other types of stories?
The fact that they really happened to real people
Which type of prose composition aims to evaluate a subject through personal discussion?
Essay
What does the term 'literature' encompass?
Both written and spoken work
Which genre of literature is typically written in the ordinary form of language without metrical rhythm?
Novel
What characterizes realistic fiction?
Unbelievable events that could happen in real life
Which genre of literature mixes fiction with historical facts but is mostly untrue?
Historical fiction
In literature, what distinguishes fantasy from other forms of fiction?
Involvement of magical or supernatural elements
Which type of prose fiction typically involves shorter narratives and can be seen as a condensed form of storytelling?
Novelette
What type of conflict involves a character or group of characters facing natural forces like storms or animals?
Man vs. Nature
Which point of view uses the pronouns 'he', 'she', and 'they'?
Third Person
What type of conflict focuses on a psychological struggle that a character is experiencing?
Man vs. Self
Which type of prose presents real-life stories about individuals written by the same person who lived the experiences?
Non-Fiction Autobiography
In which type of point of view does an uncommon observer narrate the story using the pronoun 'you'?
Second Person
What is the central message or main idea that the author wants to convey through a literary work?
Theme
Study Notes
What is Literature?
- Derived from the Latin "litaritura" meaning "writing formed with letters"
- Accounts for human experiences through literary tests like universality and style
- Presents feelings, moods, attitudes, and thoughts
Genres of Literature
Prose
- Written in ordinary form of language (e.g. sentences or paragraphs) in non-metrical rhythm
- Fiction: Fable, Legend, Myth, Parable, Folktale, Fairytale, Novel, Novelette, Short Story
Types of Fiction
- Realistic Fiction: believable events and characteristics that could happen in real life
- Historical Fiction: mix of fiction and historical facts, but mostly untrue
- Fantasy: story couldn't happen in real life, involves magic or supernatural powers
Elements of a Story
Characters
- Major Characters: Protagonist, Antagonist
- Minor Characters: Static, Dynamic, Flat, Round
Setting
- Refers to the time and place of the story
- Includes the environment of the story (e.g. physical location, climate, weather, or social and cultural surroundings)
Plot
- Sequence of events in the story
- Consists of Exposition, Rising Action, Climax, Falling Action, and Resolution/Denouement
Conflict
- Primary problem that characters in a story experience
- Divided into two: Internal Conflict and External Conflict
- External Conflict: man vs. man, man vs. nature, man vs. society
- Internal Conflict: man vs. self
Point of View
- First Person Point of View: character from the story is telling the story
- Third Person Point of View: outside narrator is telling the story
- Second Person Point of View: uncommon, uses the pronoun "you"
Theme
- Central, general message or main idea about life or people the author wants to get across through a literary work
Poetry
- Composition in verse that achieves its effect through rhythmic expressions of various patterns of sounds or imagery
- Types of Poetry: Narrative Poetry, Dramatic Poetry, Lyric Poetry
Lyric Poetry
- Ode: a form of lyric poetry that is usually addressed to someone or something
- Elegy: a form of lyric poetry that expresses grief, sadness, or loss
- Song: verses adapted to musical expression
- Sonnet: a poem that is properly expressive of a single, complete thought, idea, or sentiment
Drama
- Composition that tells a story through action and dialogue, designed for theatrical performances
- Types of Drama: Tragedy, Melodrama, Comedy
Figures of Speech
- Alliteration: repetition of the same consonant sound at the beginning of words
- Hyperbole: uses exaggerated statements or claims not meant to be taken literally
- Irony: expresses one's meaning by using language that normally signifies the opposite
- Metaphor: compares two things that are not alike and finds something about them to make them alike
- Simile: compares two things that are not really the same, but are used to make a point about each other
- Understatement: a situation in which the thing discussed is made to seem much less important than it really is
- Onomatopoeia: the use of a word that actually sounds like what it means
- Paradox: a figure of speech that completely contradicts itself in the same sentence
- Personification: gives an inanimate object the qualities of a living thing
- Pun: play on words that uses different senses of the word, or different sounds that make up the word
Explore the concept of round and flat characters in literature, including their traits and impact on the story. Understand how these characters influence the actions of dynamic characters and contribute to the overall themes of a narrative.
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